Geleceğin Ulaşım Tercihi: Elektrikli Araçlar

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 34 - 50, 23.04.2020

Harun Özbay , Cemil Közkurt , Adem Dalcalı , Mehmet Tektaş

Öz

Fosil yakıtlar, ulaşım sektörü başta olmak üzere birçok uygulamada birincil enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu yakıtlara bir alternatif olarak düşünülen yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı ise gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Ulaşım sektöründe de benzer etkiyi içten yanmalı motorların yerine alternatif olarak düşünülen elektrikli araçların (EA) kullanımı almaktadır. Bu amaçla, çalışmada öncelikle fosil yakıtların mevcut kullanım durumu, gelecek projeksiyonu ve doğaya etkisi özetlenmiştir. Daha sonra, klasik tip içten yanmalı araç teknolojisinin gelişimi, özellikleri ve verimleri ayrıntılı şekilde sunulmuştur. Elektrikli araçların tarihsel gelişimi incelenerek, mevcut durumda kullanılan tümü elektrikli, hibrit elektrikli ve yakıt hücreli EA’ların yapıları avantajları ve dezavantajları karşılaştırmalı olarak verilmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışmada EA’larda kullanılan batarya teknolojileri ve elektrik motor çeşitleri ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Son olarak, içten yanmalı ve elektrikli araçlar çevresel etki, enerji verimliliği, menzil ve seyir dinamikleri yönünden karşılaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Elektrikli araçlar, İçten yanmalı araçlar, Hibrit elektrikli araçlar

Kaynakça

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