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ÇİN'DE TÜKETİMİ TEŞVİK İÇİN İSLAMİ FİNANS - BİR ANALİZ

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 66 - 108, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.54863/jief.1583945

Öz

1970'lerden bu yana İslami finans, değişen dünyada başarılarının ve karşılaştığı zorlukların daha yakından değerlendirilmesini gerektirecek şekilde gelişmiştir. Tüketim ve gelir dağılımının yakından bağlantılı olduğu İslami bağlamlarda ekonomik büyüme için hayati önem taşıyan iç tüketime odaklanılmaktadır. Ancak İslami ekonomi modelleri genellikle ana akım yaklaşımları taklit etmekte ve değişen toplumsal değerleri göz ardı etmektedir. İslami tüketici teorisi, özellikle insan arzuları, davranışları ve kaynak kısıtlamaları açısından geleneksel iktisattan farklılık göstermektedir. Bazı İslami iktisatçılar, daha geniş çerçevelerindeki tutarsızlıklara rağmen kıtlık fikrini reddetmektedir. İslam ekonomisi ihtiyaçları üç seviyede sınıflandırır: temel (daruriyat), iyileştirmeler (hajiyat) ve sosyal tanınma (tahsiniyat) bunlar gelişen yaşam standartlarını yansıtır ancak ihtiyaçlardaki temel değişiklikleri yansıtmaz. Tüketim konusunda katı dış standartlar yerine daha öznel, birey temelli bir yaklaşım teşvik edilmektedir.
Çin'in tüketim sorunları İslami finans ilkelerinden faydalanabilir. Yüksek sağlık maliyetleri, demografik değişimlerin yol açtığı tasarruflar ve sosyal hizmetlere sınırlı erişim gibi sorunlar, özellikle yoksullar ve kırsal kesimdeki göçmenler olmak üzere hane halklarını zorlamaktadır. Gerileyen mali politikalar, yerel yönetim açıkları ve yaşlanan nüfus ve düşen emlak değerleri gibi demografik değişiklikler tüketimi daha da baskılamaktadır. Reformlar devam etmekle birlikte eşitsizlik, hukou sistemi ve siyasi direnç nedeniyle engellenmektedir. Maliye politikası, sosyal güvenlik ve arazi haklarını hedefleyen İslami finans uyumlu reformlar tüketimi artırabilir, ancak kurumsal engellerin aşılması kilit önem taşımaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, A. (2010). Global financial crisis: an Islamic finance perspective. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 3(4), 306-320.
  • Al Fathan, R., & Arundina, T. (2019). Finance-growth nexus: Islamic finance development in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 12(5), 698-711.
  • Al-Jarhi, M. A. (2017). An economic theory of Islamic finance. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, 9(2), 117-132.
  • Allen, D., & Prabowo, B. H. (2023). The Negative Impact of Interest Rates on GDP, Consumption and Investment in the UK: Does Islamic Finance Offer a Solution? Tamansiswa Accounting Journal International, 8(1), 49-60.
  • Du, Y., & Wang, M. (2011). Population ageing, domestic consumption and future economic growth in China. Rising China: global challenges and opportunities, 301-314.
  • Farooq, M. O. (2015). Islamic finance and debt culture: treading the conventional path? International Journal of Social Economics, 42(12), 1168-1195.
  • Hassan, M. K., Khan, A., & Paltrinieri, A. (2021). Islamic finance: a literature review. Islamic finance and sustainable development: a sustainable economic framework for Muslim and Non-Muslim countries, 77-106.
  • Karasik, T., Wehrey, F., & Strom, S. (2006). Islamic finance in a global context: Opportunities and challenges. Chi. J. Int'l L., 7, 379. Kassim, S. (2016). Islamic finance and economic growth: The Malaysian experience. Global Finance Journal, 30, 66-76.
  • Liu, J., Murshed, M., Chen, F., Shahbaz, M., Kirikkaleli, D., & Khan, Z. (2021). An empirical analysis of the household consumption-induced carbon emissions in China. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 26, 943-957.
  • Monawer, A. T., Abdul Rahman, N. N., Qasem Al-‎ Nahari, A. A., Haji Abdullah, L., Ali, A. K., & Meguellati, A. (2022). The actualization of maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in Islamic finance: A conceptual framework. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 15(5), 847-864.
  • Sakinah, G., Kasri, R. A., & Nurkholis, N. (2022). Islamic finance and Indonesia's economy: An empirical analysis. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 47-59.
  • Ullah, K., & Aslan, H. (2024). Culture consumption of Islamic economics and finance in Pak-Türkiye. How to Conduct Qualitative Research in Finance, 244-250.
  • Xia, Q., Wu, X., Wu, S., & Ma, X. (2023). Unravelling the effect of domestic and foreign trade on energy use inequality within China. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 113472.
  • Xuan, S., Ge, W., Yang, P., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Exploring digital finance, financial regulations and carbon emission nexus: New insight from resources efficiency, industrial structure and green innovation in China. Resources Policy, 88, 104452.
  • Zhao, H., Fan, X., Bai, Z., Ma, L., Wang, C., Havlík, P., & Chang, J. (2024). Holistic food system innovation strategies can close up to 80% of China’s domestic protein gaps while reducing global environmental impacts. Nature Food, 5(7), 581-591.

