Standardization of process for increased production of pure and potent tetanus toxin

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 03, 133 - 140, 01.09.2013

Chellamani Muniandi Premkumar Lakshmanan Kavaratty Raju Mani Subashkumar Rathinasamy

https://doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.02.2013.03.0096

Cited By: 1

Öz

Objectives: The aim of the study was to increase the yield of tetanus toxin in short time fermentor cultivation and also to produce pure and potent tetanus toxin replacing initial nitrogen source (N.Z Case) with papain digest broth in the modified Mueller Miller medium (MMMM). Materials and Methods: A fermentor, using a vibromixer and optimum supply of sterile air to the headspace of the fermentor to flush out the accumulated gases was used. The MMMM containing initial N.Z Case was replaced with papain digest broth was used successfully. Results: It was found that under optimal conditions of temperature, vibromixing, surface aeration, and an alkaline pH favored toxin release. Furthermore, to enhance the production volume, fermentor culture is more suitable. The tetanus toxin was produced with good Limes flocculation (Lf) titre and high antigenic purity. A significant increase in the tetanus toxin yield in short time cultivation (about 5 to 6 days against 8 days) was noticed even with MMMM containing papain digest broth instead of N.Z.Case. Conclusion: For large-scale production of puri¬fied and potent (antigenic purity) tetanus toxin, the use of fermentor technology can be utilized under optimal conditions. The production medium using indigenously available ingredients containing high level of aminonitrogen as in the case of PDM can be substi¬tuted in place of N.Z Case, which is being imported and expensive, in addition to lot-lot variation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Clostridium tetani, modified mueller miller medium, papain digest, limes flocculation

Standardization of process for increased production of pure and potent tetanus toxin

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı nitrojen kaynağı papain digest broth içeren N. Z Case yerine modifiye Mueller Miller medium (MMMM) kullanarak tetanoz toksin üretiminin artırılabileceğini göstermektir.Yöntemler: Clostridium tetani’nin sabit pot kültürü metodu bir vibromikser ve fermentör boşluğuna steril hava sağlayan düzenek kullanılarak fermentörde kültüre edilmesi esasına dayanan daldırma kültürü metodu ile değiştirildi.Bulgular: Isı, vibromiksing, yüzey havalandırması ve alkalin pH’nın optimmal şartlarının sağlanması ile toksin salınımı sağlandı. Ek olarak üreme hacminin arttırılmasında fermentör kültürü daha uygun idi. Üretilen tetanoz toksininin Limes flokülasyon (Lf) titresi iyi ve yüksek antjienik saflığa sahip idi. Tetanoz toksin üretiminde N. Z Case yerine modifiye Mueller Miller medium (MMMM) kullanarak kısa süreli kültivasyonla (8 güne karşılık 5-6 gün) belirgin artış sağlandı.Sonuç: Büyük miktarlarda saf ve potent (saf antijenik) tetano toksin üretimi için optimal şartlarda fermentor teknolojisi kullanılabilir. Saf ve potent tetanoz toksini eldesi için N.Z Case yerine papain dijest broth besiyerinin kullanılabileceğini düşünmekteyiz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Clostridium tetani, modifiye mueller miller besiyeri, papain dijest, limes flokülasyon

Kaynakça

• WHO. Global program for vaccines and immunization. WHO 1998; GPV/98.07.
• Galazka AM. The immunologic basis for immunization. Teta- nus. Geneva, WHO 1991; EPI/GEN/91.13.
• Mueller JH, Miller PA. Variable factors influencing the produc- tion of tetanus toxin. J Bacteriol 1954;67:271-277.
• Sorensen SPL. I: Über die quantitative Messung proteolytisch- er Spaltungen, Die Formoltitrierung. Enzymstudien. Biochem Z 1908; 7:45-48. (Artice in German)
• WHO: Training manual for the production and control of teta- nus vaccine. WHO 1994; VSQ/GEN/94.1.
• Stainer DW. Separation of bovine sensitizing material from papain digest of beef broth. Can J Microbiol 1967;13:1001- 1008.
• Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA. Tetanus toxoid, 3rd edition, Vac- cines 1999:441-474.
• Thomson RO. A semi-continuous method for the large-scale production of tetanus toxin. Nature 1957;180:1126.
• WHO: Requirements for tetanus vaccine (adsorbed).WHO 1990; Tech Rep Series 800:109-126.
• Latham WC, Bent DF, Levine L. Tetanus toxin production in the absence of protein. Appl Microbiol 1962;10:146-152.