The effect of internet of things education through distance education on student success and motivation

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 403 - 420, 31.05.2023

Emre Özgül Mehmet Akif Ocak

https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.1241362

Öz

The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of those technologies with a wide range of applications, from planes to cars, from factories to homes. As IoT technology is an interdisciplinary field, it is generally one of the most difficult subjects to learn. Therefore, there is a need to use and develop new teaching methods to facilitate the teaching of IoT technology. This quasi-experimental study aims to examine the effects of synchronous and asynchronous distance courses on students' achievement and motivation in IoT education. The participants, consisting of 35 students from different engineering departments, were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group was instructed asynchronously on the Edpuzzle platform, where interactive videos were presented, and control group was taught synchronously on the Zoom application for 8 weeks. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the students in the asynchronous group were more successful in their academic achievement post-test scores. Although the synchronous group scored higher in terms of motivation, it was concluded that there was no significant difference from the other group.

Anahtar Kelimeler

IoT, Internet of Things, IoT Training, Distance Education, IoT Education

Kaynakça

• Abd-Ali, R. S., Radhi, S. A., & Rasool, Z. I. (2020). A survey: the role of the internet of things in the development of education. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 19(1), 215-221.
• Abraham, S. (2016). Using internet of things (IoT) as a platform to enhance interest in electrical and computer engineering. In 2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition.
• Agrawal, S. R., & Mittal, D. (2019). Constructive usage of whatsapp in education sector for strengthening relations. International Journal of Educational Management, 33(5), 954–964.
• Al-Balas, M., Al-Balas, H. I., Jaber, H. M., Obeidat, K., Al-Balas, H., Aborajooh, E. A., Al-Taher, R., & Al-Balas, B. (2020). Distance learning in clinical medical education amid COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan: Current situation, challenges, and perspectives. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 1–7.
• Aldowah, H., Rehman, S. U., Ghazal, S., & Umar, I. N. (2017). Internet of Things in higher education: a study on future learning. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 892(1), 012017.
• Al-Emran, M., Malik, S. I., & Al-Kabi, M. N. (2020). A survey of internet of things (IoT) in education: Opportunities and challenges. In Toward social internet of things (SIoT): Enabling technologies, architectures and applications (pp. 197–209). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
• Almatrafi, O., & Johri, A. (2018). Systematic review of discussion forums in massive open online courses (MOOCs). IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 12(3), 413-428.
• Aydın, A., Usanmaz, B., & Göktaş, Y. (2021). Nesnelerin İnterneti’nin Eğitimde Kullanıldığı Alanlar ve Bu Alanlara Etkileri. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 11(2), 425-436.
• Banger, G. (2018). Endüstri 4.0. Dorlion Yayınları.
• Bernard, R. M., Abrami, P. C., Lou, Y., Borokhovski, E., Wade, A., Wozney, L., Wallet, P. A., Fiset, M., & Huang, B. (2004). How does distance education compare with classroom instruction? A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Review of Educational Research, 74(3), 379–439.
• Boulos, M. N. K., Taylor, A. D., & Breton, A. (2005). A synchronous communication experiment within an online distance learning program: A case study. Telemedicine Journal & e-Health, 11(5), 583-593.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2007). Deneysel desenler öntest-sontest kontrol grubu desen ve veri analizi. Pegem A Yayıncılık.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2019). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Akademi.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş., Akgün, Ö. E., Kahveci, Ö. ve Demirel, F. (2004). Güdülenme ve öğrenme stratejileri ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 4(2), 207-239.