ISLAMIC FINANCE FOR STIMULATING CONSUMPTION IN CHINA – AN ANALYSIS

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 66 - 108, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.54863/jief.1583945

Öz

Since the 1970s, Islamic finance has evolved, prompting closer evaluation of its successes and challenges in a changing world. A key focus is on domestic consumption, crucial for economic growth in Islamic contexts where consumption and income distribution are closely linked. However, Islamic economic models often mimic mainstream approaches and overlook shifting societal values. Islamic consumer theory differs from conventional economics, especially regarding human desires, behavior, and resource constraints. Some Islamic economists reject the idea of scarcity, despite inconsistencies in their broader frameworks. Islamic economics classifies needs into three levels—essential (daruriyat), enhancements (hajiyat), and social recognition (tahsiniyat)—which reflect evolving standards of living but not fundamental changes in needs. A more subjective, individual-based approach to consumption is encouraged, rather than rigid external standards.

China’s consumption challenges could benefit from Islamic finance principles. Issues like high healthcare costs, savings driven by demographic shifts, and limited access to social services strain households, particularly the poor and rural migrants. Regressive fiscal policies, local government deficits, and demographic changes such as an ageing population and falling property values further suppress consumption. Although reforms are underway, they are hindered by inequality, the hukou system, and political resistance. Islamic finance-aligned reforms—targeting fiscal policy, social security, and land rights—could enhance consumption, but overcoming institutional barriers remains key.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, A. (2010). Global financial crisis: an Islamic finance perspective. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 3(4), 306-320.
  • Al Fathan, R., & Arundina, T. (2019). Finance-growth nexus: Islamic finance development in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 12(5), 698-711.
  • Al-Jarhi, M. A. (2017). An economic theory of Islamic finance. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, 9(2), 117-132.
  • Allen, D., & Prabowo, B. H. (2023). The Negative Impact of Interest Rates on GDP, Consumption and Investment in the UK: Does Islamic Finance Offer a Solution? Tamansiswa Accounting Journal International, 8(1), 49-60.
  • Du, Y., & Wang, M. (2011). Population ageing, domestic consumption and future economic growth in China. Rising China: global challenges and opportunities, 301-314.
  • Farooq, M. O. (2015). Islamic finance and debt culture: treading the conventional path? International Journal of Social Economics, 42(12), 1168-1195.
  • Hassan, M. K., Khan, A., & Paltrinieri, A. (2021). Islamic finance: a literature review. Islamic finance and sustainable development: a sustainable economic framework for Muslim and Non-Muslim countries, 77-106.
  • Karasik, T., Wehrey, F., & Strom, S. (2006). Islamic finance in a global context: Opportunities and challenges. Chi. J. Int'l L., 7, 379. Kassim, S. (2016). Islamic finance and economic growth: The Malaysian experience. Global Finance Journal, 30, 66-76.
  • Liu, J., Murshed, M., Chen, F., Shahbaz, M., Kirikkaleli, D., & Khan, Z. (2021). An empirical analysis of the household consumption-induced carbon emissions in China. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 26, 943-957.
  • Monawer, A. T., Abdul Rahman, N. N., Qasem Al-‎ Nahari, A. A., Haji Abdullah, L., Ali, A. K., & Meguellati, A. (2022). The actualization of maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in Islamic finance: A conceptual framework. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 15(5), 847-864.
  • Sakinah, G., Kasri, R. A., & Nurkholis, N. (2022). Islamic finance and Indonesia's economy: An empirical analysis. Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 47-59.
  • Ullah, K., & Aslan, H. (2024). Culture consumption of Islamic economics and finance in Pak-Türkiye. How to Conduct Qualitative Research in Finance, 244-250.
  • Xia, Q., Wu, X., Wu, S., & Ma, X. (2023). Unravelling the effect of domestic and foreign trade on energy use inequality within China. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 113472.
  • Xuan, S., Ge, W., Yang, P., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Exploring digital finance, financial regulations and carbon emission nexus: New insight from resources efficiency, industrial structure and green innovation in China. Resources Policy, 88, 104452.
  • Zhao, H., Fan, X., Bai, Z., Ma, L., Wang, C., Havlík, P., & Chang, J. (2024). Holistic food system innovation strategies can close up to 80% of China’s domestic protein gaps while reducing global environmental impacts. Nature Food, 5(7), 581-591.
Toplam 15 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ekonomi Teorisi (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Klemens Katterbauer 0000-0001-5513-4418

Hassan Syed 0000-0003-2114-2473

Rahmi Deniz Özbay 0000-0002-3927-8216

Sema Yılmaz 0000-0002-3138-1622

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 6 Mart 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Katterbauer, K., Syed, H., Özbay, R. D., Yılmaz, S. (2025). ISLAMIC FINANCE FOR STIMULATING CONSUMPTION IN CHINA – AN ANALYSIS. İslam Ekonomisi Ve Finansı Dergisi (İEFD), 11(1), 66-108. https://doi.org/10.54863/jief.1583945