Influence of Filler Wire on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Gas Tungsten Arc Welded Dissimilar S235JR-SAF 2205 Steel Joint

Abstract

Structural steels and stainless steels are widely used in power plants, boilers, oil and gas refineries and shipbuilding applications, usually under high pressure and temperature conditions. In these applications, structural steels and stainless steels often need to be joined by fusion welding methods. However, welding different steels presents numerous difficulties due to their different physical, chemical and mechanical properties and requires care in the welding process. In this context, the use of appropriate welding parameters and especially the suitable filler wire is of great importance for the successful joining of different steels by fusion welding. In this study, the effects of three different filler wire types on the microstructure and mechanical properties of different S235JR (structural steel) and SAF 2205 (duplex stainless steel) joints produced by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) were investigated in detail. For this purpose, 3 mm thick S235JR and SAF 2205 sheets were joined by GTAW process using three different filler wires, namely AWS ER70 S-6, AWS ER309LN and AWS ER316LN. The microstructural changes in the weld zones of the welded joints and their mechanical properties were systematically characterized through detailed optical microscopy analyses and mechanical tests (hardness measurements, tensile, and bending tests). The joints produced with ER 309LN filler wire revealed a strength performance of approximately 100% relative to the S235JR structural steel base plate, whereas the joints fabricated with ER70S-6 and ER316LN filler wires exhibited enhanced strength performances of approximately 110% and 108%, respectively.

Keywords

• Duplex stainless steel
• SAF 2205
• Structural steel
• S235
• TIG
• Dissimilar joining
• Filler wire
• Weld performance.

Gaz Tungsten Ark Kaynaklı Benzer Olmayan S235JR-SAF 2205 Çelik Bağlantının İçyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklerine İlave Tel Etkisi

Öz

Yüksek basınç ve sıcaklık koşulları altında elektrik santrallerinde, kazanlarda, petrol ve gaz rafinerilerinde ve gemi üretim uygulamalarında yapı çelikleri ve paslanmaz çelikler yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Sıklıkla bu uygulamalarda yapı çelikleri ile paslanmaz çeliklerin ergitme kaynağı yöntemleri ile birleştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Ancak farklı çeliklerin kaynağı farklı fiziksel, kimyasal ve mekanik özelliklerinden dolayı değişik güçlükler arz eder ve kaynak işleminde itina gerektirir. Bu bağlamda, farklı çeliklerin ergitme kaynakları ile başarılı bir şekilde birleştirilmesi için uygun kaynak parametrelerinin ve özellikle de uygun ilave tel kullanımı büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, TIG yöntemi olarak da bilinen, gaz tungsten ark kaynağı (GTAW) ile üretilen farklı S235JR (yapı çeliği) ve SAF 2205 (AISI 318LN) (dubleks paslanmaz çelik) bağlantıların mikro yapı ve mekanik özelliklerine üç farklı dolgu teli tipinin etkisi detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, 3 mm kalınlığında S235JR ve SAF 2205 levhalar, AWS ER70 S-6, AWS ER309LN ve AWS ER316LN olmak üzere üç farklı dolgu teli kullanılarak TIG yöntemi ile birleştirilmiştir. Kaynaklı bağlantıların kaynak bölgelerinde meydana gelen mikroyapısal değişiklikler ve mekanik özellikleri, detaylı optik mikroskop analizleri ve mekanik testler (sertlik ölçümleri, çekme ve eğme testleri) ile sistematik olarak karakterize edilmiştir. ER 309LN dolgu teli ile üretilen bağlantılar, S235JR yapı çeliği ana metale göre yaklaşık %100 mukavemet performansı sergilerken, ER70S-6 ve ER316LN dolgu telleri ile imal edilen bağlantılar sırasıyla yaklaşık %110 ve %108 oranında daha yüksek mukavemet performansı göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dubleks paslanmaz çelik
• SAF 2205
• Yapı çeliği
• S235
• TIG
• Farklı çelik kaynağı
• İlave tel
• Kaynak performansı

Kaynakça

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