Çift Sargılı IPM Makinaların Çalışma Modları ve Geçici Halleri Üzerine Sayısal İncelemeler

Öz

Bu makale, 2010 Toyota Prius gömülü tip kalıcı mıknatıslı makina spesifikasyonları kullanılarak tasarlanan çift sargılı gömülü tip kalıcı mıknatıslı (DWIPM) bir makinenin akı zayıflaması özelliklerini ve geçici hal tepkisini incelemektedir. Ana akıyı ayarlamak için, çift sargılar ayrı aynı invertörler tarafından beslenir. Böylece, yüksek hız gereksinimleri için önemli ölçüde yüksek moment, invertörlerden birinin açık devre yapılmasıyla kolayca elde edilebilir. DWIPM makinesinin, normal sürüş veya invertörlerden birinin devre dışı bırakılması sırasında meydana gelen moment ve akım darbeleri dahil olmak üzere geçici tepkisi de farklı çalışma modları için incelenmiştir. Önerilen DWIPM makinesinin akı zayıflatıcı performans özellikleri, çift sargılı topolojinin avantajlarını ve dezavantajlarını vurgulamak için tek beslemeli muadili ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmada, kararlı hal performans karakteristikleri, moment/hız ve güç/hız eğrileri, verimlilik haritaları, makine geçici tepkisi, faz başına çeşitli dönüş sayıları ve akım genlikleri ile farklı makine tasarım seçenekleri ve çift sargılar arasındaki elektromanyetik kuplajın önemi, gibi önemli konular ele alınmıştır. Geçici ve kararlı durum analizleri için iki böyutlu, doğrusal olmayan, zaman adımlı sonlu elemanlar yöntemi (FEM) kullanılmıştır. Önerilen DWIPM makinasının, özellikle sabit güç bölgesinde yüksek güç ve sabit tork bölgesinde yüksek verim ve çalışma modu değişimi sırasında meydana gelen oldukça düşük akım ve moment titreşimleri olmak üzere önemli ölçüde geliştirilmiş akı zayıflama özellikleri gösterdiği ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akı zayıflatan
• gömülü tip kalıcı mıknatıslı makine
• çift sargılı topoloji
• elektrikli taşıt uygulaması
• geçici hal tepki.

Numerical Investigations on Operation Modes and Transients of IPM Machines with Dual Windings

Abstract

This paper investigates the flux-weakening characteristics and transient response of a dual winding interior permanent magnet (DWIPM) machine designed using the 2010 Toyota Prius IPM Machine specifications. In order to thoroughly adjust the main flux, dual windings are fed by separate identical inverters. Thus, significantly high-torque for high-speed requirements can be simply achieved by making one of the inverters open-circuited. Transient response of the DWIPM machine, including torque and current pulsations, occurring during normal drive or deactivation of one of the inverters has also been investigated for different operation modes. The flux-weakening performance characteristics of the proposed DWIPM machine have been compared with those of its single-fed counterpart in order to highlight the benefits and drawbacks of the dual-winding topology. The steady-state performance characteristics, torque/speed and power/speed curves, efficiency maps, machine transient response, different machine design options with various numbers of turns per phase and current amplitudes, and the importance of the electromagnetic coupling between dual windings have all been addressed. For transient and steady-state analyses, 2D, nonlinear, time-stepping finite element method (FEM) has been employed. It has been revealed that the proposed DWIPM machine exhibit significantly improved flux-weakening characteristics, particularly high-power at constant power region and high efficiency at constant torque region, and quite low current and torque pulsations occurring during operation mode change.

Keywords

• Flux-weakening
• interior permanent magnet machine
• dual winding topology
• traction application
• transient response.

Kaynakça

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