TAŞIMACILIĞIN GELECEĞİ: AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK VE YENİLİKÇİ POLİTİKALAR

Öz

Karayolu taşımacılığı, ekonomik büyümeye önemli katkılar sağlarken, çevresel sürdürülebilirlik açısından ciddi sorunlara yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinde karayolu taşımacılığının çevresel ve ekonomik etkilerini sürdürülebilir kalkınma çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Çalışma, teorik çerçeve, literatür incelemesi ve veri analizi olmak üzere üç aşamadan oluşmaktadır. Teorik kısımda, taşıma sistemlerinin çevresel etkileri ve ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik ele alınmıştır. Literatür incelemesi, mevcut araştırmalardan elde edilen bulguların değerlendirilmesini içermektedir. Eurostat verileri kullanılarak yapılan analizlerde, karayolu taşımacılığının sera gazı emisyonları, enerji tüketimi ve ekonomik katkıları grafiksel olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, fosil yakıtların hâlâ yaygın olarak kullanıldığını, ancak bazı ülkelerde yenilenebilir enerjiye geçiş ve elektrikli araçların yaygınlaşmasının olumlu etkiler yarattığını göstermektedir. Ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik açısından, çevresel vergilerin ülkeler arasında farklılık gösterdiği ve çevre koruma yatırımlarının ekonomik büyümeyi desteklediği görülmüştür. Çalışma, karayolu taşımacılığının sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerine uygun hâle getirilmesi için politika önerileri sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karayolu Taşımacılığı
• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma
• Ekonomik Sürdürülebilirlik
• Sera Gazı Emisyonları

THE FUTURE OF TRANSPORT: SUSTAINABILITY AND INNOVATIVE POLICIES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

Öz

While road transportation contributes significantly to economic growth, it causes serious problems in terms of environmental sustainability. This study examines the environmental and economic impacts of road transportation in European Union countries within the framework of sustainable development. The study consists of three stages: theoretical framework, literature review and data analysis. In the theoretical part, the environmental impacts of transportation systems and economic sustainability are discussed. The literature review includes the evaluation of the findings from existing research. In the analysis using Eurostat data, greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and economic contributions of road transport are analyzed graphically. The results show that fossil fuels are still widely used, but the transition to renewable energy and the spread of electric vehicles in some countries have had positive effects. In terms of economic sustainability, environmental taxes vary across countries and investments in environmental protection support economic growth. The study provides policy recommendations for aligning road transport with sustainable development goals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Road Transportation
• Sustainable Development
• Economic Sustainability
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Kaynakça

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