QISMUT Ülkelerindeki İslami Bankaların Finansal Etkinlik Analizi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 187 - 216, 29.12.2017

İsmail Yıldırım

Öz

Hızlı
büyüyen altı ülke (kısaltması 6 ülkenin baş harflerinden oluşan QISMUT
ülkeleri-Katar, Endonezya, Suudi Arabistan, Malezya, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri,
Türkiye) İslami bankacılık sektörünün küreselleşmesinde önemli bir rol
oynayacaklardır. Halen sektörde geniş entelektüel sermaye ve fon havuzlarına sahip
olan bu ülkeler mevcut ve yeni pazarlardaki büyüme dalgasının lokomotifi olabileceklerdir.
Dünya genelindeki yaklaşık 38 milyon İslami banka müşterisinin üçte ikisi halen
QISMUT ülkelerinde yaşamaktadır.

 

Bu
çalışmada; QISMUT ülkelerinde faaliyet gösteren İslami bankalardan oluşan 55
bankanın mali tablo verilerinden oluşturulmuş göstergeler seti kullanılarak
ölçek etkinliği karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. 2012-2016 dönemi için, Katar’da
faaliyet gösteren 6, Endonezya’da faaliyet gösteren 15, Suudi Arabistan’da
faaliyet gösteren 11, Malezya’da faaliyet gösteren 13, Birleşik Arap
emirliklerinde faaliyet gösteren 7 ve Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren 3 İslami
banka analize dâhil edilmiştir. Etkinliğin ölçülmesinde Veri Zarflama Analizi;
etkinlik değişimleri ve toplam faktör verimlilik değişimi ölçümünde ise
Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimlilik Endeksi kullanılmıştır. QISMUT İslami
bankaların yarısı teknik etkinlik (CCR) değerine sahiptir. Yani QISMUT İslami
bankalarının yarısı sahip oldukları Toplam Varlıklar ile Toplam Özkaynaklarını
etkin olarak kullanamamaktadır. QISMUT ülkelerini bir bütün olarak
değerlendirdiğimizde hiçbir dönem Teknik Etkinlikteki Değişim (EFFCH) 1’in
üzerinde değer almamıştır. QISMUT ülkelerindeki İslami Bankaların üretim
sınırını yakalama etkisinin düşük olduğu görülmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

İslami Bankacılık, Veri Zarflama Analizi, Ölçek Etkinliği, Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimlilik Endeksi

Financial Efficiency Analysis of Islamic Banks in the QISMUT Countries

Öz

Six rapid growth
markets (QISMUT as abbreviated from Qatar, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia,
UAE and Turkey) will play an important role in the globalization of the Islamic
banking industry. Two thirds of the 38 million Islamic bank customers in the
world reside in QISMUT countries. Having a wide pool of intellectual capital
and funds, these countries may well be the drivers of a growth wave in current
and new markets.

 

This study compares the
scale efficiency using a set of indicators generated from the financial
statements of 55 Islamic banks operating in QISMUT countries. 6 Islamic banks
operating in Qatar, 15 in Indonesia, 11 in Saudi Arabia, 13 in Malaysia, 7 in
UAE, and 3 in Turkey were included in the analysis involving the period between
2012 and 2016. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used in the efficiency
measurements while the Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index was used to
measure the total factor productivity change. Half of these QISMUT Islamic
banks meet the technical productivity (CCR) value. In other words, half of
these QISMUT Islamic banks are able to use their Total Assets and Total
Equities efficiently. When QISMUT countries are considered as a whole, it was
found that Technical Efficiency Change (EFFCH) value was never recorded above 1
for any time period. It was found that the Islamic Banks of QISMUT countries
are unlikely to reach their production limit. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Islamic Banking, Data Envelopment Analysis, Scale Efficiency, Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index

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