Öz
Objective: International migration is an increasingly important aspect of global, regional and national economies. The rapid spread of HIV among communities, states and continents, is the evidence of the link between population and growth-moving epidemic. The purpose of this study is to describe the role of immigration in the spread of HIV within the territory of the Albanian Republic. Methods: We have used the database from the Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania and also, the medical records analysis at the Ambulatory Clinic of the Infectious Diseases in University Hospital Center “Mother Teresa”, Tirana, Albania. In this paper are used data records from 1993 to 2012. Results: A total of 575 cases were studied; 215 (37.4%) of these cases refer to have been infected in countries where the infected people were immigrant, and 360 (62.6%) refer to have been infected in Albania. Among the immigrants most of the infected were males (199 patients, 92.5%), with an average age of 42.5 years old.
Conclusion: Immigration is a dominant factor in the spread of HIV disease in Albania. Sexual transmission presumably predominates in majority of the cases; most of the infected immigrants come from Greece and Italy. The high rates of HIV among immigration need for more accurate epidemiologic data along with appropriate HIV service programs. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2015;5(3): 110-113
Key words: Immigration, HIV/AIDS, public health, risk factors
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Dougan S, Payne LJ, Brown AE, et al. Black Caribbean adults with HIV in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: an emerging epidemic? Sex Transm Infect. 2004;80:18-23.
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. (2010)
- HIV testing: increasing uptake and effectiveness in the European
- Union. 23 July 2013. http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/101129_GUI_HIV_testing.pdf
- Institute of Statistics and International Organization for Migration
- Albania, research report: Return Migration and Reintegration in Albania 2013.
- Spiegel PB, Schilperoord M, Dahab M. High-risk sex and displacement among refugees and surrounding populations in
- countries: the need for integrating interventions. AIDS 2014,13;28:761-771.
- Weine SM, Kashuba AB. Labor Migration and HIV Risk: A Systematic Review of the Literature. AIDS Behav 2012;16:1605-1621
- Dias S, Marques A, Gama A, et al. HIV Risky Sexual Behaviors
- and HIV Infection Among Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lisbon, Portugal. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014;11:8552-8566;
- Dosekun O, Fox J. An overview of the relative risks of different
- sexual behaviours on HIV transmission. Curr. Opin. HIVAIDS 2010;5:291-297.
- Tuan NA, Fylkesnes K, Thang BD, et al. Human immunodeficiency
- virus (HIV) infection patterns and risk behaviours in different population groups and provinces in Viet Nam. Bull. World Health Organ. 2007;85:35-41.
- International Organization for Migration Albania 2006: The
- return of irregular migrants Albania: An assessment of case processing, reception and return needs and modalities.
- Rene LF, Genao AB, Mori SE. Population mobility and HIV/
- AIDS in Central America and Mexico. Rev Panam Salud Publica
- ;36:143-149.
- Magis RC, Gayet C, Negroni M, et al. Migration and AIDS in
- Mexico: an overview based on recent evidence. J Acquir Immune
- Defic Syndr 2004;1;37:215-226.
- Pokrovskiy V. HIV epidemic in Russia and neighbouring
- countries. J Int AIDS Soc 2014 2;17:195-202.
- Sanchez MA, Hernández MT, Hanson JE, et al. The effect of migration on HIV high-risk behaviors among Mexican migrants.
- J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2012;61:610-617.
- Schlagenhauf P, Weld L, Goorhuis A, et al. Travel-associated
- infection presenting in Europe (2008-12): an analysis of Euro Trav Net longitudinal, surveillance data, and evaluation of the effect of the pre-travel consultation. Lancet Infec Dis 2015;15:55-64.
