Vehicle-to-Everything Communications Standard Selection Under Different Intelligent Transportation Scenarios with Artificial Learning

Öz

It has become important to develop different standards for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications concept with the increase in studies on intelligent transportation systems in recent years. In this direction, organizations such as 3GPP, which leads 5th Generation (5G) communications, and IEEE, which leads Wi-Fi communications, have developed different V2X standards. There are various studies showing that these two critical standards may have advantages over each other in different scenarios. With the proposed method, which of 3GPP and IEEE standards will be more advantageous under different conditions is determined by artificial learning techniques and appropriate V2X standard is selected automatically. In this context, it is assumed that there is related equipment for each of the two standards in the vehicle and its environmental systems. For this purpose, a new artificial dataset was created, and various artificial learning models were trained using K-nearest neighbor, decision tree, artificial neural network and TabNet classifiers. In addition, hyperparameter optimization was performed with cross validation. With the TabNet classifier, the accuracy value and the weighted F1 score were obtained as 0.88. When all these studies are considered together, it has been seen that a significant contribution to the literature has been made by conducting a novel study on V2X communications. It is thought that the developed artificial learning based V2X standard selection method can be integrated into vehicles under intelligent transportation systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Intelligent Transportation
• Vehicle-to-Everything Communications
• TabNet
• Artificial Learning
• 5G

Yapay Öğrenme ile Farklı Akıllı Ulaşım Senaryoları Altında Araçtan Her Şeye Haberleşme Standardı Seçimi

Öz

Akıllı ulaşım sistemlerine yönelik çalışmaların son yıllarda artmasıyla birlikte araçtan her şeye (V2X) haberleşme konsepti için farklı standartların geliştirilmesi önem kazanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda 5. Nesil (5G) haberleşmesine yön veren 3GPP ve Wi-Fi haberleşmesine yön veren IEEE gibi organizasyonlar farklı V2X standartları geliştirmişlerdir. Farklı senaryolarda bu iki kritik standardın birbirlerine karşı üstünlükleri olabileceğini gösteren çeşitli çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Önerilen yöntem ile birlikte farklı şartlar altında 3GPP ve IEEE standartlarından hangisinin kullanılmasının daha avantajlı olacağı yapay öğrenme teknikleri ile belirlenmekte ve uygun V2X standardı otomatik olarak seçtirilmektedir. Bu kapsamda araçta ve çevre sistemlerinde her iki standartla ilişkili donanımların bulunduğu varsayılmaktadır. Bu amaca yönelik yeni bir yapay veri seti oluşturulmuş ve K-en yakın komşu, karar ağacı, yapay sinir ağı ile TabNet sınıflandırıcıları kullanılarak çeşitli yapay öğrenme modelleri eğitilmiştir. Ayrıca çapraz doğrulama ile hiperparametre optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. TabNet sınıflandırıcısı ile doğruluk değeri ve ağırlıklı F1 skoru 0.88 olarak elde edilmiştir. Tüm bu çalışmalar beraber ele alındığında, V2X haberleşmesine yönelik özgün bir çalışma yapılarak literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlandığı görülmüştür. Geliştirilen yapay öğrenme tabanlı V2X standardı seçtirme yönteminin akıllı ulaşım sistemleri altındaki araçlara entegre edilebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 5G
• Akıllı Ulaşım
• Araçtan Her Şeye Haberleşme
• Yapay Öğrenme
• TabNet

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