Bedensel Engelli Bireylerin Hasta Merkezli Bakıma İlişkin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, bedensel engelli bireylerin aldıkları sağlık hizmetlerinde hasta merkezli bakıma ilişkin algılarını incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel desende yürütülmüştür. Veriler, Haziran-Ağustos 2026 tarihleri arasında çevrim içi anket yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Çalışmaya 18 yaş ve üzeri, bedensel engeli bulunan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü 101 birey dahil edilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Hasta Merkezli Bakım Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler, grup karşılaştırmaları ve korelasyon analizleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 29.81 ± 9.91 yıl, engellilik derecesi ortalaması ise 67.59 ± 18.70 olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların %66.30’unun erkek, %72.30’unun bekâr, %66.30’unun doğuştan bedensel engelli ve %63.40’ının düzenli spor yapmadığı saptanmıştır. Hasta merkezli bakım toplam puan ortalaması 3.39 ± 0.94 olarak bulunmuştur. Alt boyutlar arasında en yüksek puan aile ve arkadaşlar boyutunda, en düşük puan ise fiziksel konfor boyutunda elde edilmiştir. Tanıtıcı değişkenlere göre hasta merkezli bakım toplam puanında anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. Yaş ve engellilik derecesi ile hasta merkezli bakım puanları arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmamıştır. Sonuç: Bedensel engelli bireylerin hasta merkezli bakım algılarının orta düzeyin üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte fiziksel konfor boyutundaki görece düşük puan, sağlık hizmetlerinde erişilebilirlik, çevresel düzenlemeler ve bireyselleştirilmiş bakım uygulamalarının güçlendirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bedensel engelli bireyler
• Hasta merkezli bakım
• Engelli bireylere yönelik sağlık hizmetleri
• Sağlık hizmetlerine erişim
• Rehabilitasyon Hemşireliği

Patient-Centered Care Perceptions Among Adults with Physical Disabilities: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to examine individuals with physical disabilities' perceptions of patient-centered care in the health services they received. Material and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 101 individuals aged 18 years or older with a physical disability who voluntarily agreed to participate. Data were collected online between June and August 2026 using a Descriptive Information Form and the Patient-Centered Care Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, group comparisons, and correlation analyses. Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.81 ± 9.91 years, and the mean disability degree was 67.59 ± 18.70. Of the participants, 66.30% were male, 72.30% were single, 66.30% had a congenital physical disability, and 63.40% did not engage in regular sports. The mean total patient-centered care score was 3.39 ± 0.94, indicating a level above the midpoint. Among the subdimensions, the highest mean score was obtained from the family and friends dimension, whereas the lowest mean score was obtained from the physical comfort dimension. No statistically significant differences in total patient-centered care scores were found across descriptive variables. In addition, age and disability degree were not significantly associated with the total score or subdimension scores. Conclusion: Individuals with physical disabilities had perceptions of patient-centered care above the midpoint. However, the relatively lower score in the physical comfort dimension indicates the need to strengthen accessibility, environmental arrangements, and individualized care practices in health services.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Persons with Disabilities
• Patient-Centered Care
• Health Services for Persons with Disabilities
• Health Services Accessibility
• Rehabilitation Nursing

Kaynakça

1. Kwame A, Petrucka P. A literature-based study of patient-centered care and communication in nurse-patient interactions: barriers, facilitators, and the way forward. BMC Nurs. 2021;20(1):158. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00684-2
2. Hickmann E, Richter P, Schlieter H, Cemazar M, Dudek-Godeau D, Grapentin N, et al. Practical Approaches to Patient-Centered Care in Europe: Mixed Methods Study Developing a Conceptual Framework for Comprehensive Cancer Care Networks. JMIR Cancer. 2025;11:e59683. https://doi.org/10.2196/59683
3. Saha S, Beach MC, Cooper LA. Patient Centeredness, Cultural Competence and Healthcare Quality. J Natl Med Assoc. 2008;100(11):1275-1285. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31505-4
4. Salmond S, Echevarria M. Healthcare Transformation and Changing Roles for Nursing. Orthop Nurs. 2017;36(1):12-25. https://doi.org/10.1097/nor.0000000000000308
5. Olatunde Oduoye MO, Akilimali A, Arama U, Fathelrahman Adam M, Biamba Chrispin U, Muhoza Gasambi B. Healthcare Services for the Physically Challenged Persons in Africa: Challenges and Way Forward. In: Önal AE, editor. Healthcare Access - New Threats, New Approaches. London: IntechOpen; 2022.
6. World Health Organization. WHO global disability action plan 2014-2021: Better health for all people with disability [İnternet]. Erişim Tarihi: 27 Temmuz 2026. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-global-disability-action-plan-2014-2021 [Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-global-disability-action-plan-2014-2021.
7. The Lancet Public H. Disability inclusivity: time to step up. Lancet Public Health. 2024;9(5):e275. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00078-1
8. Walji S, Carroll J, Haber C. Experiences of patients with a disability in receiving primary health care. Can Fam Physician. 2021;67(7):517-524. https://doi.org/10.46747/cfp.6707517

