Araştırma Makalesi
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Çanakkale Boğazı’nda Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Popülasyonunda Ölüm Oranlarının Tespiti

Yıl 2021, , 187 - 196, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.1005856

Öz

Ekolojik anlamda önemli olan Akdeniz’in en büyük çift kabuklu türü Pinna nobilis (Linneaus, 1758)‘in nesli, antropojenik etkilerin yanında 2016 yılından bu yana Haplosprodium pinnae isimli parazitin salgın etkisiyle ciddi tehdit altındadır. Ayrıca, son yıllarda Kuzey Ege Denizi’nde Pinna nobilis popülasyonlarının ölümlerine Haplosprodium pinnae’ nın yanında çoklu enfekte olarak Vibrio sp. gibi türlerin de neden olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Pinna nobilis’ in 2016 yılından bu yana Batı Akdeniz’den Doğu Akdeniz kıyılarına hızla yayılmış olan kitlesel ölümlerinin Çanakkale Boğazı’ ndaki Pinna nobilis yataklarındaki etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Haziran 2020 ve Eylül 2021 ayları arasında belirlenen 30 örnekleme istasyonunda su altı görsel sayım metodu (hat-çizgi sayımı) ile ikişer kez dalarak, pinaların sayımı yapılmıştır. Su altı gözlemleri için bölgenin su altı karakteristiğine göre tüplü dalış veya serbest dalış yöntemleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplam 2183 dakikalık su altı dip gözlem verilerine göre pinaların ölüm oranı 2020-2021 arasında % 81,15’ den % 94,67’ ye yükselmiştir. Yaklaşık bir yıl sonra pinaların ölüm oranının %100 olduğu istasyonların sayısı 11’ den 14’ e yükselirken, hiç pina görülmeyen istasyonların sayısı 3’ ten 5’ e yükselmiştir. Örnekleme istasyonlarındaki canlı pina sayısının bir sene içerisinde 1108’ den 207’ ye ve toplam yoğunluğun (birey/100m2) 13,15’ ten 9,2’ ye gerilemesi, Pinna nobilis neslinin tükenme tehlikesinin devam ettiğini göstermiştir. Pinna nobilis neslinin tükenme tehlikesinden kurtulabilmesi için biyolojik çalışmaların yanında yetiştiricilik ve transplantasyon çalışmaları yaygınlaştırılabilir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Su Altı Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi ve İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Proje Numarası

