Besince Fakir Bir Levant Kıta Sahanlığında Sparid Balıklarının Anahtar Türleri Alandaki Av Dengesi İçin Yabancı Kılkuyruk Mercan Balığının Üstesinden Geliyor mu Yoksa Tam Tersi mi?

Öz

2008 yılından beri çalışma alanında bulunan kılkuyruk mercan Nemipterus randalli’nın varlık ve yokluğu karşısında Sparid balıkların (tamamı yerli tür) alansal-zamansal dağılımları ve ekolojik davranışları incelendi. Avlanan Porgies türlerinin yönetimi ve ekolojisini anlamak için 2014-2015 yıllarında oligotrofik bir kıta sahanlığı içerisindeki (Levanten Denizi) balıkçılığa kapalı (nMPA) ve balıkçılığın serbest (MPA) olduğu bölgelerde üç ayrı hatta mevsimsel olarak balık ve çevresel parametre örneklemeleri yapıldı. Bu çalışma sırasında belirlenen 13 sparid türünden beşine nadiren rastlandı. Balıkların av yoğunluklarında kılkuyruk mercan var veya yok iken mevsimsel farklılık bulunmamıştır. Bununla birlikte derinlik, bölge ve Caulerpa spp ve deniz çayırı tarafından bitkilendirilen yumuşak ve sert zeminler bakımından Sparidlerin yoğunluklarda anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu. Ekolojik olarak, N.randalli türü hariç tutulduğunda Sparid toplulukları ve faunistik karakterleri oldukça değişkenlik göstermekte ve sonuç olarak; i) mevsimsel varyasyon (düzensizlik) ortaya çıkmakta ve ii) derinliğe bağlı balık toplulukları oluşumu bozulmaktadır. N. randalli, doğu Akdeniz'in bu trofik olarak hassas körfezinde (besince oldukça fakir) ekosistemdeki biyokütle-bolluk oranına atfedilen sparid avını dengeler gibi veya tam tersi olarak etkili olduğu görünmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yerli ve olmayan (sparid karşı nemipterid) balıklar
• Mekan ve zaman içinde biyometrik dağılımları
• Rekabet veya etkileşim
• Av idaresi ve ekoloji
• Doğu Akdeniz

Proje Numarası

2014.01.0111.001

Keystone Porgy Species (Sparidae) Overcome the Alien Randall's Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus randalli) for Catch Balance in Space on An Oligotrophic Levant Shelf or Vice Versa?

Öz

Since 2008 spatiotemporal and ecological distributions of porgies (sparid, all indigenous fish) were examined in the presence or absence of Randall's threadfin bream, Nemipterus randalli in the present study area. Seasonal fish and environmental parameters samplings were conducted at three transects of the fishing (nMPA) or non-fishing (MPA) regions on an oligotrophic shelf (Levantine Sea) in 2014-2015 for understanding management and ecology of the porgies’ catches. Of 13 sparid fish determined during the present study, five species are rarely found. There were no seasonal significant differences in densities of the sparid fish with or without the alien nemipterid fish. However, there were differences in the densities by the bottom depths, the regions, and soft and hard bottoms vegetated by Caulerpa spp and meadow, respectively. Ecologically, fish assemblages and faunistic characters of the sparid fish were highly variable when excluding the N. randalli as highlighted and follows; i) seasonal variation occurred and ii) the depthwise community assemblages became irregular. N. randalli seemed to balance the sparid catch attributed to the biomass-abundance ratio in the ecosystem or vice versa in this trophically sensitive gulf (ultra-oligotrophic) of the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Non-and indigenous (sparid vs nemipterid) fish
• Biometrical distribution in space and time
• Competition or interaction
• Catch management and ecology
• Eastern Mediterranean Sea

Destekleyen Kurum

The Scientific Research Coordination Unit of Akdeniz University

Proje Numarası

2014.01.0111.001

Teşekkür

The present study was funded by the Scientific Research Coordination Unit of Akdeniz University, within framework of a project, Project no: 2014.01.0111.001, principally coordinated by Erhan Mutlu. This study was a part of Ilaria de Meo’s MSc thesis co-supervised by Erhan Mutlu and Claudia Miglietta’s MSc thesis co-supervised by M. Cengiz Deval. We thank Ahmet Şahin, M. Tunca Olguner and Cansu Olguner, and crew of “R/V Akdeniz Su” for their helps on board.

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