Determining the optimum amount of incentive for using a ground source heat pump as an alternative to the natural gas system in space heating applications

Abstract

Turkey is one of the rare countries that have different climatic zones. In addition to the frigid regions, there are also regions with a temperate climate. This diversity also limits the use of a uniform method in conditioning applications. While conventional electric heaters are often sufficient for heating applications in the provinces located in the south, natural gas is used extensively in other regions. On the other hand, ground-source heat pumps have started to be used as alternative conditioning systems worldwide. However, the initial setup costs of these systems limit their use considerably. However, the problems experienced in energy supply in recent years, especially in the natural gas supply in the European region, have reached severe dimensions. In this context, in this study, ground source heat pumps and natural gas systems were compared, and techno-economic analyzes were carried out in heating applications. With the results obtained, the optimum amount of incentives to be provided by the state to ensure the widespread use of these systems has been determined. Although it is foreseen that approximately 65% incentives are required according to the current situation, this rate drops to 36.8% when the natural gas unit price increases in the European region are taken into account.

Keywords

• Ground source heat pump systems
• Natural gas
• Cost analysis
• Cold climates
• Life cycle cost

Alan ısıtma uygulamalarında toprak kaynaklı ısı pompasının doğalgaz sistemine alternatif olarak değerlendirilebilmesi için optimum teşvik miktarının belirlenmesi

Öz

Türkiye farklı iklim kuşaklarını içinde barından nadir ülkelerden biridir. Oldukça soğuk bölgelerinin yanında ılıman iklim gösteren bölgeleri de bulunmaktadır. Bu çeşitlilik iklimlendirme uygulamalarında tek tip bir yöntem kullanılmasını da sınırlamaktadır. Güneyinde yer alan illerde ısıtma uygulamalarında çoğu zaman geleneksel elektrikli ısıtıcılar yeterli olurken, diğer bölgelerde yoğun olarak doğalgaz kullanılmaktadır. Diğer taraftan toprak kaynaklı ısı pompaları dünyada alternatif iklimlendirme sistemleri olarak kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Fakat bu sistemlerin ilk kurulum maliyetleri kullanımını oldukça sınırlamaktadır. Fakat son yıllarda enerji arzında yaşanan sorunlar özellikle de Avrupa bölgesindeki doğalgaz arzındaki sıkıntılar ciddi boyutlara ulaşmıştır. Bu kapsamda, bu çalışmada ısıtma uygulamalarında toprak kaynaklı ısı pompası ile doğalgaz sistemi karşılaştırılmış ve tekno-ekonomik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar ile de bu sistemlerin yaygın kullanımı sağlamak için devlet tarafından sağlanması gereken optimum teşvik miktarları belirlenmiştir. Mevcut duruma göre yaklaşık %65 oranında teşvik gerektiği öngörülse de Avrupa bölgesindeki doğalgaz birim fiyat artışları göz önüne alındığında bu oran %36,8’e kadar düşmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Toprak kaynaklı ısı pompası sistemleri
• Doğalgaz
• Maliyet analizi
• Soğuk iklimler
• Yaşam döngüsü maliyeti

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