9. Stone EM, Bonsignore S, Crystal S, Samples H. Disabled Patients' Experiences of Healthcare Services in a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Adults. Health Serv Res. 2025;60(4):e14598. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.14598
10. Iezzoni LI, Rao SR, Ressalam J, Bolcic‐Jankovic D, Agaronnik N, Donelan K, et al. Physicians’ Perceptions Of People With Disability And Their Health Care. Health Aff. 2021;40(2):297-306. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.01452
11. Jamme L, Blangez A, Vincent Y-M, Dumont G. How people with physical disabilities feel about their care in general practice: A qualitative study. Médecine. 2025;21(2):85-90. https://doi.org/10.1684/med.2025.1070
12. Iwakuma M, Aoki T, Morishita M. Patient experience (PX) among individuals with disabilities in Japan: a mixed-methods study. BMC Prim Care. 2022;23(1):183-183. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-022-01800-0
13. Molla K, Aslan M. Fiziksel engelli olan hastaların hemşirelik bakım davranışı algısı ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi. Sağlık ve Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;5(3):153-161. https://doi.org/10.33308/2687248x.202353316
14. Rotarou ES, Pizarro-Mena R, Sakellariou D. Health decision-making of people with disabilities: a survey-based observational study. Crit Public Health. 2026;36(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2025.2609434
15. Donoghue A. Examining the Relationship Between Stigma and Physical Disability Through Lived Experiences. Stud j occup ther. 2025;5(1):45-60. https://doi.org/10.46409/001.rhiq3330
16. G/Egziabher R, Biks GA, Worku N, Endalew B, Dellie E. Patient-Centered Care and Associated Factors among Adult Admitted Patients in South Wollo Public Hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2022;16:333-342. https://doi.org/10.2147/ppa.S346000
17. Cramm JM, Nieboer AP. Validation of an instrument for the assessment of patient-centred care among patients with multimorbidity in the primary care setting: the 36-item patient-centred primary care instrument. BMC Fam Pract. 2018;19(1):143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-018-0832-4
18. Kırılmaz H, Ataç C, Erdoğan M, Arslanoğlu A. Turkish validity and reliability of patient-centred care scale. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi. 2023;10(3):337-347. https://doi.org/10.52880/sagakaderg.1332166
19. Helbig R, Latteck Ä-D. Lebensqualität im Mittelpunkt der Langzeitpflege von Menschen mit Körperbehinderungen. In: Jacobs K, Kuhlmey A, Greß S, Klauber J, Schwinger A, editors. Pflege-Report 2022: Spezielle Versorgungslagen in der Langzeitpflege. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2022. p. 105-118.
20. Appelgren M, Bahtsevani C, Persson K, Borglin G. Nurses' experiences of caring for patients with intellectual developmental disorders: a systematic review using a meta-ethnographic approach. BMC Nurs. 2018;17:51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-018-0316-9
21. Ronca E, Scheel-Sailer A, Koch HG, Essig S, Brach M, Münzel N, Gemperli A. Satisfaction with access and quality of healthcare services for people with spinal cord injury living in the community. J Spinal Cord Med. 2020;43(1):111-121. https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2018.1486623
22. HomolkovÁ E. Ošetřovatelská péče z pohledu tělesně znevýhodněného pacienta: Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, Husova 458, 370 05 České Budějovice, http://www.jcu.cz; 2021.
23. Ewunetu M, Temesgen W, Zewdu D, Andargie A, Kebede M, Lidetu T. Patients’ Perception of Patient-Centered Care and Associated Factors Among Patients Admitted in Private and Public Hospitals: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2023;17:1035-1047. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S402262