GDK202006-06

Teşekkür

Bu araştırma Ata AKSU’ nun Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Su Ürünleri Avlama ve İşleme Teknolojisi Anabilim dalında doktora tezinin bir bölümünü içermektedir. Bu araştırma, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Su Altı Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi ve İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi tarafından GDK202006-06 numaralı proje ile desteklenmiştir. Coğrafik bilgi sistemlerinde haritalama konusundaki destekleri için Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Benal GÜL’ e, Ctd prob ölçümlerindeki yardımları için Prof. Dr. Yeşim BÜYÜKATEŞ’ e, saha çalışmalarındaki yardımları için Bilgecan ÖZER’ e ve istatistiksel analizlerdeki destekleri için Öğr. Gör. İrem ALTAN AKSU’ ya teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  • Acarlı, S., Acarlı, D., & Kale, S. (2021). Current status of critically endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) population in Çanakkale Strait, Turkey. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10(1), 62-70. doi: 10.33714/masteb.793885
  • Acarlı, D., Acarlı, S., & Öktener, A. (2020). Mass Mortality Report of Critically Endangered Fan Mussel (Pinna nobilis, Linnaeus 1758) from Cunda Island, Ayvalık (Aegean Sea, Turkey). Acta Natura et Scientia, 1(1), 109-117. doi: 10.29329/actanatsci.2020.313.12
  • Acarlı, S., Lok, A., Acarlı, D., & Kırtık, A. (2018). Reproductive cycle and biochemical composition in the adductor muscle of the endangered species fan mussel Pinna Nobilis, Linnaeus 1758 from the Aegean Sea, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(10), 6506–6518.
  • Acarlı, S., Lök, A., Acarlı, D., Serdar, S., Köse, A., Yiğitkurt, S., Kırtık, A., & Güler, M. (2010). Tiirkiye Ulusal Kongresi. Türkiye Kıyıları’10 Türkiye’nin Kıyı ve Deniz Alanları VIII. Ulusal Kongresi, 742–745.
  • Arzul, I., & Carnegie, R.B. (2015). New perspective on the haplosporidian parasites of mol- luscs. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 131, 32–42. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2015.07.014.
  • Carreno, A., Izquierdo, A., & Lloret, J. (2021). Saving the Pharmacy of the Sea. Mètode Science Studies Journal, 11, 209–217. doi: 10.7203/metode.11.17002
  • Çınar, M. E., Bilecenoğlu, M., Yokeş, M. B., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2021a). Pinna nobilis in the south Marmara Islands ( Sea of Marmara ); it still remains uninfected by the epidemic and acts as egg laying substratum for an alien invader. Mediterranean Marine Science, 22(1), 161–168. doi: 10.12681/mms.25289
  • Çınar, M., Bilecenoğlu, M., Yokeş, M., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2021b). The last fortress fell: mass mortality of Pinna nobilis in the Sea of Marmara. Mediterranean Marine Science, 22(3), 669-676. doi: 10.12681/mms.27137
  • Faulks, J. (2007). The EU habitats directive. European Environment, 4(1):12-13. doi: 10.1002/eet.3320040105
  • Betti, F., Venturini, S., Merotto, L., Cappanera, V., Ferrando, S., Aicardi, S., Mandich, A., Castellano, M., & Povero, P. (2021) Population trends of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis from Portofino MPA (Ligurian Sea, Western Mediterranean Sea) before and after a mass mortality event and a catastrophic storm. The European Zoological Journal, 88(1), 18-25, doi:10.1080/24750263.2020.1850891
  • García-March, J.R., Surge, D., Lees, J.M., & Kerstijng, D.K. (2011). Ecological information and water mass properties in the Mediterranean recorded by stable isotope ratios in Pinna nobilis shells. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 116, 1–14. doi: 10.1029/2010JG001461
  • Grizel, H., Bachère, E., Mialhe, E., & Tigé, G. (1986). “Solving parasite-related problems in cultured molluscs,” in Parasitoloy, Quo vadit? Proceedings of the 6th International Congress of Parasitology, ed M. J. Howell (Canberra: Australian Academy of Science), 301–308.
  • James, R., Theodorou, J., A., & Hellio, C. (2010). Population study of the endangered bivalve Pinna nobilis ( Fan mussel ) in the Population study of the endangered bivalve Pinna nobilis (Fan mussel) in the Maliakos Gulf , Greece. 5th International Congress on Aquaculture, Fisheries Technology and Environmental Management, (August 2016).
