Farklı yöntemlerle üretilen orta entropili alaşımlarda grafen takviyesinin borlamaya etkisi

Öz

Gelişen teknoloji ile beraber geleneksel malzemelerin endüstrinin ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada yetersiz kalması ile yeni malzeme üretimi ve geliştirilmesi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar yoğunluk kazanmaktadır. Geleneksel çeliklere alternatif olarakta düşük, orta ve yüksek entropili alaşımlar ve nano malzemelerin kullanımı son dönemde en uygun çözümler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çözümlerden hareketle, bu çalışmada farklı yöntemlerle üretilen, yumuşak manyetik alaşım olarak nitelendirilen FeCo alaşımına, nano partiküllü takviye malzemesinin kutu borlamada borür tabaka yapısına olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Öncelikle, %2 ve %4 oranlarında grafen takviye edilmiş, orta entropili FeCo alaşımı, ergitme döküm ve toz metalurji yöntemleri olmak üzere 2 farklı yöntemle üretilmiştir. Daha sonra, 2 farklı yöntemlede üretilen MEA’lar 1073 K sıcaklık ve 2 saat süre ile kutu borlama işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Hem üretilen MEA’larla beraber hemde borlanan MEA’ların borür tabakaları karakterize edilmiştir. Ergitme döküm yöntemi ile üretilen alaşımların mikroyapısı çoklu faz yapısına sahipken, toz metalurjisi ile üretilen alaşımlarda tekli faz yapısı hakimdir. Grafen takviyesinin artışı ile ergitme döküm yöntemi kullanılan alaşımlarda dentritik yapı eğilimi artmakta iken, toz metalurjisi kullanılan alaşımlarda ise çatlak oluşumunda artış olmaktadır. Her iki yöntemlede üretilen alaşımların XRD desen analizine göre, alaşımların ana piklerinde CoFe fazına ait pikler tespit edilmiştir. Alaşımların mikrosertliği 258 HV0.05 ile 314 HV0.05 arasında değimektedir. Kutu borlama ile elde edilen borür tabaka yapılarında geçiş bölgesi oluşmamış, kolonsol şekilde ve testere dişi görünümündedir. Borür tabaka kalınlıkları ise 22 µm ile 34 µm arasında değimektedir. Her iki yöntemlede üretilerek borlanan alaşımların, borür tabaka yüzeylerinden yapılan XRD desen analizine göre, ana piklerde FeB, Fe2B, CoFe fazları tespit edilirken, ergitme döküm yöntemi ile üretilen alaşımlarda ayrıca Co2Fe fazıda mevcuttur. Borlanan alaşımların borür tabakalarının yüzey mikrosertlikleri ise 1922 HV0.05 ile 2124 HV0.05 aralığında değişmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Orta entropili alaşım
• grafen
• ergitme döküm
• toz metalurjisi
• kutu borlama

Effect of Graphene Reinforcement on Boronization in Medium Entropy Alloys Produced by Different Methods

Abstract

With the developing technology, studies on the production and development of new materials are intensifying as traditional materials are inadequate to meet the needs of the industry. As an alternative to traditional steels, the use of low, medium and high entropy alloys and nanomaterials has recently become one of the most suitable solutions. Based on these solutions, in this study; the effect of nanoparticle reinforcement material on the boride layer structure in pack boriding of FeCo alloy, which is described as a soft magnetic alloy and produced by different methods, was investigated. Firstly, 2% and 4% graphene reinforced, medium entropy FeCo alloy was produced by 2 different methods melt casting (MC) and powder metallurgy (PM). Then, medium entropy alloys (MEAs) produced by both methods were subjected to a pack boronizing process at 1073 K temperature for 2 hours. Both the produced MEAs and the boride layers of the borided MEAs were characterized. When the microstructures of the produced alloys are examined, it is seen that with the increase in graphene reinforcement, the tendency for dendritic structure increases in alloys using the MC method, while crack formation increases in alloys using the PM method. According to the XRD pattern analysis of the alloys produced by both methods, peaks belonging to the CoFe phase were detected in the main peaks of the alloys. The microhardness of the alloys ranges between 258 HV0.05 and 314 HV0.05. In the boride layer structures obtained by pack boronizing, no transition zone is formed, they are columnar and have a sawtooth appearance. Boride layer thicknesses range between 22 µm and 34 µm. According to the XRD pattern analysis of the boride layers of the alloys produced by both methods, FeB, Fe2B, CoFe phases were detected in the main peaks, while the Co2Fe phase was also present in the alloys produced by the MC method. The surface microhardness of the boride layers varies between 1922 HV0.05 and 2124 HV0.05.

Keywords

• Medium entropy alloy
• graphene
• melt casting
• powder metallurgy
• pack boriding

Kaynakça

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