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Takım ve Bireysel Spor Branşlarında Yaralanma Profili ve Ekonomik Boyutu: Maruziyet ve Maliyet Temelli Bir Analiz

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 168 - 183, 26.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.71416/jhss.1809739

Öz

Bu çalışma; farklı spor branşlarında meydana gelen yaralanmaların sıklığını, türlerini ve bunlara bağlı ekonomik maliyetleri analiz ederek, spor yaralanmalarının hem sağlık hem de finansal açıdan oluşturduğu yükü değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada, Konya Büyükşehir Belediye Spor Kulübü’ne bağlı sekiz branşta [hentbol, basketbol -takımlı basketbol ligi (TBL), takımlı basketbol ikinci ligi (TB2L), voleybol, judo, tekvando, güreş, bisiklet, atletizm] 2024–2025 sezonunda meydana gelen yaralanmaları retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Veriler, kulüp sağlık biriminin medikal kayıtlarından elde edilmiştir. Sporcuların yaralanma bölgesi, yaralanmanın tipi, yaranın tekrarlama oranı ve görüntüleme gereksinimi, kaçırılan antrenman/müsabaka sayısı ve fizyoterapi seansları değerlendirilmiştir. Toplam 414 sporcu arasında 194 yaralanma olgusu tespit edilmiştir. En fazla yaralanma hentbol (n=51) ve voleybol (n=51) branşlarında görülmüştür. Yaralanmaların %77’si temassız olarak kaydedilmiştir. En sık etkilenen bölgeler diz (n=43), ayak bileği (n=34) ve omuz (n=34) olmuştur. Toplam fizyoterapi seans sayısı 1853 olup, seans sayısı ile antrenman/maç kaçırma arasında güçlü pozitif ilişki saptanmıştır (r=0.68, p<0.01). Ortalama doğrudan sağlık maliyeti kişi başı 4987 TL olarak hesaplanmıştır. Branşlara göre en yüksek toplam maliyet hentbol (≈570.000 TL) ve basketbol (≈510.000 TL) branşlarında ortaya çıkmıştır. Sporcu-saat başına yaralanma oranı voleybol için 8,5, hentbol için 6,0, atletizm için 0,4 olarak bulunmuştur. Temas yoğunluğu yüksek branşlarda (özellikle hentbol ve basketbol) yaralanma sıklığı ve tedavi maliyetleri belirgin biçimde artmaktadır. Fizyoterapi seansları, toplam maliyetin yaklaşık %65’ini oluşturarak en büyük harcama kalemini teşkil etmektedir. Bulgular, kulüplerin yaralanma önleme programlarına yatırım yapmasının yalnızca performans açısından değil, maliyet-etkinlik bakımından da stratejik bir gereklilik olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmanın, çok branşlı spor kulüplerinde yaralanma profili ve maliyet analizi ilişkisinin bütüncül biçimde incelendiği nadir saha araştırmalarından biri olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için Selçuk Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Etik Kurulunun 27.03.2025 tarih ve 188 sayılı kararı ile etik kurul kararı verilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Asai, K., Nakase, J., Shimozaki, K., Toyooka, K., Kitaoka, K., & Tsuchiya, H. (2020). Incidence of injury in young handball players during national competition: A 6-year survey. Journal of Orthopaedic Science, 25(4), 677-681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2019.06.011
  • Azuma, N., Sugano, T., Shimizu, I., & Kosaka, M. (2019). Injuries associated with Japanese high-school men’s volleyball: a two-yearsurvey and analysis. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 31(8),656-660. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.31.656
  • Barrios, C., Bernardo, N. D., Vera, P., Laíz, C., & Hadala, M. (2015). Changes in sports injuries incidence over time in world-class road cyclists. International Journal Of Sports Medicine, 36(03), 241-248. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1389983
  • Bere, T., Alonso. J. M., Wangensteen, A., Bakken, A., Eirale, C., Dijkstra, H.P., Ahmed, H., Bahr, R., & Popovic, N. (2015). Injury and illness surveillance during the 24th men’s handball world championship 2015 in Qatar. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(17), https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-094972
  • Brown, J.C., Viljoen, W., Lambert, M.I., Readhead, C., Fuller, C., Van Mechelen, W., ve Verhagen, E. (2015). The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(4), 394-399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.06.015
  • Davis, G. A., Purcell, L., Schneider, K. J., Yeates, K. O., Gioia GA, Anderson V, Ellenbogen RG, Echemendia RJ, Makdissi M, Sills A, Iverson GL, Dvo_r_ak J, McCrory P, Meeuwisse W, Patricios J, Giza CC, Kutcher JS. (2017). The child sport concussion assessment tool 5th edition (child SCAT5): background and rationale. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(11), 859-861. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097492
  • de Azevedo Sodré Silva, A., Sassi, L. B., Martins, T. B., de Menezes, F. S., Migliorini, F., Maffulli, N., & Okubo, R. (2023). Epidemiology of injuries in young volleyball athletes: a systematic review. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 18(1), 748. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04224-3
  • DiFiori, J. P., Güllich, A., Brenner, J. S., Côté, J., Hainline, B., Ryan, E 3rd., Malina, R.M. (2018). The NBA and youth basketball: recommendations for promoting a healthy and positive experience. Sports Medicine, 48(9), 2053-2065. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0950-0
  • Drew, M.K. Raysmith, P.C., & Charlton, P. C.(2017). Injuries impair the chance of successful performance by sportspeople: a systematic review British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(16), 1209-1214, https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096731
  • Eliakim, E., Morgulev, E., Lidor, R., & Meckel, Y. (2020). Estimation of injury costs: Financial damage of English Premier League teams’ underachievement due to injuries. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 6(1), e000675. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000675
  • Emery, C. A., Rose, M. S., McAllister, J. R., Meeuwisse, W. H. (2007).A prevention strategy to reduce the incidence of injury in high school basketball: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(1), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1097/jsm.0b013e31802e9c05