  • Katsanevakis, S. (2006). Population ecology of the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis in a marine lake. Endangered Species Research, 1(November), 51–59. doi: 10.3354/esr001051
  • Kersting, D.K., Vázquez-Luis, M., Mourre, B., Belkhamssa, F.Z., Álvarez, E., Bakran-Petricioli, T., Barberá, C., Barrajón, A., Cortés, E., Deudero, S. et al. (2020). Recruitment Disruption and the Role of Unaffected Populations for Potential Recovery After the Pinna nobilis Mass Mortality Event. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7:594378. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2020.594378
  • Kurtay, E. (2014). Urla Karantina Adasında Pinna nobilis ( Linnaeus 1758 )’in Spat Verimliliği, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Ege Üniversitesi, Türkiye.
  • Künili, İ. E., Gürkan, S. E., Aksu, A., Turgay, E., Gürkan, M., & Altinağaç, U. (2021). Mass mortality in endangered fan mussels Pinna nobilis ( Linnaeus 1758 ) caused by co-infection of Haplosporidium pinnae and multiple Vibrio infection in Çanakkale Strait, Turkey by co-infection of Haplosporidium pinnae and multiple Vibrio infection in. Biomarkers, 26(4), 1–13. doi: 10.1080/1354750X.2021.1910344
  • Maeno, Y., Suzuki, K., Yurimoto, T., Kiyomoto, S., Fuseya, R., Fujisaki, H., Yoshida, M., & Nasu, H. (2012). Laboratory and field studies on gill and kidney associated virus in the pen shell Atrina lischkeana (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 32, 78.
  • Öndeş, F., Alan, V., Akçalı, B., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2020a). Mass mortality of the fan mussel, Pinna nobilis in Turkey (eastern Mediterranean). Marine Ecology, 41(5), 1–5. doi:10.1111/maec.12607
  • Öndeş, F., Kaiser, M. J., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2020b). Human impacts on the endangered fan mussel, Pinna nobilis. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 30(1), 31–41. doi: 10.1002/aqc.3237
  • Özalp, H.B., & Kersting, D.K. (2020). A pan-Mediterranean extinction? Pinna nobilis mass mortality has reached the Turkish straits system. Marine Biodiversity, 50, 81. doi: 10.1007/s12526-020-01110-7
  • Rabaoui, L., Belgacem, W., Ben Ismail, D., Mansour, L., & Tlig-Zouari, S. (2015). Engineering effect of Pinna nobilis shells on benthic communities. Oceanologia, 57(3), 271–279. doi: 10.1016/j.oceano.2015.03.002
  • Rouanet, E., Trigos, S., & Vicente, N. (2015). From youth to death of old age: the 50-year story of a Pinna nobilis fan mussel population at Port-Cros Island (Port-Cros National Park, Provence, Mediterranean Sea). 209-Scientific Reports of the Port-Cros national Park, 29(August), 209–222.
  • Theodorou, J. A., James, R., Tagalis, D., Tzovenis, I., Hellio, C., & Katselis, G. (2017). Density and size structure of the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus 1758), in the shallow water zone of Maliakos Gulf, Greece. Acta Adriatica, 58(1), 63–76. doi: 10.32582/aa.58.1.5
  • Trigos, S., García-March, J. R., Vicente, N., Tena, J., & Torres, J. (2015). Respiration rates of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis at different temperatures. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 81(2), 217–222. doi: 10.1093/mollus/eyu075
  • Van Banning, P. (1991). Observations on bonamiosis in the stock of the European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, in the Netherlands, with special reference to the recent developments in Lake Grevelingen. Aquaculture, 93, 205–211. doi: 10.1016/0044-8486(91)90232-V
  • Vázquez-Luis, M., Álvarez, E., Barrajón, A., García-March, J.R., Grau, A., Hendriks, I.E., Jiménez, S., Kersting, D., Moreno, D., Pérez, M., Ruiz, J.M., Sánchez, J., Villalba, A., & Deudero, S. (2017). S.O.S. Pinna nobilis: A Mass Mortality Event in Western Mediterranean Sea. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4:220. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00220
  • Voultsiadou, E., & Vafidis, D. (2007). Marine invertebrate diversity in Aristotle’s zoology. Contributions to Zoology, 76(2), 103–120. doi: 10.1163/18759866-07602004
  • Zotou, M., Gkrantounis, P., Karadimou, E., Tsirintanis, K., Sini, M., Poursanidis, D., Azzolin, M., Dailianis, T., Kytinou, E., Issaris, Y., Gerakaris, V., Salomidi, M., Lardi, P., Ramfos, A., Akrivos, V., Spinos, E., Dimitriadis, C., Papageorgiou, D., & La, S. (2020). Mediterranean Marine Science, 21(3), 575–591. doi: 10.12681/mms.23777

