Muhtelif susam ve tahin ürünlerinin mineral içeriklerinin ICP-MS yöntemi ile belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada ülkemizde kullanılan 28 adet yerel ve ithal susam tohumunda ve bu susam çeşitlerinden üretilerek satışa sunulan 21 adet tahin ürününde ICP-MS yöntemi ile toplamda 20 farklı mineralin analizi gerçekleştirildi. Susam ve tahin numuneleri ayrıca Türk Gıda Kodeksin susam ve tahin tebliğinde yer alan bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal analizler bakımından da test edilerek numunelerin kodekse uygunlukları incelendi. Araştırmada test edilen susam ve tahin örneklerinin fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri büyük oranda tahin ve susam tebliğinde belirtilen değerlerle uyum içerisindedir. Susam tohumlarının mineral içerikleri yerli ve ithal susam bazında çeşitlilik göstermekle birlikte kalsiyum, potasyum, fosfor ve magnezyum miktar olarak en çok bulunan minerallerdir. Susam numunelerinde bulunan ağır metallerin ortalama miktarları arsenik için 0.062, kurşun 0.075, kadmiyum 0.090, cıva 0.113 ve antimon 0.172 mg/kg olarak tespit edilmiştir. İthal ve yerli susamdan üretilen tahin numunelerinin mineral içeriklerinin oldukça değişkenlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Türk Gıda Kodeksi Tahin Tebliğinde tahin için belirtilen değerler dikkate alındığında (Arsenik miktarı en çok 0.2 mg/kg, kurşun en çok 0.3 mg/kg, bakır en çok 18 mg/kg ve demir ise en çok 75 mg/kg); arsenik ve kurşun miktarlarının tüm numunelerde limit altında olduğu, bakır miktarının dört numunede ve demir miktarının ise yedi numunede değerlendirme limitinin üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen verilere göre mineral içeriği susam tohumunun menşeine, rengine ve çeşidi gibi değişkenlere bağlı olarak farklılıklar göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ICP-MS
• Mineral analizi
• Susam
• Tahin

Determination of mineral contents of various sesame and tahini products by ICP-MS method

Abstract

In this study, 20 different minerals were analysed using the ICP-MS method in 28 domestic and imported sesame seeds used in our country, and 21 tahini products were produced from these sesame varieties and offered for sale. Samples of sesame and tahini were tested for various physical and chemical analyses outlined in the Turkish Food Codex, and the compliance of these samples with the codex was assessed. The physical and chemical properties of the analysed sesame and tahini samples largely align with the values specified in the tahini and sesame codex. Although the mineral contents of analysed sesame seeds vary based on local and imported sesame, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium are the most abundant minerals. The average values of heavy metals in sesame samples were determined as arsenic 0.062, lead 0.075, cadmium 0.090, mercury 0.113 and antimony 0.172 mg/kg. It was determined that the mineral contents of tahini samples produced from imported and domestic sesame seeds varied considerably. Considering the values given for tahini in the Turkish Food Codex Tahini Communiqué (maximum amount of arsenic is 0.2 mg/kg, maximum amount of lead is 0.3 mg/kg, maximum amount of copper is 18 mg/kg, and maximum amount of iron is 75 mg/kg); it was determined that arsenic and lead results were appropriate in all samples, four samples in copper analysis and seven samples in iron analysis were above the evaluation limit. According to the data obtained in the study, mineral content varies depending on variables such as the origin, colour and variety of sesame seed.

Keywords

• ICP-MS
• Mineral analysis
• Sesame
• Tahini

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