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Investigation of Coaching Process in terms of Neuroplasticity: A Brain-Based Approach to Restructuring Thought Patterns

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 98 - 105, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.32739/jnbs.12.3.281

Öz

Neuroplasticity is a fundamental neuroscientific principle demonstrating that the brain can be structurally and functionally reshaped throughout life via experience, learning, and repetition. This concept plays a critical role in understanding the potential for change at the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral levels. Coaching, on the other hand, is a goal-oriented developmental process that enables individuals to question their current thought patterns, enhance self-awareness, and develop cognitive flexibility. This literature-based review highlights how elements known to facilitate neuroplasticity-such as attention, emotional arousal, relational interaction, and experiential repetition-are inherently present in the coaching process. It is argued that coaching conversations provide a fertile ground for neuroplastic change, facilitating the formation of new synaptic connections, the weakening of outdated neural pathways, and the restructuring of cognitive maps. In this regard, coaching is proposed not only as a psychosocial intervention but also as a practice with the potential to induce change at the neurobiological level. This study aims to establish a theoretical framework for the intersection between coaching and neuroplasticity, while also offering a foundation for future experimental research in this field.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Kolb B, Whishaw IQ. Brain plasticity and behavior. Annu Rev Psychol. 1998;49:43–64.
  • 2. Grant AM. The impact of life coaching on goal attainment, metacognition and mental health. Soc Behav Personal. 2003;31(3):253–64.
  • 3. Doidge N. The Brain That Changes Itself: Stories of Personal Triumph from the Frontiers of Brain Science. New York: Viking; 2007.
  • 4. Brann A. Neuroscience for Coaches: How to Use the Latest Insights for the Benefit of Your Clients. 2nd ed. London: Kogan Page; 2017.
  • 5. Hebb DO. The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory. New York: Wiley; 1949.
  • 6. O’Connor J, Lages A. Coaching with NLP: How to Be a Master Coach. London: HarperCollins; 2010.
  • 7. Ives Y. What is ‘coaching’? An exploration of conflicting paradigms. Int J Evid Based Coach Mentor. 2008;6(2):100–13.
  • 8. Chun MM, Potter MC. Working memory for visual search. Nature.1995;375(6527):152–5.
  • 9. Cozolino L. The Neuroscience of Psychotherapy: Healing the Social Brain. New York: Norton; 2010.
  • 10. Arden JB. Rewire Your Brain: Think Your Way to a Better Life. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2010.
  • 11. Corsi-Cabrera M, Figueredo-Robles A, del-Río-Portilla IY, et al. Psychotherapy and brain plasticity: A review of functional neuroimaging studies. Front Psychol. 2013;4:548. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00548
  • 12. Messina I, Sambin M, Palmieri A, Viviani R. Neurobiological correlates of psychotherapy in anxiety and depression: A metaanalysis. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e74657. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0074657
  • 13. Goldin PR, Ziv M, Jazaieri H, Gross JJ. Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction versus aerobic exercise: Effects on the self-referential brain network in social anxiety disorder. Front Hum Neurosci. 2013;7:872. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00872
  • 14. Whitmore J. Coaching for Performance: GROWing Human Potential and Purpose. 5th ed. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing; 2017.
  • 15. Neenan M, Palmer S. Cognitive Behavioural Coaching. London:Routledge; 2001.
  • 16. Rock D, Schwartz J. The neuroscience of leadership. Strategy+Business. 2006;43:1–10.
  • 17. Liu Y, Wang Z, Luo H. Cognitive coaching and neurofunctional change: A pilot study using EEG and salivary cortisol. J Coach Psychol. 2020;13(2):78–91.
  • 18. Siegel DJ. Pocket Guide to Interpersonal Neurobiology: An Integrative Handbook of the Mind. New York: W.W. Norton & Company; 2012.
  • 19. Cozolino L. The Neuroscience of Human Relationships: Attachment and the Developing Social Brain. New York: Norton; 2013.
  • 20. Pascual-Leone A, Amedi A, Fregni F, Merabet LB. The plastic human brain cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2005;28:377–401.
  • 21. Rock D. Quiet Leadership: Six Steps to Transforming How You Lead. New York: HarperCollins; 2006.
  • 22. Miller EK, Cohen JD. An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2001;24:167–202.
  • 23. Goldman-Rakic PS. Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational knowledge. In: Plum F, Mountcastle V, editors. Handbook of Physiology: Higher Functions of the Brain. Vol. 5. Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society; 1987. p. 373–417.
  • 24. LeDoux JE. The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life. New York: Simon & Schuster; 1996.
  • 25. McGaugh JL. The amygdala modulates the consolidation of memories of emotionally arousing experiences. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2004;27:1–28.
  • 26. Squire LR, Wixted JT. The cognitive neuroscience of human memory since H.M. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2011;34:259–88.
  • 27. Buonomano DV, Merzenich MM. Cortical plasticity: From synapses to maps. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1998;21:149–86.
  • 28. Davidson RJ, Lutz A. Buddha’s brain: Neuroplasticity and meditation. IEEE Signal Process Mag. 2008;25(1):171–4.
  • 29. Flavell JH. Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area in cognitive-developmental research. Am Psychol. 1979;34(10):906–11.
  • 30. Shimamura AP. The role of the prefrontal cortex in dynamic filtering. Psychobiology. 2000;28(2):131–4.
  • 31. Kounios J, Beeman M. The cognitive neuroscience of insight. Annu Rev Psychol. 2009;60:197–221.
  • 32. Grant AM. An integrated model of goal-focused coaching: An evidence-based framework for teaching and practice. Int Coach Psychol Rev. 2012;7(2):146–55.
  • 33. Lazar SW, Kerr CE, Wasserman RH, Gray JR, Greve DN, Treadway MT, et al. Meditation experience is associated with increased cortical thickness. Neuroreport. 2005;16(17):1893–7
  • 34. Goleman D, Boyatzis R, McKee A. Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Boston: Harvard Business Press; 2013.
  • 35. Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI. The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015;16(4):213–25. doi:10.1038/nrn3916
  • 36. Demirtaş-Tatlidede A, Vahabzadeh-Hagh AM, Pascual-Leone A. Noninvasive brain stimulation in neurology and psychiatry. Türkiye Klinikleri J Neurol-Special Topics. 2019;13(2):124–30.
  • 37. Enriquez-Geppert S, Huster RJ, Herrmann CS. EEGNeurofeedback as a Tool to Modulate Cognition and Behavior: A Review Tutorial. Front Hum Neurosci. 2017;11:51. doi:10.3389/ fnhum.2017.00051
  • 38. Lilienfeld SO. Public skepticism of psychology: Why many people perceive the study of human behavior as unscientific. Am Psychol. 2012;67(2):111–29.
  • 39. Lefaucheur JP, Aleman A, Baeken C, et al. Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Clin Neurophysiol. 2014;125(11):2150-2206. doi:10.1016/j. clinph.2014.05.021
  • 40. O’Connor S, Cavanagh M. The neuropsychology of coaching: Theory and application. In: Cox E, Bachkirova T, Clutterbuck D, editors. The Complete Handbook of Coaching. London: SAGE; 2013. p. 146–58.
  • 41. Başaranoğlu K. The effect of changes in beliefs and patterns of thought on hormone levels in individuals having professional coaching [unpublished master dissertation]. İstanbul: Üsküdar University; 2025.
  • 42. Passmore J, Brown A. Coaching non-adult clients: A practical guide. In: Passmore J, editor. Leadership Coaching. London: Kogan Page; 2009. p. 215–26.