Determination of Mortality Rates in Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Population in The Çanakkale Strait

Yıl 2021, , 187 - 196, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.1005856

Öz

The population of ecologically important Pinna nobilis (Linneaus, 1758), the largest bivalve species of the Mediterranean, has been under serious threat since 2016 as a result of both anthropogenic effects and the epidemic caused by Haplosporidium pinnae. In addition, in recent years P. nobilis mortalities caused by Vibrio sp. infections in the North Aegean Sea have been reported. In this study, the effects of the mass mortalities of P. nobilis observed in the Mediterranean were investigated in the populations in the Dardanelles. For this purpose, P. nobilis populations in 30 different stations were observed and counted along transects between June 2020 and September 2021. Underwater observations were carried out either by scuba diving or free diving depending on the underwater characteristics of the region. Observations based on a total of 2183 minutes of bottom time indicated that mortality rate of pen shells increased to 94.67% in 2021 as compared to 81.15% in 2021. In addition, in a period 1 year, the number of stations with 100% mortality increased from 11 to 14 and the number of stations with no presence of pen shells increased from 3 to 5. The decrease in the total number of live pen shells from 1108 to 207 and the consequent reduction of pen shell density (individual/100 m2) from 13.15 to 9.2 in a period of one year indicate the imminent threat of extinction for P. nobilis in this region. In addition to monitoring studies, aquaculture of pen shells and their transplantation to affected areas should be carried out to mitigate the effects of mass mortalities observed in this region.