Injury Profile and Economic Dimension in Team and Individual Sports: An Exposure- and Cost-Based Analysis

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 168 - 183, 26.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.71416/jhss.1809739

Öz

This study aim to evaluate the healt and financial burden of sports injuries by analyzing the frequency, types, and associated economic costs of injuries in different sports disciplines. Injuries sustanied during the 2024–2025 season in eight sports disciplines affiliated with the Konya Metropolitan Municipality Sports Club (handball, basketball [Turkish Basketball League (TBL), Turkish Basketball Second League (TB2L)], volleyball, judo, wrestling, cycling, and athletics) were retrospectively examined. Data were obtained from the club’s medical unit records. Variables such as injury site, type, recurrence rate, need for imaging, number of missed training sessions/matches, and number of physiotherapy sessions were evaluated. A total of 194 injury cases were identified among 414 athletes. The highest number of injuries occurred in handball (n=51) and volleyball (n=51). Most injuries were recorded as non-contact (77%). The most frequently affected regions were the knee (n=43), ankle (n=34), and shoulder (n=34). The total number of physiotherapy sessions was 1,853, with a strong positive correlation between the number of sessions and the number of missed training sessions/matches (r=0.68, p<0.01). The average direct medical cost per athlete was calculated as 4987 TRY. The highest total costs by discipline were observed in handball (≈570,000 TRY) and basketball (≈510,000 TRY). The injury incidence per athlete-hours was 8.5 for volleyball, 6.0 for handball, and 0.4 for athletics. Injury frequency and treatment costs were significantly higher in contact-intensive sports (handball and basketball). Physiotherapy sessions accounted for approximately 65% of the total cost, representing the largest expenditure item. The findings indicate that investing in injury prevention programs is a strategic necessity not only in terms of athletic performance but also in terms of cost-effectiveness. This study is one of the few field-based investigations that comprehensively examine the relationship between injury profiles and cost analysis in multi-sport clubs.

