Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Erdem’den Güce: Kadın Kahramanlığı Hakkında Keşifler - Lilian Broca Mozaikleri

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 13, 295 - 313, 02.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.26658/jmr.782479

Öz

Bu makale, çağdaş sanatçı Lilian Broca’nın mozaiklerini incelemektedir. Broca, İncil’deki figürlerden Esther, Judith ve Magdalalı Meryem olmak üzere iki anıtsal mozaik serisini tamamladı. Mozaik sayesinde Broca kadınları ve kadınların antik dünyadaki iktidarla ilişkilerini araştırmaktadır. Broca, kadınların değerinin antik tarih boyunca güzellik ve iffet merceğiyle değerlendirildiğini belirtir. Broca, bu paradigmadan atipik olan kadınların yani iktidara gerçekleri söyleyen ve kabul edilen sınırları aşan kadınların örneklerini ortaya çıkarmak için eski metinleri kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırmıştır. Eserleri, bu kadınların seyir tarzını aydınlatmakta ve hatta antik toplumdaki boşlukları kullanarak erkeksi güç alanları üzerindeki etkilerini göstermektedir.

Broca mozaik sanatını kullanır, çünkü mozaik geleneksel olarak antik toplumun en zengin ve ayrıcalıklı kesiminin himayesinde olan bir ortamdır. Mozaik hangi hikâyelerin en yaygın şekilde yayılacağını ve nihayetinde hayatta kalacağını belirleyen bir toplum sektörüdür. Broca’nın eserleri hem geçicilik hem de aksiyoloji kavramlarını kullanan postmodern eserlerdir. Broca için zaman ve tarih akıcıdır. Feminist hikâyeleri anlatmak için ağırlıklı olarak erkeksi mozaik ortamını kullanarak, tarihin ihmalkârlık günahlarını ve antik tarihte kadın bakış açısının genel yokluğunu çözmeye çalışır.

Nihayetinde, Broca, antik anıtsal sanatın ortamının ve yerleşiminin erkek kahramanların hikâyelerinin kadınların hikâyelerinden daha yükseğe yerleştirmek için çok şey yaptığına dikkat çekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Paul Veyne’nin sosyal tarihçilerin sosyal eğilimlerin ve tarihi nesnelerin dalgalanan değerlerini değerlendirmesini sağlayan bir terim olan aksiyoloji kavramını yansıtmaktadır. Broca, mozaik gibi eski anıtsal sanat formlarına bir kadın anlatı ekleyerek, antik kadınların hikâyelerinin nihayet erkek karşıtlarının hikâyeleri ile aynı onur ve saygı ile tanınacağını ileri sürmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Boccaccio 2001 G. Boccaccio, “Life of Dido”, Famous Women (The I Tatti Renaissance Library), V. Brown (trans.), Harvard.
  • Broca 2015 Lilian Broca Interview, 5 January
  • Broca 2020a Lilian Broca, Interview, 15 February.
  • Broca 2020b Lilian Broca, Interview, 3 March.
  • Broca et al. 2011 L. Broca - S. Campbell - Y. Wosk, with Judy Chicago (intro.), The Hidden and the Revealed: The Esther Mosaics of Lilian Broca, Gefen Publishing House. Clarke 2007 A. Clarke, Prestige, Piety and Moral Perfection: Deruta Maiolica, the Social and Cultural Value of a Decorative Art, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of British Columbia.
  • Cohen 2010 A. Cohen, Art in the Era of Alexander the Great: Paradigms of Manhood and Cultural Traditions, Cambridge.
  • De Voragine - Grässe 1969 J. de Voragine – J. G. Th. Grässe, Legenda Aurea: Vulgo Historia Lombardia Dicta, Osnabrü ck.
  • Domenici 1980 G. Domenici, “Regola del Governo di Cura Familiare”, C. Gilbert (ed.), Italian Art 1400–1500: Sources and Documents, Prentice Hall, 144-145.
  • Doming 2012 K. Doming, Girl Power in Late Antiquity: Coronation of the Winner Floor Mosaic of the Villa Romana del Casale, Unpublished, University of Amsterdam.
  • Edis-Barzman 1994 K. Edis-Barzman, “Beyond the Canon: Feminists Postmodernism and the History of Art”, The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 52, 327-339.
  • Esther Book of Esther, The New Oxford Annotated Bible, New Revised Standard Edition, M. Coogan (ed.), 2010.
  • Even 1992 Y. Even, “Mantegna’s Uffizi Judith: The Masculinization of a Female Hero”, Kosthistorisk Tidskrift 61, 8-20.
  • Fedosova 2011 T. Fedosova, “Reflection of Time in Postmodern Literature”, Athens Journal of Philology 2, 2, 77-88.
  • Greenblatt 1991 S. Greenblatt, “Resonance and Wonder”, Exhibiting Cultures: The Poetics and Politics of Museum Display, 42-56 Smithsonian Institution.
  • Gregory I 1844-1864 Gregory I, Homiliarum in Evangelia, Lib. II, Patrologia Latina 76, J.-P. Migne, cols. 1238-1246.
  • Judith Book of Judith, The New Oxford Annotated Bible, New Revised Standard Edition, Michael Coogan (ed.), 2010.
  • Luke Book of Luke, The New Oxford Annotated Bible, New Revised Standard Edition, M. Coogan (ed.), 2010.
  • Rawlings 2007 L. Rawlings, The Ancient Greeks at War, Manchester and New York.
  • Raymond 2003 Blessed Raymond of Capua, The Life of St. Catherine of Siena, George Lamb (trans.), TAN Books.
  • Vauchez 1983 A. Vauchez, The Laity in the Middle Ages: Religious Beliefs and Devotional Practices, D. Bornstein (ed.), M. Schneider (trans.), University of Notre Dame.
  • Veyne 1984 P. Veyne, Writing History: Essay on Epistemology, M. Moore-Rinvolucri (trans.), Plon 1967.
  • Warren 2018 L. Warren, Reading Plutarch’s Women: Moral Judgement in the Moralia and Some Lives, Unpublished Paper, Stellenbosch University.
  • Weinstein - Bell 1982 D. Weinstein - R. Bell, Saints and Society, Chicago.
  • Wood 1996 J. Wood, Women, Art and Spirituality: The Poor Clares in Early Modern Italy, Cambridge.

