Yurtiçi Tasarrufları Belirleyen Faktörler ve Türkiye İçin Bir Değerlendirme (1990-2016)

Öz

Tasarruflar, ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınmanın motoru olan yatırımların en temel finansman kaynağı olduğundan, ülke ekonomileri için son derece önemlidir. Ancak, Türkiye’de 2000’li yılların başlarından itibaren gerek toplam tasarruflar gerekse hanehalkı tasarrufları sürekli düşüş göstermektedir. Tasarruflardaki bu düşüşün arkasındaki nedenleri ve tasarrufları belirleyen faktörleri anlamak önemlidir. Bu çalışma tasarrufların belirleyicilerini inceleyen araştırmalara odaklanarak, makro ve mikro düzeyde Türkiye’de tasarrufları belirleyen faktörleri incelemiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda makro düzeyde tasarrufları gelir, ekonomik büyüme, enflasyon, reel faiz haddi, kamu tasarruf oranı, özel sektöre verilen kredilerin GSYH içindeki payı, finansal gelişmişlik, bağımlılık oranı, cari açık, dış ticaret haddi, kadınların işgücüne katılım oranı; mikro düzeyde ise gelir, yaş ve eğitim düzeyi, hanehalkı büyüklüğü, sosyal güvenlik kurumuna kayıtlı olma, işteki istihdam durumu, kır ya da kentte yaşama, ev-araba sahibi olma durumu Türkiye’de tasarrufları belirleyen faktörler olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Türkiye’de tasarrufların belirleyicilerini anlamak, tasarrufu etkili bir şekilde teşvik eden araçların ve politikaların tasarlanmasına ve uygulanmasına yardımcı olacaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tasarruf,Türkiye

Factors Which Determine Domestic Savings and an Assessment For Turkey (1990-2016)

Öz

Savings are of high importance for the countries’ economies as they are fundamental financing sources of investments which are the engine of economic growth and development. However; both total savings and household savings have been indicating a constant decrease in Turkey from the beginning of 2000s. It is important to comprehend the reasons lying behind this decrease in the savings as well as factors which determine the savings. This study analyzes factors which determine savings in Turkey in micro and macro level by focusing on determinants of the savings. Study results suggest that factors which determine savings in Turkey in macro level are income, economic growth, inflation, real interest rate, public saving rate, share of credits provided to private sector in GDP in macro level, financial development, dependency rate, current deficit, foreign trade rate, participation of women while factors which determine savings in Turkey in micro level are income, age and education level, household size, registration in social security institution, employment status, living in rural or urban areas, ownership of house-car. Understanding the determinants of savings in Turkey will help the design and implementation of instruments and policies which encourage the savings efficiently. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Saving,Turkey

Kaynakça

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