Kanser ile İlişkili Ostomisi Olan Bireylerde Psikolojik Dayanıklılık

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 174 - 183, 31.12.2024

Ramazan Sakarya , Hatice Yüceler Kaçmaz

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14576636

Öz

Kanser, Türkiye’de ve Dünya’da yaygın görülen önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Kanserin geçmişten günümüze insidans ve mortalitesi artarak devam ettiği ve gelecekte bu artışın katlanarak devam edeceği öngörülmektedir. Kansere karşı mücadele sürecinde cerrahi tedavi önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Cerrahi tedavi prosedürü, tümöral alanın çıkarılmasının yanı sıra ilgili bölgenin anatomik ve fizyolojik yapısını bozabilmekte, bu nedenle ek cerrahi yöntemlere gereksinim duyulabilmektedir. Ostomi cerrahisi bu amaca hizmet eden bir yöntem olup bağırsak, mesane ve laringeal işlevlerin sürdürülmesinde yaygın olarak uygulanmaktadır. Ancak ostomi cerrahisi bireylerin fiziksel kısıtlanma, psikolojik zorlanma, sosyal etkileşimde bozulma, öz bakım güçlüğü ve finansal yük gibi sorunlar ile yüzleşmesine zemin hazırlamaktadır. Paralelinde ostomi hastalarının gelişen yeni duruma uyum süreçleri zorlaşmaktadır. Ostomiye uyum ve yeni yaşam tarzının sağlıklı yürütülmesinde pozitif psikolojik faktörler kritik rol üstlenmektedir. Pozitif psikolojinin önemli bir unsuru olan psikolojik dayanıklılık, yaşamsal zorluklar karşısında mücadele ve direnme yetisi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Psikolojik dayanıklılığın artırılmasının ostomiye uyum sürecinin daha sağlıklı yürütülmesine olanak tanıyabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu derleme ile kanser ile ilişkili ostomisi olan bireylerde psikolojik dayanıklılığın öneminin ortaya konulması ve farkındalığın artırılması hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kanser, ostomi cerrahisi, psikolojik dayanıklılık

Psychological Resilience in Individuals with Cancer-Related Ostomy

Öz

Cancer constitutes a major public health concern both in Turkey and worldwide. The incidence and mortality rates of cancer have shown a continuous upward trend, with projections indicating that this trajectory will persist and intensify in the coming years. The surgical treatment procedure, in addition to the removal of the tumoral area, may disrupt the anatomical and physiological structure of the affected region; therefore, additional surgical methods may be required. Ostomy surgery is a method that serves this purpose and is widely used to maintain bowel, bladder and laryngeal functions. However, ostomy surgery leads individuals to face problems such as physical restriction, psychological strain, impaired social interaction, self-care difficulties and financial burden. In parallel, the adaptation process of ostomy patients to the new situation becomes difficult. In this context, positive psychological factors play an indispensable role in facilitating successful adaptation to life with an ostomy. Psychological resilience, a pivotal concept within positive psychology, refers to the capacity to navigate and overcome substantial life adversities. Enhancing psychological resilience is thought to be a key factor in promoting healthier adaptation processes for individuals undergoing ostomy surgery. This review seeks to elucidate the vital role of psychological resilience in patients with cancer-related ostomies and aims to raise awareness of its critical importance in improving patient outcomes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cancer, Ostomy surgery, Psychological resilience

Kaynakça

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