From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 13, 295 - 313, 02.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.26658/jmr.782479

Öz

This article examines the mosaics of the contemporary artist Lilian Broca. Broca has completed two monumental mosaic series, with another underway, on the biblical figures of: Esther, Judith, and Mary Magdelene. Through mosaic Broca explores women and their relationship to power in the ancient world. Broca notes that throughout ancient history the worth of women has been evaluated through the lense of beauty and chastity. Broca researched ancient text extensively to uncover examples of women who were atypical of this paradigm: women who spoke truth to power and transgressed the accepted boundaries. Her work illuminates the manner in which these women navigated, and even exploited the loopholes in ancient society, enabling them to exert their influence on the masculine domains of power.
Broca utilizes the medium of mosaic, since traditionally, it was a medium patronized by the most wealthy and privileged of ancient society. They were the sector of society who determined which stories would be most broadly disseminated and ultimately survive. Broca’s work is postmodern employing both the concepts of temporality and axiology. For Broca, time and history are fluid. By utilizing the predominately masculine medium of mosaic to tell feminst stories she strives to resolve history’s sins of omissions and the general absence of the female perspective in ancient history.
Finally, Broca notes that the media and placement of ancient monumental art has done much to elevate the stories of male heros above women. In this regard, she reflects Paul Veyne’s concept of axiology, a term which enables social historians to evaluate the fluctuating value of social trends and historic objects. Broca suggests that by inserting a female narrative into ancient monumental art forms such as mosaic the stories of ancient women will finally be accorded with the same dignity and respect as their male counter parts.

