Otomotiv sektöründe alternatif bir yakıt olarak kullanılmak Üzere Wood Piroliz Yağının üretimi ve fizikokimyasal Özelliklerinin İyileştirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 262 - 273, 19.06.2025

Arif Hakan Yalçın , Ercan Şimşir

https://doi.org/10.55546/jmm.1581683

Öz

Biyokütle kaynakları, petrol kökenli yakıtların yerine geçme potansiyeline sahiptir. Piroliz yöntemi ile biyokütle, piroliz yağına dönüştürülebilir ve bu yağ, otomotiv sektör gibi bir çok alanda kullanılan fosil yakıtlar için alternatif olarak ilgi görmektedir. Ancak, piroliz yağının düşük enerji yoğunluğu, yüksek viskozite ve su içeriği nedeniyle doğrudan dizel motorlarında kullanımı zordur. En kolay çözüm, yüksek setan içerikli karışımlar oluşturmaktır. Bu çalışmada polietilen glikol 400 (PEG), Odun Piroliz yağı (WPO), n-bütanol (B) ve 2-etilheksil nitrat (2-EHN) (PEG0/PY10/B85/2-EHN5) ağırlıkça % olarak harmanlanarak elde edildi. Daha sonra PEG400 %10 artırılıp n-bütanol %10 azaltılarak (PEG10/PY10/N-B75/2-EHN5, PEG20/PY10/B65/2-EHN5, PEG30/PY10/B55/2-EHN5, PEG40/P10/B45/2-EHN5) diğer karışım yakıtlar elde edildi. Böylece piroliz yağının zayıf özellikleri, katkı maddesi olarak n-bütanol ve iki setan geliştirici PEG400 ve 2-EHN ile harmanlanarak iyileştirildi. Piroliz yağının viskozitesi, n-bütanol ile harmanlanarak etkili bir şekilde geleneksel dizel motorlarda kullanılabilecek uygun seviyeye düşürüldü. Ayrıca PY karışım yakıtlarının kendiliğinden tutuşabilirliği PEG400, 2-EHN ve n-bütanol ilavesi ile geliştirildi. Sonuç olarak, karışım yakıtlar fizikokimyasal özellik yönünden piroliz yağına kıyasla artan kalorifik değer ve setan sayısı ve azalan kinematik viskozite, yoğunluk ve su içeriği gösterdi. Böylece karışım yakıtların setan sayıları PEG400’ün ağırlıkça %10’luk artışına göre sırasıyla %2,5, %8,3, %27,1 ve % 34,3 oranında iyileştirildi. Böylece fizikokimyasal özellik yönünden ağırlıkça %40 PEG400 içeren (PEG40/P10/B45/2-EHN5) karışım yakıtının dizel motorunda alternatif bir yakıt olarak kullanılabileceği belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Odun proliz yağ , PEG400 , n-bütanol , 2-EHN , alternatif yakıt

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmada, araştırma ve yayın etiği ilkelerine uygun olarak hareket edilmiştir. Çalışmanın tüm aşamalarında (örneğin, veri toplama, analiz, yazım ve yayın süreçlerinde) ulusal ve uluslararası etik kurallar dikkate alınmıştır. Bu araştırma sürecinde herhangi bir çıkar çatışması bulunmamaktadır. Araştırmanın yürütülmesi sırasında herhangi bir insan veya hayvan denek kullanılmamış, ilgili yasal mevzuatlara tamamen uyulmuştur. Ayrıca, çalışmada kullanılan veriler tamamen özgün olup, başka bir çalışmadan izinsiz alınmamıştır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi BAPK Birimi

Proje Numarası

22.KARİYER.06

Teşekkür

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi BAPK Birimine desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür ederiz

Production of Wood Pyrolysis Oil for Use as an Alternative Fuel in the Automotive Sector and Improvement of Its Physicochemical Properties

Öz

Biomass resources have the potential to replace petroleum-based fuels. Biomass can be converted into pyrolysis oil by pyrolysis method and this oil is of interest as an alternative to fossil fuels used in many areas such as automotive sector. However, pyrolysis oil is difficult to use directly in diesel engines due to its low energy density, high viscosity and water content. The easiest solution is to create mixtures with high cetane content. In this study, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG), Wood Pyrolysis oil (WPO), n-butanol (B) and 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (2-EHN) (PEG0/PY10/B85/2-EHN5) were obtained by blending them as wt%. Then, by increasing PEG400 by 10% and decreasing n-butanol by 10% (PEG10/PY10/N-B75/2-EHN5, PEG20/PY10/B65/2-EHN5, PEG30/PY10/B55/2-EHN5, PEG40/P10/B45/2-EHN5), other blend fuels were obtained. Thus, the poor properties of pyrolysis oil were improved by blending with n-butanol and two cetane improvers PEG400 and 2-EHN as additives. The viscosity of pyrolysis oil was effectively reduced to a suitable level for use in conventional diesel engines by blending with n-butanol. In addition, the autoignition of PY blend fuels was improved by adding PEG400, 2-EHN and n-butanol. As a result, the blended fuels showed increased calorific value and cetane number and decreased kinematic viscosity, density and water content compared to pyrolysis oil in terms of physicochemical properties. Thus, the cetane numbers of the blended fuels were improved by 2,5%, 8,3%, 27,1% and 34,3%, respectively, with a 10% increase in PEG400 by weight. Thus, it was determined that the blended fuel containing 40% PEG400 by weight (PEG40/P10/B45/2-EHN5) in terms of physicochemical properties could be used as an alternative fuel in the automotive sector.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wood pyrolysis oil , PEG 400 , N-butanol , 2-EHN , Alternative fuel

Proje Numarası

22.KARİYER.06

Teşekkür

This study was supported by Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit with Project number of 22.KARİYER.06.

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