Yurtiçi Tasarrufları Belirleyen Faktörler ve Türkiye İçin Bir Değerlendirme (1990-2016)

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 39 - 57, 01.12.2016

Serap Barış

Öz

Tasarruflar, ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınmanın motoru olan yatırımların en temel finansman kaynağı olduğundan,
ülke ekonomileri için son derece önemlidir. Ancak, Türkiye’de 2000’li yılların başlarından itibaren gerek toplam tasarruflar
gerekse hanehalkı tasarrufları sürekli düşüş göstermektedir. Tasarruflardaki bu düşüşün arkasındaki nedenleri ve
tasarrufları belirleyen faktörleri anlamak önemlidir. Bu çalışma tasarrufların belirleyicilerini inceleyen araştırmalara
odaklanarak, makro ve mikro düzeyde Türkiye’de tasarrufları belirleyen faktörleri incelemiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda
makro düzeyde tasarrufları gelir, ekonomik büyüme, enflasyon, reel faiz haddi, kamu tasarruf oranı, özel sektöre verilen
kredilerin GSYH içindeki payı, finansal gelişmişlik, bağımlılık oranı, cari açık, dış ticaret haddi, kadınların işgücüne katılım
oranı; mikro düzeyde ise gelir, yaş ve eğitim düzeyi, hanehalkı büyüklüğü, sosyal güvenlik kurumuna kayıtlı olma, işteki
istihdam durumu, kır ya da kentte yaşama, ev-araba sahibi olma durumu Türkiye’de tasarrufları belirleyen faktörler olarak
öne çıkmaktadır. Türkiye’de tasarrufların belirleyicilerini anlamak, tasarrufu etkili bir şekilde teşvik eden araçların ve
politikaların tasarlanmasına ve uygulanmasına yardımcı olacaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tasarruf, Türkiye

Factors Which Determine Domestic Savings and an Assessment For Turkey (1990-2016)

Öz

Savings are of high importance for the countries’ economies as they are fundamental financing sources of
investments which are the engine of economic growth and development. However; both total savings and household savings
have been indicating a constant decrease in Turkey from the beginning of 2000s. It is important to comprehend the reasons
lying behind this decrease in the savings as well as factors which determine the savings. This study analyzes factors which
determine savings in Turkey in micro and macro level by focusing on determinants of the savings. Study results suggest that
factors which determine savings in Turkey in macro level are income, economic growth, inflation, real interest rate, public
saving rate, share of credits provided to private sector in GDP in macro level, financial development, dependency rate,
current deficit, foreign trade rate, participation of women while factors which determine savings in Turkey in micro level are
income, age and education level, household size, registration in social security institution, employment status, living in rural
or urban areas, ownership of house-car. Understanding the determinants of savings in Turkey will help the design and
implementation of instruments and policies which encourage the savings efficiently. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Saving, Turkey

Kaynakça

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