• Chang, F. C., Chen, D. K., & Huang, H. C. (2015). Future Classroom with the Internet of Things-A Service-Oriented Framework. J. Inf. Hiding Multim. Signal Process., 6(5), 869-881.
• Charlton, P., & Avramides, K. (2016). Knowledge construction in computer science and engineering when learning through making. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 9(4), 379-390.
• Chow, R., Ho, M., & King, I. (2019). Online micro-modules library production for fundamental programming courses with active learning. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Education (TALE) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
• Clark, R. E. (1994). Media will never influence learning. Educational Technology Research and Development, 42(2), 21-29.
• Cohen, J. (1988). F tests on means in the analysis of variance and covariance. In J. Cohen (Ed.), Statistical power analysis for the behavior science (pp. 273-406). NJ: ERLbaum.
• Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2013). Research methods in education. Routledge.
• Creswell, J. W. (2017). Eğitim Araştırmaları: Nicel ve Nitel Araştırmanın Planlanması, Yürütülmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi. (H. Ekşi, Çev.) İstanbul: Edam Yayıncılık.
• Davidoff, S., Lee, M. K., Zimmerman, J., & Dey, A. K. (2006). Socially-aware requirements for a smart home. In Proceedings of the international symposium on intelligent environments (Vol. 1, No. 2006, pp. 41-44).
• Eriksson, T., Adawi, T., & Stöhr, C. (2017). “Time is the bottleneck”: a qualitative study exploring why learners drop out of MOOCs. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 29(1), 133-146.
• Farooq, M. U., Waseem, M., Mazhar, S., Khairi, A., & Kamal, T. (2015). A review on internet of things (IoT). International Journal of Computer Applications, 113(1), 1-7.
• Ferreira, L. C. B. C., Branquinho, O. C., Chaves, P. R., Cardieri, P., Fruett, F., & Yacoub, M. D. (2019). A PBL-based methodology for IoT teaching. IEEE Communications Magazine, 57(11), 20-26.
• Fletcher, R. (1981). A nonlinear programming problem in statistics (educational testing). SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing, 2(3), 257-267.
• Gonçalves, A. C., Neto, V. V. G., Ferreira, D. J., & Silva, U. F. (2020). Flipped classroom applied to software architecture teaching. In Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) (pp. 1-8). IEEE.
• Grammenos, R., & Poole, C. (2019). Teaching the internet of things: The first three years. In 2019 26th International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT) (pp. 265-269). IEEE.
• Gubbi, J., Buyya, R., Marusic, S., & Palaniswami, M. (2013). Internet of Things (IoT): a vision, architectural elements, and future directions. Computer Networks, 29(7), 1645–1660.
• Gürer, M. D., Tekinarslan, E., & Yavuzalp, N. (2016). Çevrimiçi ders veren öğretim elemanlarının uzaktan eğitim hakkındaki görüşleri. Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, 7(1), 47-78.
• He, J., Lo, D. C. T., Xie, Y., & Lartigue, J. (2016). Integrating Internet of Things (IoT) into STEM undergraduate education: Case study of a modern technology infused courseware for embedded system course. In 2016 IEEE frontiers in education conference (FIE) (pp. 1-9). IEEE.
• Hrastinski, S. (2008). Asynchronous and synchronous e-learning. Educause quarterly, 31(4), 51-55.
• Kahraman, M. E. (2020). The effect of COVID-19 epidemic on applied courses and the implementation of these courses by distance education: example of basic design course. Journal of Medeniyet Art, 6(1), 44-56.
• Karaca, C., & Ocak, M. A. (2017). Effects of flipped learning on university students' academic achievement in algorithms and programming education. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 9(2), 527-543.
• Kassab, M., DeFranco, J., & Laplante, P. (2020). A systematic literature review on Internet of things in education: Benefits and challenges. Journal of computer Assisted learning, 36(2), 115-127.
• Kedraka, K., & Kaltsidis, C. (2020). Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on university pedagogy: students’ experiences and considerations. European Journal of Education Studies, 7(8), 17-30.
