İrritabl Bağırsak Sendromu Olan Hastalarda Beslenme Durumunun İncelenmesi

Öz

İrritabl bağırsak sendromu, abdominal ağrı, gaz, şişkinlik ve bağırsak alışkanlığının değişmesi ile karakterize kronik fonksiyonel bir gastrointestinal bozukluktur. Çeşitli diyet yaklaşımları ve beslenme alışkanlıkları hastalığın semptomlarıyla ilişkili olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, irritabl bağırsak sendromu bulunan hastaların beslenme alışkanlıklarının incelenmesi ve sağlıklı bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıkları ile karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla, çalışmaya Mart-Nisan 2020 tarihleri arasında online erişim ile gerçekleştirilen çalışmaya Roma IV kriterlerine göre irritabl bağırsak sendromu tanısı almış 40 hasta ile sağlıklı 40 kontrol alındı. Bireylerin demografik özellikleri, beden kitle indeksi, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve besin tüketim sıklığına ilişkin veriler anket formu ile toplandı. Veriler SPSS 25.0 Programı ile analiz edilerek istatistiksel anlamlılık için p<0,05 değeri kabul edildi. Çalışmaya katılan hastaların %80’i kadın ve beden kitle indeks ortalaması 24,73±3,88 kg/m2 ve irritabl bağırsak sendromu tanısı konma süresi ortalama 6,15±6,83 yıl olarak saptandı. Sağlıklı bireylerle karşılaştırıldığında hastaların yaş ve beden kitle indeksi anlamlı olarak daha fazla bulundu (p<0,05). Hastaların %17,5’i probiyotik tüketirken; sağlıklı bireylerin hiçbirinin tüketmediği belirlendi, aradaki fark anlamlı bulundu (p<0,05). Hastalık tanısı alma durumuna göre et, balık ve tavuk; ekmek, tahıl ve kuru baklagiller; yumurta tüketimi arasındaki farklar anlamlı bulundu (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, irritabl bağırsak sendromu olan hastalar, sağlıklı bireylere göre, semptomları tetikleyecek besinleri tüketmemeye eğilimli iken; probiyotik kullanımı gibi semptomları hafifletebilecek davranışlar sergilemektedir. Buna göre, irritabl bağırsak sendromu tedavisinde sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıkları edinmek hastalığın prognozunu olumlu etkilemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İrritabl bağırsak sendromu
• Beslenme
• Obezite
• Probiyotik

Investigation of Nutrition Status in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Öz

Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, distension and altered bowel habits. Some dietary approaches and eating habits may be associated with the symptoms of the disease. The aim of the study is to examine the eating habits of patients with irritable bowel syndrome and to compare them with the eating habits of healthy individuals. For this purpose, 40 patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome according to Rome IV criteria and 40 healthy controls were included in the study, which was conducted online between March and April 2020. Data on demographic characteristics, body mass index, nutritional habits and frequency of food consumption of individuals were collected with a questionnaire form. The data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 program and p <0.05 was accepted for statistical significance. 80% of the patients participating in the study were female and the average body mass index is 24.73 ± 3.88 kg / m2 and the duration of diagnosis of irratable bowel syndrome is 6.15 ± 6.83 years on average. Age and body mass index of the patients are significantly higher (p <0.05) compared to healthy individuals. While 17.5% of the patients consumed probiotics; it was determined that none of the healthy individuals consumed; the difference was found to be significant (p <0.05). According to the disease diagnosis, difference between of meat, fish and chicken; bread, cereals and legumes; egg consumption was statistically significant (p <0.05). In conclusion, avoiding foods that may bother these patients from the diet and using probiotics can alleviate irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. Accordingly, adopting healthy eating habits positively affects the prognosis of the disease in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Nutrition
• Obesity
• Probiotic

Kaynakça

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