Yeni Calabar Nehri’nde (Nijer Deltası, Nijerya) Yuvarlak Sardalyanın (Sardinella aurita, Valenciennes, 1847) Büyüme, Ölüm Oranı ve Sömürülme Oranı

Öz

Bu çalışma, Yeni Calabar Nehri'ndeki Sardinella aurita türünün büyüme, ölüm oranı ve yararlanma oranını değerlendirdi. Mart 2020 ile Şubat 2021 arasında ticari balıkçılardan toplam 513 S. aurita örneği toplandı ve değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analiz için FiSAT II yazılımı kullanıldı. Asimptotik uzunluk (L∞) = 21,73 cm, büyüme katsayısı (K) = 0,95 yıl-1, maksimum ömür (Tmax) = 2,68 yıl, teorik doğum öncesi yaş (t0) = -0,48 yıl ve büyüme performans indeksi (Φ ′) = 2.65 olarak belirlendi. İlk yakalanma boyu (Lc50 = 15.06 cm), ilk eşeysel olgunluk boyundan (Lm50 = 21.12 cm) daha düşüktü. Ölüm parametreleri olan toplam ölüm oranı (Z) = 3.03 yıl-1, doğal ölüm oranı (M) = 1.42 yıl-1, balıkçılık ölüm oranı (F) = 1.61 yıl-1 olarak gerçekleşti. Bu, çalışma alanında S. aurita türünün hızlı bir büyüme oranına, küçük boyuta, geç cinsel olgunlağa ve yüksek doğal ölüm oranına sahip olduğunu gösterir. Yararlanma oranı (E) 0,53 idi. S. aurita türünün optimum şekilde yararlanıldığı bulundu. Bu nedenle, aşırı avlanmayı önlemek için sürdürülebilir balıkçılık önlemleri benimsenmelidir ve bunlar arasında balıkçılık çabalarının izlenmesi ve Yeni Calabar Nehri’nde S. aurita balıkçılığını sürdürülebilir kılmak için artan ağ gözü boyutunun uygulanması ve uygulatılması yer almaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Büyüme
• Mortalite
• Clupeidae
• Afrika

Growth, Mortality and Exploitation Rate of Round Sardinella (Sardinella aurita, Valenciennes, 1847) in the New Calabar River, Niger Delta, Nigeria

Öz

This study assessed the growth, mortality and exploitation rate of Sardinella aurita in the New Calabar River. A total of 513 specimens of S. aurita were collected from artisanal fishers and assessed between March 2020 and February 2021.For statistical analysis, FiSAT II software was used. At asymptotic length (L∞) = 21.73 cm, growth rate (K) = 0.95 yr-1, longevity (Tmax) = 2.68 yrs., theoretical age at birth (t0) = -0.48 yrs., and growth performance index (Φ′) = 2.65. Length at first capture (Lc50 = 15.06 cm) was lower than length at first maturity (Lm50 = 21.12 cm). Mortality parameters revealed a total mortality rate (Z) = 3.03 yr-1, a natural mortality rate (M) = 1.42 yr-1, and a fishing mortality rate (F) = 1.61 yr-1. This indicates that S. aurita in the study area has a fast growth rate, small attained size, delayed sexual maturation, and high natural mortality. The exploitation rate (E) was 0.53. S. aurita was found to be experiencing optimum exploitation. Therefore, to prevent overfishing, sustainable fisheries measures should be adopted, and these include monitoring of fishing efforts and implementation and enforcement of increased mesh size to sustain the fishery of S. aurita in the New Calabar river.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mortality
• Growth
• Clupeidae
• Africa

Kaynakça

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