Serbest Deoksiribonükleik Asit Analizinde Preanalitik Aşamanın Önemi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 38 - 44, 09.03.2020

Burak Arslan Aylin Sepici Dinçel

https://doi.org/10.35333/JOHSE.2020.131

Öz

Laboratuvar, klinik tanıya karar verme aşamasında çok önemli bir yere sahiptir. Pre-preanalitik (test istemi), preanalitik (numunelerin toplanması), analitik (numune analizi), postanalitik (sonuç raporlama), post-post analitik (sonuç değerlendirme) süreçler gibi birbiri içerisine geçmiş fazlar, laboratuvar süreçlerini oluşturup, numune toplanmasından analizine kadar geçen süreçte kendi içlerinde ayrı öneme sahiptirler. Laboratuvar hatalarının %70’den fazlasını preanalitik aşamada meydana gelen hatalar oluşturmaktadır. Bu hataların azaltılması veya en aza indirgenmesi analiz sonuçlarının daha doğru ve güvenilir olmasını sağlayacaktır. Rutin laboratuvar pratiğinde olduğu kadar bilimsel araştırmalarda ve belki de ileride rutin laboratuvar pratiğine girecek olan serbest deoksiribonükleik asit gibi biyobelirteç analizlerinde de preanalitik aşama çok önemlidir ve halen süreç optimizasyonu yapılmamıştır. Analiz öncesi dönemde, hangi aşamaların analizi etkileyebileceği yönündeki araştırmalar analiz sonuçlarını değerlendirme aşamasında yol gösterici olacaktır. Çünkü, analiz için kullanılan tüp seçiminden, numuneyi santrifüj etme hızına kadar birçok analiz öncesi aşamada laboratuvarlar, kendi benimsedikleri metotları ve prosedürleri kullanmaktadırlar. Derlemede, serbest deoksiribonükleik asit analizi öncesi hata kaynakları sebeplerinden bahsedilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Serbest deoksiribonükleik asit, Preanalitik Aşama, Süreç Optimizasyonu

Importance of Preanalytical Phase in Cell Free Deoxyribonucleic Acid Analysis

Öz

The laboratory plays an important role in the decision-making process of clinical diagnosis. Pre-preanalytical (test order), preanalytical (sample collection), analytical (sample analysis), post-analytical (result reporting), post-post analytical (result evaluation) processes are intertwined phases and these phases form the laboratory processes and are of particular importance in the process from sample collection to analysis. More than 70% of laboratory errors occur in the pre-analytical phase. Reducing or minimizing these errors will make the analysis results more accurate and reliable. As well as routine laboratory practice, the pre-analytical phase is very important in scientific research, and perhaps in biomarkers such as cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid that will be introduced into routine laboratory practice in the future,
and process optimization has not yet been performed. Because many laboratories use their own adopted methods and procedures in many stages from the selection of tubes used for analysis to the speed of centrifugation of the sample, and as in routine laboratory practice, there is no clear procedure to be used by all world laboratories and reference laboratories. In the future, we will be able to determine the procedures for the most appropriate preanalytical steps with the pre-analytical process management and error detection studies that we will do for our own studies in the pre-analytical phase and with the light of the information in the literature. In this review, the causes of error sources before free deoxyribonucleic acid analysis are mentioned.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cell Free DNA, Preanalytical Phase, Process Optimization

Kaynakça

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