• Keskin, S., & Yurdugül, H. (2022). E-learning experience: Modeling students’e-learning interactions using log data. Journal of Educational Technology and Online Learning, 5(1), 1-13.
• Kinshuk, & Chen, N. S. (2006). Synchronous methods and applications in e-Learning. Campus-Wide Information Systems, 23(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/cwis.2006.16523caa.001
• Kleinschmidt, J. H. (2021). Teaching internet of things for engineering courses: A project-based cooperative approach. The International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education, 58(4), 858-873.
• Kortuem, G., Bandara, A. K., Smith, N., Richards, M., & Petre, M. (2013). Educating the Internet-of-Things generation. Computer, 46(2), 53-61.
• Kürtüncü, M., & Kurt, A. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde hemşirelik öğrencilerinin uzaktan eğitim konusunda yaşadıkları sorunlar. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(5), 66-77.
• Kusmin, M., Saar, M., & Laanpere, M. (2018). Smart schoolhouse-Designing IoT study kits for project-based learning in STEM subjects. In 2018 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) (pp. 1514-1517). IEEE.
• Lau, E., Lei, C. U., Kwok, T. T., Lui, K. S., Hew, T. K., & Tam, V. (2018). Improving student technical skills learning experience: designing engineering training with the first principles of instruction. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE) (pp. 1197-1200). IEEE.
• Lei, C. U., Yau, C. W., Lui, K. S., Yum, P., Tam, V., Yuen, A. H. K., & Lam, E. Y. (2017). Teaching Internet of Things: Enhancing learning efficiency via full-semester flipped classroom. In 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE) (pp. 56-60). IEEE.
• Lei, C. U., Yau, C. W., Lui, K. S., Yum, P., Tam, V., Yuen, A. H. K., & Lam, E. Y. (2017). Teaching Internet of Things: Enhancing learning efficiency via full-semester flipped classroom. In 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE) (pp. 56-60). IEEE.
• Lyzhin, I., Efremov, S., Rolich, A., Voskov, L., & Abrameshin, D. (2019). Development of an Educational Kit for Learning IoT. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1163(1), 012015. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1163/1/012015
• Mäenpää, H., Tarkoma, S., Varjonen, S., & Vihavainen, A. (2015). Blending problem-and project-based learning in internet of things education: Case greenhouse maintenance. In Proceedings of the 46th ACM technical symposium on computer science education (pp. 398-403).
• Mäenpää, H., Varjonen, S., Hellas, A., Tarkoma, S., & Mannisto, T. (2017). Assessing IOT projects in university education-A framework for problem-based learning. In 2017 IEEE/ACM 39th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering Education and Training Track (ICSE-SEET) (pp. 37-46). IEEE.
• Maiti, A., Byrne, T., & Kist, A. A. (2019). Teaching internet of things in a collaborative laboratory environment. In 2019 5th Experiment International Conference (exp. at'19) (pp. 193-198). IEEE.
• Midkiff, S. F., & DaSilva, L. A. (2000). Leveraging the web for synchronous versus asynchronous distance learning. In International Conference on Engineering Education (Vol. 2000, pp. 14-18).
• Milman, N. (2012) The flipped classroom strategy: what is it and how can it be used?. Distance Learning, 9(3), 85-87.
• Nelke, S. A., & Winokur, M. (2020). Introducing IoT subjects to an existing curriculum. IEEE Design & Test, 37(6), 24-30.
• Ning, H., & Hu, S. (2012). Technology classification, industry, and education for Future Internet of Things. International journal of communication systems, 25(9), 1230-1241.
• Nunez, J. L. M., Caro, E. T., & Gonzalez, J. R. H. (2016). From higher education to open education: Challenges in the transformation of an online traditional course. IEEE Transactions on Education, 60(2), 134-142.
• Osipov, E., & Riliskis, L. (2013). Educating innovators of future internet of things. In 2013 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) (pp. 1352-1358). IEEE.
• Özgül, E. (2016). The opinions of students and faculty members about distance summer school [Unpublished M.A. thesis]. Anadolu University, Eskişehir.
• Paganelli, F., Mylonas, G., Cuffaro, G., & Nesi, I. (2019). Experiences from using gamification and IoT-based educational tools in high schools towards energy savings. In European Conference on Ambient Intelligence (pp. 75-91). Springer, Cham.
