Controlled Evidence Mapping of Digitally Enabled Climate-Smart Tourism: From Fragmented Applications to Integrated Destination Climate Intelligence

Öz

This study maps the knowledge structure of AI-enabled climate-smart tourism and examines how artificial intelligence, digital twins, the Internet of Things, remote sensing, predictive analytics, and climate services support adaptation, mitigation, and destination resilience. A systematic evidence-mapping design was combined with controlled bibliometric science mapping. Following PRISMA 2020 and SPAR-4-SLR, 77 records were screened, yielding 50 eligible publications available through June 2026. Analyses included concept co-occurrence, temporal overlay, technology–function cross-tabulation, climate-relevance coding, and evidence-maturity assessment. Publication activity increased after 2023, with planning and governance dominating the literature. Only 11 studies explicitly addressed climate risk, adaptation, weather, or resilience, while outcome-level evaluation remained limited. The findings reveal a sensing-to-action gap, as observation, prediction, simulation, implementation, and learning are rarely integrated. The study conceptualizes AI-enabled climate-smart tourism as an outcome-oriented destination capability and proposes a six-stage climate-intelligence cycle connecting sensing, integration, prediction, simulation, decision-making, adaptation, and learning.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• artificial intelligence
• climate-smart tourism
• digital twin
• internet of things
• remote sensing
• predictive analytics

Dijital Destekli İklim Dostu Turizme İlişkin Kontrollü Kanıt Haritalaması: Parçalı Uygulamalardan Bütünleşik Destinasyon İklim Zekasına

Öz

Bu çalışma, yapay zeka destekli iklim dostu turizmin bilgi yapısını haritalandırmakta ve yapay zeka, dijital ikizler, nesnelerin İnterneti, uzaktan algılama, tahmine dayalı analitik ve iklim hizmetlerinin uyum, etki azaltma ve destinasyon dayanıklılığını nasıl desteklediğini incelemektedir. Sistematik bir kanıt haritalama tasarımı, kontrollü bibliyometrik bilim haritalama yöntemiyle birleştirilmiştir. PRISMA 2020 ve SPAR-4-SLR kılavuzlarına uygun olarak 77 kayıt taranmış ve Haziran 2026’ya kadar erişilebilir olan 50 uygun yayın belirlenmiştir. Analizler arasında kavramların birlikte görülme sıklığı, zamansal üst üste bindirme, teknoloji-işlev çapraz tablolama, iklimle ilgili kodlama ve kanıt olgunluğu değerlendirmesi yer almıştır. Yayın faaliyeti 2023’ten sonra artmış olup, literatürde planlama ve yönetişim konuları baskın olmuştur. Sadece 11 çalışma iklim riski, uyum, hava durumu veya dayanıklılık konularını açıkça ele alırken, sonuç düzeyinde değerlendirme sınırlı kalmıştır. Bulgular, gözlem, tahmin, simülasyon, uygulama ve öğrenmenin nadiren entegre edildiği için algılama ile eyleme geçme arasında bir uçurum olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, yapay zeka destekli iklim-akıllı turizmi sonuç odaklı bir destinasyon yeteneği olarak kavramsallaştırmakta ve algılama, entegrasyon, tahmin, simülasyon, karar verme, uyum ve öğrenmeyi birbirine bağlayan altı aşamalı bir iklim zekası döngüsü önermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yapay zeka
• iklim dostu turizm
• dijital ikiz
• nesnelerin interneti
• uzaktan algılama
• öngörüsel analitik

Kaynakça

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