Etik Beyan

An ethics committee decision was made for this study by the Selçuk University Faculty of Sports Sciences Ethics Committee with the decision numbered 188 and dated 27.03.2025.

Kaynakça

  • Asai, K., Nakase, J., Shimozaki, K., Toyooka, K., Kitaoka, K., & Tsuchiya, H. (2020). Incidence of injury in young handball players during national competition: A 6-year survey. Journal of Orthopaedic Science, 25(4), 677-681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2019.06.011
  • Azuma, N., Sugano, T., Shimizu, I., & Kosaka, M. (2019). Injuries associated with Japanese high-school men’s volleyball: a two-yearsurvey and analysis. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 31(8),656-660. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.31.656
  • Barrios, C., Bernardo, N. D., Vera, P., Laíz, C., & Hadala, M. (2015). Changes in sports injuries incidence over time in world-class road cyclists. International Journal Of Sports Medicine, 36(03), 241-248. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1389983
  • Bere, T., Alonso. J. M., Wangensteen, A., Bakken, A., Eirale, C., Dijkstra, H.P., Ahmed, H., Bahr, R., & Popovic, N. (2015). Injury and illness surveillance during the 24th men’s handball world championship 2015 in Qatar. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(17), https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-094972
  • Brown, J.C., Viljoen, W., Lambert, M.I., Readhead, C., Fuller, C., Van Mechelen, W., ve Verhagen, E. (2015). The economic burden of time-loss injuries to youth players participating in week-long rugby union tournaments. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(4), 394-399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.06.015
  • Davis, G. A., Purcell, L., Schneider, K. J., Yeates, K. O., Gioia GA, Anderson V, Ellenbogen RG, Echemendia RJ, Makdissi M, Sills A, Iverson GL, Dvo_r_ak J, McCrory P, Meeuwisse W, Patricios J, Giza CC, Kutcher JS. (2017). The child sport concussion assessment tool 5th edition (child SCAT5): background and rationale. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(11), 859-861. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097492
  • de Azevedo Sodré Silva, A., Sassi, L. B., Martins, T. B., de Menezes, F. S., Migliorini, F., Maffulli, N., & Okubo, R. (2023). Epidemiology of injuries in young volleyball athletes: a systematic review. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 18(1), 748. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04224-3
  • DiFiori, J. P., Güllich, A., Brenner, J. S., Côté, J., Hainline, B., Ryan, E 3rd., Malina, R.M. (2018). The NBA and youth basketball: recommendations for promoting a healthy and positive experience. Sports Medicine, 48(9), 2053-2065. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0950-0
  • Drew, M.K. Raysmith, P.C., & Charlton, P. C.(2017). Injuries impair the chance of successful performance by sportspeople: a systematic review British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(16), 1209-1214, https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096731
  • Eliakim, E., Morgulev, E., Lidor, R., & Meckel, Y. (2020). Estimation of injury costs: Financial damage of English Premier League teams’ underachievement due to injuries. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 6(1), e000675. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000675
  • Emery, C. A., Rose, M. S., McAllister, J. R., Meeuwisse, W. H. (2007).A prevention strategy to reduce the incidence of injury in high school basketball: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(1), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1097/jsm.0b013e31802e9c05
Toplam 11 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ahmet Bayrak 0000-0001-7854-6407

Mustafa Enli 0009-0007-7408-2554

Osman Doğukan Kürekçi Bu kişi benim 0009-0008-6839-2473

Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi 9 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Bayrak, A., Enli, M., & Kürekçi, O. D. (2025). Takım ve Bireysel Spor Branşlarında Yaralanma Profili ve Ekonomik Boyutu: Maruziyet ve Maliyet Temelli Bir Analiz. Sağlık ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(3), 168-183. https://doi.org/10.71416/jhss.1809739