• Perveen, A. (2016). Synchronous and asynchronous e-language learning: A case study of virtual university of Pakistan. Open Praxis, 8(1), 21-39.
• Pintrich, P. R., Smith, D., Garcia, T., ve McKeachie, W. J. (1993). Reliability and predictivevalidity of the motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ). Washington, DC: Office of Educational Research and Improvement.
• Plauska, I., & Damaševičius, R. (2014). Educational robots for internet-of-things supported collaborative learning. In Information and Software Technologies: 20th International Conference, ICIST 2014, Druskininkai, Lithuania, October 9-10, 2014. Proceedings 20 (pp. 346-358). Springer International Publishing.
• Porter, J. R., Morgan, J. A., & Johnson, M. (2017). Building automation and IoT as a platform for introducing STEM education in K-12. In 2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition.
• Raikar, M. M., Desai, P., Vijayalakshmi, M., & Narayankar, P. (2018). Upsurge of IoT (Internet of Things) in engineering education: A case study. In 2018 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI) (pp. 191-197). IEEE.
• Ramlowat, D. D., & Pattanayak, B. K. (2019). Exploring the internet of things (IoT) in education: a review. In Information Systems Design and Intelligent Applications: Proceedings of Fifth International Conference INDIA 2018 Volume 2 (pp. 245-255). Springer Singapore.
• Romiszowski, A., & Mason, R. (2013). Computer-mediated communication. In Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (pp. 402-436). Routledge.
• Ronoh, K., Muli, E., Ngwawe, E., & Njuki, S. (2021). Internet of Things learning methodologies, teaching tools and teaching platforms. In 2021 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
• Rotimi, O., Orah, N., Shaaban, A., Daramola, A. O., & Abdulkareem, F. B. (2017). Remote teaching of histopathology using scanned slides via Skype between the United Kingdom and Nigeria. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 141(2), 298–300.
• Rout, K. K., Mishra, S., & Routray, A. (2017). Development of an Internet of Things (IoT) based introductory laboratory for undergraduate engineering students. In 2017 International Conference on Information Technology (ICIT) (pp. 113-118). IEEE.
• Suduc, A.-M., Bizoi, M., & Gorghiu, G. (2018). A Survey on IoT in Education. Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala,10(3), 103-111.
• Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using Multivariate Statistics (5th ed). Boston: Pearson Education Inc.
• Tianbo, Z. (2012). The internet of things promoting higher education revolution. In 2012 Fourth International Conference on Multimedia Information Networking and Security (pp. 790-793). IEEE.
• Vochescu, A., Goran, S., Culic, I., & Radovici, A. (2017). Open source platform for sharing Internet of Things educational materials. In 2017 16th RoEduNet Conference: Networking in Education and Research (RoEduNet) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
• Wang, J., & Wang, Y. (2021). Compare synchronous and asynchronous online instruction for science teacher preparation. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 32(3), 265-285.
• Watts, L. (2016). Synchronous and asynchronous communication in distance learning: A review of the literature. Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 17(1), 23.
• Wortmann, F., & Flüchter, K. (2015). Internet of things. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 57(3), 221-224.
• Yolcu, H. H. (2020). Preservice elementary teachers’ distance education experiences at the time of coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic. Açıköğretim Uygulamaları ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(4), 237-250.
• Yükseköğretim Kurumu - YÖK. (2020, March 18). Basın Açıklaması. Retrieved from https://www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Haberler/2020/universitelerde-uygulanacak-uzaktan-egitime-iliskin-aciklama.aspx
• Zan, N., & Zan, B. U. (2020). Education in emergency at coronavirus: overview of faculty of letters students included to distance education system from different regions of Turkey. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 1367-1394.