Proje Numarası

GDK202006-06

Kaynakça

  • Acarlı, S., Acarlı, D., & Kale, S. (2021). Current status of critically endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) population in Çanakkale Strait, Turkey. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10(1), 62-70. doi: 10.33714/masteb.793885
  • Acarlı, D., Acarlı, S., & Öktener, A. (2020). Mass Mortality Report of Critically Endangered Fan Mussel (Pinna nobilis, Linnaeus 1758) from Cunda Island, Ayvalık (Aegean Sea, Turkey). Acta Natura et Scientia, 1(1), 109-117. doi: 10.29329/actanatsci.2020.313.12
  • Acarlı, S., Lok, A., Acarlı, D., & Kırtık, A. (2018). Reproductive cycle and biochemical composition in the adductor muscle of the endangered species fan mussel Pinna Nobilis, Linnaeus 1758 from the Aegean Sea, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(10), 6506–6518.
  • Acarlı, S., Lök, A., Acarlı, D., Serdar, S., Köse, A., Yiğitkurt, S., Kırtık, A., & Güler, M. (2010). Tiirkiye Ulusal Kongresi. Türkiye Kıyıları’10 Türkiye’nin Kıyı ve Deniz Alanları VIII. Ulusal Kongresi, 742–745.
  • Arzul, I., & Carnegie, R.B. (2015). New perspective on the haplosporidian parasites of mol- luscs. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 131, 32–42. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2015.07.014.
  • Carreno, A., Izquierdo, A., & Lloret, J. (2021). Saving the Pharmacy of the Sea. Mètode Science Studies Journal, 11, 209–217. doi: 10.7203/metode.11.17002
  • Çınar, M. E., Bilecenoğlu, M., Yokeş, M. B., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2021a). Pinna nobilis in the south Marmara Islands ( Sea of Marmara ); it still remains uninfected by the epidemic and acts as egg laying substratum for an alien invader. Mediterranean Marine Science, 22(1), 161–168. doi: 10.12681/mms.25289
  • Çınar, M., Bilecenoğlu, M., Yokeş, M., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2021b). The last fortress fell: mass mortality of Pinna nobilis in the Sea of Marmara. Mediterranean Marine Science, 22(3), 669-676. doi: 10.12681/mms.27137
  • Faulks, J. (2007). The EU habitats directive. European Environment, 4(1):12-13. doi: 10.1002/eet.3320040105
  • Betti, F., Venturini, S., Merotto, L., Cappanera, V., Ferrando, S., Aicardi, S., Mandich, A., Castellano, M., & Povero, P. (2021) Population trends of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis from Portofino MPA (Ligurian Sea, Western Mediterranean Sea) before and after a mass mortality event and a catastrophic storm. The European Zoological Journal, 88(1), 18-25, doi:10.1080/24750263.2020.1850891
  • García-March, J.R., Surge, D., Lees, J.M., & Kerstijng, D.K. (2011). Ecological information and water mass properties in the Mediterranean recorded by stable isotope ratios in Pinna nobilis shells. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 116, 1–14. doi: 10.1029/2010JG001461
  • Grizel, H., Bachère, E., Mialhe, E., & Tigé, G. (1986). “Solving parasite-related problems in cultured molluscs,” in Parasitoloy, Quo vadit? Proceedings of the 6th International Congress of Parasitology, ed M. J. Howell (Canberra: Australian Academy of Science), 301–308.
  • James, R., Theodorou, J., A., & Hellio, C. (2010). Population study of the endangered bivalve Pinna nobilis ( Fan mussel ) in the Population study of the endangered bivalve Pinna nobilis (Fan mussel) in the Maliakos Gulf , Greece. 5th International Congress on Aquaculture, Fisheries Technology and Environmental Management, (August 2016).
  • Katsanevakis, S. (2006). Population ecology of the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis in a marine lake. Endangered Species Research, 1(November), 51–59. doi: 10.3354/esr001051
  • Kersting, D.K., Vázquez-Luis, M., Mourre, B., Belkhamssa, F.Z., Álvarez, E., Bakran-Petricioli, T., Barberá, C., Barrajón, A., Cortés, E., Deudero, S. et al. (2020). Recruitment Disruption and the Role of Unaffected Populations for Potential Recovery After the Pinna nobilis Mass Mortality Event. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7:594378. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2020.594378
  • Kurtay, E. (2014). Urla Karantina Adasında Pinna nobilis ( Linnaeus 1758 )’in Spat Verimliliği, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Ege Üniversitesi, Türkiye.
  • Künili, İ. E., Gürkan, S. E., Aksu, A., Turgay, E., Gürkan, M., & Altinağaç, U. (2021). Mass mortality in endangered fan mussels Pinna nobilis ( Linnaeus 1758 ) caused by co-infection of Haplosporidium pinnae and multiple Vibrio infection in Çanakkale Strait, Turkey by co-infection of Haplosporidium pinnae and multiple Vibrio infection in. Biomarkers, 26(4), 1–13. doi: 10.1080/1354750X.2021.1910344
  • Maeno, Y., Suzuki, K., Yurimoto, T., Kiyomoto, S., Fuseya, R., Fujisaki, H., Yoshida, M., & Nasu, H. (2012). Laboratory and field studies on gill and kidney associated virus in the pen shell Atrina lischkeana (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 32, 78.
  • Öndeş, F., Alan, V., Akçalı, B., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2020a). Mass mortality of the fan mussel, Pinna nobilis in Turkey (eastern Mediterranean). Marine Ecology, 41(5), 1–5. doi:10.1111/maec.12607
  • Öndeş, F., Kaiser, M. J., & Güçlüsoy, H. (2020b). Human impacts on the endangered fan mussel, Pinna nobilis. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 30(1), 31–41. doi: 10.1002/aqc.3237
  • Özalp, H.B., & Kersting, D.K. (2020). A pan-Mediterranean extinction? Pinna nobilis mass mortality has reached the Turkish straits system. Marine Biodiversity, 50, 81. doi: 10.1007/s12526-020-01110-7
  • Rabaoui, L., Belgacem, W., Ben Ismail, D., Mansour, L., & Tlig-Zouari, S. (2015). Engineering effect of Pinna nobilis shells on benthic communities. Oceanologia, 57(3), 271–279. doi: 10.1016/j.oceano.2015.03.002
  • Rouanet, E., Trigos, S., & Vicente, N. (2015). From youth to death of old age: the 50-year story of a Pinna nobilis fan mussel population at Port-Cros Island (Port-Cros National Park, Provence, Mediterranean Sea). 209-Scientific Reports of the Port-Cros national Park, 29(August), 209–222.
  • Theodorou, J. A., James, R., Tagalis, D., Tzovenis, I., Hellio, C., & Katselis, G. (2017). Density and size structure of the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus 1758), in the shallow water zone of Maliakos Gulf, Greece. Acta Adriatica, 58(1), 63–76. doi: 10.32582/aa.58.1.5
  • Trigos, S., García-March, J. R., Vicente, N., Tena, J., & Torres, J. (2015). Respiration rates of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis at different temperatures. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 81(2), 217–222. doi: 10.1093/mollus/eyu075
  • Van Banning, P. (1991). Observations on bonamiosis in the stock of the European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, in the Netherlands, with special reference to the recent developments in Lake Grevelingen. Aquaculture, 93, 205–211. doi: 10.1016/0044-8486(91)90232-V
  • Vázquez-Luis, M., Álvarez, E., Barrajón, A., García-March, J.R., Grau, A., Hendriks, I.E., Jiménez, S., Kersting, D., Moreno, D., Pérez, M., Ruiz, J.M., Sánchez, J., Villalba, A., & Deudero, S. (2017). S.O.S. Pinna nobilis: A Mass Mortality Event in Western Mediterranean Sea. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4:220. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00220
  • Voultsiadou, E., & Vafidis, D. (2007). Marine invertebrate diversity in Aristotle’s zoology. Contributions to Zoology, 76(2), 103–120. doi: 10.1163/18759866-07602004
  • Zotou, M., Gkrantounis, P., Karadimou, E., Tsirintanis, K., Sini, M., Poursanidis, D., Azzolin, M., Dailianis, T., Kytinou, E., Issaris, Y., Gerakaris, V., Salomidi, M., Lardi, P., Ramfos, A., Akrivos, V., Spinos, E., Dimitriadis, C., Papageorgiou, D., & La, S. (2020). Mediterranean Marine Science, 21(3), 575–591. doi: 10.12681/mms.23777
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Balıkçılık Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ata Aksu 0000-0003-4057-8088

Uğur Altınağaç 0000-0002-3638-9834

Tekin Demirkıran Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-3676-7321

Proje Numarası GDK202006-06
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA Aksu, A., Altınağaç, U., & Demirkıran, T. (2021). Çanakkale Boğazı’nda Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Popülasyonunda Ölüm Oranlarının Tespiti. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Journal of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, 4(2), 187-196. https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.1005856