Lod Mozaikleri: Lüks Roma Konağından Kentsel ve Sosyal Değişimin Katalizörüne

Öz

2021 yılının ortalarında, İsrail’in Lod kentinde şehirde keşfedilen muhteşem mozaikleri barındıran Müze ve Ziyaretçi Merkezi’nin açılışı yapılmış ve nihayet halka sergilenmeye başlanmıştır. IAA (İsrail Eski Eserler Kurumu) tarafından 25 yıldır aralıklı olarak sürdürülen kazılardan sonra, bu yayın, bulguları, araştırmanın tarihi ile bilimsel ve kamusal önemini genel olarak kısaca özetlemek için hazırlanmıştır. Bu muhteşem arkeolojik alan, dünyanın en prestijli müzelerinde sergilenen büyük bir triclinium’u döşeyen cömert renkli bir mozaik içeren büyük bir Roma domusundan oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca peristil avlusu ve tamamı lüks mozaiklerle döşenmiş çeşitli odalar barındırmaktadır. Proje (1996, 2009, 2014 ve 2018’de kazılmıştır) halkın dikkatini çekmiş ve başından beri aralıksız medyada yer almasının keyfini çıkarmıştır. Hayvanlar aleminden figürleri doğru bir şekilde betimleyen mozaikler, zamanının en iyi tarzında işlenmiştir ve imparatorluğun farklı bölgelerinden gelen etkilere sahiptir.

Makalede, mozaik ve arkeolojik buluntuları özetlemekte, aynı zamanda mütevazı yerel halkın yetkililere karşı antik eserlerin değerine karşı gösterdikleri inançsızlıktan eserlerin değerini kabullenişlerine kadar geçen süreç de sunulmaktadır. Makale ayrıca koruma yaklaşımını, müzenin planlamasının ardındaki felsefeyi ve bir aidiyet duygusu ve yerel gurur yaratmak için topluluk çerçevesine uyum umudunu da gözden geçirmektedir. 4. yüzyılda seçkin ve zengin bir malikânenin parçası olarak yaşamına başlayan Lod Mozaiği, olağanüstü arkeolojik, sanatsal ve bilimsel değerinin ötesinde, bugün sosyal değişim ve gelişme için önemli bir katalizör işlevi görebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lod Mozaiği
• Diospolis
• Ziyaretçi Merkezi
• Sinopia
• deniz sahnesi

The Lod Mosaics: From Luxurious Roman Mansion to Catalyst for Urban and Social Change

Öz

In mid-2021, the Museum and Visitor Centre in the city of Lod, Israel, was inaugurated, housing the remains of the magnificent mosaics discovered in the city, to be finally exhibited to the public. This event, almost 25 years after the beginning of the sporadic excavations of the site by the IAA (Israel Antiquities Authority), seems an appropriate moment to briefly recapitulate on the findings, the history of the research and its scientific and, why not, communal significance. This spectacular site consists of a large Roman domus which includes a lavish colorful mosaic paving a large triclinium, that was exposed in the most prestigious museums in the world. Also includes a peristyle courtyard, and various rooms, all paved with luxurious mosaics. The project (excavated in 1996, 2009, 2014 and 2018) attracted the public attention and enjoyed from its beginning incessant media covering. The mosaics, which depict accurately figures from the animal kingdom, were built in the best style of the time, and boast influences from different parts of the empire.
The long process has by no means been simple and the difficulties have been numerous, starting with the chronic lack of funds to finance such a project, the initial resistance and distrust of the inhabitants of the neighborhood and the countless logistical, archaeological, and political impediments.
The article summarizes the archaeological findings at the mosaic, and also focuses on the process that went through the modest neighborhood that houses it, from the initial opposition and disbelief of the inhabitants towards the authorities to the recognition of the value of the antiquities. The article also reviews the approach to conservation, the philosophy behind the planning of the museum and the hope for integration into the community framework, to create a sense of belonging and local pride. Beyond its outstanding archaeological, artistic, and scientific value, the Lod mosaic, which began its life in the fourth century CE as part of an elitist and wealthy mansion, can today fulfil an important function as a catalyst for social change and improvement.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lod Mosaic
• Diospolis
• Visitors Center
• Sinopia
• Marine Scene

Kaynakça

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