Gebelik Sürecinde Besin Seçimine Etki Eden Faktörler

Yıl 2023, , 51 - 62, 30.08.2023

Ayşenur Yıldız , Funda Esin Fakılı

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8296411

Öz

Gebelik; anne ve fetüsün metabolik, kardiyovasküler, hematolojik, solunum, üriner, endokrin ve bağışıklık sisteminde çeşitli fizyolojik değişiklerin yaşandığı bir dönemdir. Annenin yaşam tarzı, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve bu dönemde göstermiş olduğu sağlık davranışları hem anne hem de bebeğin sağlık durumunu doğrudan etkiler. Gebelikte annenin diyetinin yetersiz ve dengesiz olması durumunda annede anemi vb. çeşitli hastalıklar; bebekte doğum anomalileri ve gelişme geriliği gibi sağlık problemleri görülebilmektedir. Bu nedenle gebelik döneminde yeterli ve dengeli beslenmek; anne ve bebeğin sağlığını en iyi şekilde kontrol etmek, kronik hastalık risklerini azaltmak, bebeğin optimal gelişimini sağlamak için oldukça önemlidir.
Besin seçimi; bireyin besini satın alırken, tüketirken veya bu iki an arasında bilinçli veya bilinçsiz olarak verdiği kararlar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Beslenme uzmanlarının açıklama ve tavsiyeleriyle gebelikte beslenmenin önemi hakkında bilinç artmış olsa da bu dönemde çeşitli faktörler annelerin besin seçimlerini etkilemektedir. Gelenek ve inanışlar, sosyo-ekonomik durum, ağırlık kazanımı, gebelik öncesi ağırlık, sosyal medya kullanımı, aşerme ve besinden kaçınma davranışları anne adaylarının besin seçimlerini etkileyen faktörlerin başında gelmektedir.
Bu derleme; gebelikte besin tercihlerinin anne ve bebek üzerindeki etkilerinin daha iyi anlaşılmasını, annelerin besin tercihlerinin hangi faktörlerden etkilendiğini ve literatürdeki çeşitli araştırma verilerini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gebelik Dönemi, Anne ve Bebek Sağlığı, Beslenme, Besin Seçimi

Kaynakça

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