Kaynakça

  • Boccaccio 2001 G. Boccaccio, “Life of Dido”, Famous Women (The I Tatti Renaissance Library), V. Brown (trans.), Harvard.
  • Broca 2015 Lilian Broca Interview, 5 January
  • Broca 2020a Lilian Broca, Interview, 15 February.
  • Broca 2020b Lilian Broca, Interview, 3 March.
  • Broca et al. 2011 L. Broca - S. Campbell - Y. Wosk, with Judy Chicago (intro.), The Hidden and the Revealed: The Esther Mosaics of Lilian Broca, Gefen Publishing House. Clarke 2007 A. Clarke, Prestige, Piety and Moral Perfection: Deruta Maiolica, the Social and Cultural Value of a Decorative Art, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of British Columbia.
  • Cohen 2010 A. Cohen, Art in the Era of Alexander the Great: Paradigms of Manhood and Cultural Traditions, Cambridge.
  • De Voragine - Grässe 1969 J. de Voragine – J. G. Th. Grässe, Legenda Aurea: Vulgo Historia Lombardia Dicta, Osnabrü ck.
  • Domenici 1980 G. Domenici, “Regola del Governo di Cura Familiare”, C. Gilbert (ed.), Italian Art 1400–1500: Sources and Documents, Prentice Hall, 144-145.
  • Doming 2012 K. Doming, Girl Power in Late Antiquity: Coronation of the Winner Floor Mosaic of the Villa Romana del Casale, Unpublished, University of Amsterdam.
  • Edis-Barzman 1994 K. Edis-Barzman, “Beyond the Canon: Feminists Postmodernism and the History of Art”, The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 52, 327-339.
  • Esther Book of Esther, The New Oxford Annotated Bible, New Revised Standard Edition, M. Coogan (ed.), 2010.
  • Even 1992 Y. Even, “Mantegna’s Uffizi Judith: The Masculinization of a Female Hero”, Kosthistorisk Tidskrift 61, 8-20.
  • Fedosova 2011 T. Fedosova, “Reflection of Time in Postmodern Literature”, Athens Journal of Philology 2, 2, 77-88.
  • Greenblatt 1991 S. Greenblatt, “Resonance and Wonder”, Exhibiting Cultures: The Poetics and Politics of Museum Display, 42-56 Smithsonian Institution.
  • Gregory I 1844-1864 Gregory I, Homiliarum in Evangelia, Lib. II, Patrologia Latina 76, J.-P. Migne, cols. 1238-1246.
  • Judith Book of Judith, The New Oxford Annotated Bible, New Revised Standard Edition, Michael Coogan (ed.), 2010.
  • Luke Book of Luke, The New Oxford Annotated Bible, New Revised Standard Edition, M. Coogan (ed.), 2010.
  • Rawlings 2007 L. Rawlings, The Ancient Greeks at War, Manchester and New York.
  • Raymond 2003 Blessed Raymond of Capua, The Life of St. Catherine of Siena, George Lamb (trans.), TAN Books.
  • Vauchez 1983 A. Vauchez, The Laity in the Middle Ages: Religious Beliefs and Devotional Practices, D. Bornstein (ed.), M. Schneider (trans.), University of Notre Dame.
  • Veyne 1984 P. Veyne, Writing History: Essay on Epistemology, M. Moore-Rinvolucri (trans.), Plon 1967.
  • Warren 2018 L. Warren, Reading Plutarch’s Women: Moral Judgement in the Moralia and Some Lives, Unpublished Paper, Stellenbosch University.
  • Weinstein - Bell 1982 D. Weinstein - R. Bell, Saints and Society, Chicago.
  • Wood 1996 J. Wood, Women, Art and Spirituality: The Poor Clares in Early Modern Italy, Cambridge.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Arkeoloji
Bölüm Makele
Yazarlar

Angela Clarke Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-4876-5374

Yayımlanma Tarihi 2 Kasım 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Sayı: 13

Kaynak Göster

APA Clarke, A. (2020). From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca. Journal of Mosaic Research(13), 295-313. https://doi.org/10.26658/jmr.782479
AMA Clarke A. From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca. JMR. Kasım 2020;(13):295-313. doi:10.26658/jmr.782479
Chicago Clarke, Angela. “From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca”. Journal of Mosaic Research, sy. 13 (Kasım 2020): 295-313. https://doi.org/10.26658/jmr.782479.
EndNote Clarke A (01 Kasım 2020) From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca. Journal of Mosaic Research 13 295–313.
IEEE A. Clarke, “From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca”, JMR, sy. 13, ss. 295–313, Kasım 2020, doi: 10.26658/jmr.782479.
ISNAD Clarke, Angela. “From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca”. Journal of Mosaic Research 13 (Kasım 2020), 295-313. https://doi.org/10.26658/jmr.782479.
JAMA Clarke A. From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca. JMR. 2020;:295–313.
MLA Clarke, Angela. “From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca”. Journal of Mosaic Research, sy. 13, 2020, ss. 295-13, doi:10.26658/jmr.782479.
Vancouver Clarke A. From Virtue to Power: Explorations in Female Heroism – The Mosaics of Lilian Broca. JMR. 2020(13):295-313.

21079                 16193




22516          16207



                                                   16208                          16209



22362