Öz
Amaç: Uluslararası göç; küresel, bölgesel ve milli ekonomiler için gittikçe önemi artan bir konudur. HIV’in topluluklarda, devletlerde ve kıtalarda hızlı yayılması nüfusla göç arasındaki ilişkinin göstergesidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Arnavutluk’ta göçün HIV yayılımındaki rolünü açıklamaktır.Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada Tiran’daki Arnavutluk Halk Sağlığı Enstitüsü veri tabanını ve gene Tiran’da bulunan Üniversite Hastanesi “Nene Teresa” Merkezi Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Polikliniği kayıtlarının analizlerini kullandık. Bu çalışma 1993’den 2012’ye kadar olan kayıtları ihtiva etmektedir.Bulgular: Toplam olarak 575 vaka çalışıldı, bu enfekte kişilerden 215’i (%37,4) göçmendi ve geri kalan 360’ı (%62,6) Arnavutluk’ta enfekte olmuştu. Enfekte olan göçmenlerin çoğu erkekti (199 hasta, %92,5) ve yaş ortalamaları 42,5 yıldı.Sonuç: HIV hastalığının Arnavutluk’ta yayılmasında göç baskın faktördür. Olguların çoğunluğunda cinsel ilişki muhtemelen bulaşma nedenidir ve enfekte göçmenlerin büyük çoğunluğu Yunanistan ve İtalya’dan gelmektedir. Göçmenler arasındaki yüksek HIV sıklığı daha kesin epidemiyolojik verilere ve uygun HIV hizmet programlarına olan ihtiyacı göstermektedir
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Dougan S, Payne LJ, Brown AE, et al. Black Caribbean adults with HIV in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: an emerging epidemic? Sex Transm Infect. 2004;80:18-23.
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. (2010)
- HIV testing: increasing uptake and effectiveness in the European
- Union. 23 July 2013. http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/101129_GUI_HIV_testing.pdf
- Institute of Statistics and International Organization for Migration
- Albania, research report: Return Migration and Reintegration in Albania 2013.
- Spiegel PB, Schilperoord M, Dahab M. High-risk sex and displacement among refugees and surrounding populations in
- countries: the need for integrating interventions. AIDS 2014,13;28:761-771.
- Weine SM, Kashuba AB. Labor Migration and HIV Risk: A Systematic Review of the Literature. AIDS Behav 2012;16:1605-1621
- Dias S, Marques A, Gama A, et al. HIV Risky Sexual Behaviors
- and HIV Infection Among Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lisbon, Portugal. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014;11:8552-8566;
- Dosekun O, Fox J. An overview of the relative risks of different
- sexual behaviours on HIV transmission. Curr. Opin. HIVAIDS 2010;5:291-297.
- Tuan NA, Fylkesnes K, Thang BD, et al. Human immunodeficiency
- virus (HIV) infection patterns and risk behaviours in different population groups and provinces in Viet Nam. Bull. World Health Organ. 2007;85:35-41.
- International Organization for Migration Albania 2006: The
- return of irregular migrants Albania: An assessment of case processing, reception and return needs and modalities.
- Rene LF, Genao AB, Mori SE. Population mobility and HIV/
- AIDS in Central America and Mexico. Rev Panam Salud Publica
- ;36:143-149.
- Magis RC, Gayet C, Negroni M, et al. Migration and AIDS in
- Mexico: an overview based on recent evidence. J Acquir Immune
- Defic Syndr 2004;1;37:215-226.
- Pokrovskiy V. HIV epidemic in Russia and neighbouring
- countries. J Int AIDS Soc 2014 2;17:195-202.
- Sanchez MA, Hernández MT, Hanson JE, et al. The effect of migration on HIV high-risk behaviors among Mexican migrants.
- J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2012;61:610-617.
- Schlagenhauf P, Weld L, Goorhuis A, et al. Travel-associated
- infection presenting in Europe (2008-12): an analysis of Euro Trav Net longitudinal, surveillance data, and evaluation of the effect of the pre-travel consultation. Lancet Infec Dis 2015;15:55-64.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Kısa Rapor |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 6 Şubat 2016 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2015 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3 |