Koçluk Sürecinin Nöroplastisite Açısından İncelenmesi: Düşünce Kalıplarının Yeniden Yapılanmasında Beyin Temelli Bir Yaklaşım

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 98 - 105, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.32739/jnbs.12.3.281

Öz

Nöroplastisite, beynin yaşam boyunca deneyim, öğrenme ve tekrar yoluyla yapısal ve işlevsel olarak yeniden şekillenebileceğini ortaya koyan temel bir nörobilimsel ilkedir. Bu kavram, bireyin bilişsel, duygusal ve davranışsal düzeydeki değişim potansiyelini anlamada kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Diğer yandan koçluk, bireyin mevcut düşünce kalıplarını sorgulamasına, içsel farkındalık geliştirmesine ve zihinsel esneklik kazanmasına imkân tanıyan, amaç odaklı bir gelişim sürecidir. Literatür taramasına dayalı olarak yürütülen bu incelemede; dikkat, duygusal uyarım, ilişki temelli etkileşim ve deneyimsel tekrar gibi nöroplastisiteyi destekleyen etmenlerin koçluk süreci içerisinde doğal olarak yer aldığı gösterilmektedir. Koçluk görüşmelerinin, özellikle yeni sinaptik bağlantıların kurulmasına, eski nöral yolların zayıflamasına ve bireyin bilişsel haritalarını yeniden yapılandırmasına olanak tanıyan bir öğrenme ortamı sunduğu savunulmaktadır. Bu bağlamda koçluk yalnızca psikososyal bir müdahale biçimi olmanın ötesinde, nörobiyolojik düzeyde de dönüşüm yaratabilecek bir etki alanına sahiptir. Bu çalışma, koçluk uygulamalarının nöroplastisite mekanizmalarıyla nasıl örtüştüğünü kuramsal bir çerçevede ele alırken, ileride gerçekleştirilebilecek deneysel araştırmalar için de teorik bir temel sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Kolb B, Whishaw IQ. Brain plasticity and behavior. Annu Rev Psychol. 1998;49:43–64.
  • 2. Grant AM. The impact of life coaching on goal attainment, metacognition and mental health. Soc Behav Personal. 2003;31(3):253–64.
  • 3. Doidge N. The Brain That Changes Itself: Stories of Personal Triumph from the Frontiers of Brain Science. New York: Viking; 2007.
  • 4. Brann A. Neuroscience for Coaches: How to Use the Latest Insights for the Benefit of Your Clients. 2nd ed. London: Kogan Page; 2017.
  • 5. Hebb DO. The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory. New York: Wiley; 1949.
  • 6. O’Connor J, Lages A. Coaching with NLP: How to Be a Master Coach. London: HarperCollins; 2010.
  • 7. Ives Y. What is ‘coaching’? An exploration of conflicting paradigms. Int J Evid Based Coach Mentor. 2008;6(2):100–13.
  • 8. Chun MM, Potter MC. Working memory for visual search. Nature.1995;375(6527):152–5.
  • 9. Cozolino L. The Neuroscience of Psychotherapy: Healing the Social Brain. New York: Norton; 2010.
  • 10. Arden JB. Rewire Your Brain: Think Your Way to a Better Life. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2010.
  • 11. Corsi-Cabrera M, Figueredo-Robles A, del-Río-Portilla IY, et al. Psychotherapy and brain plasticity: A review of functional neuroimaging studies. Front Psychol. 2013;4:548. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00548
  • 12. Messina I, Sambin M, Palmieri A, Viviani R. Neurobiological correlates of psychotherapy in anxiety and depression: A metaanalysis. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e74657. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0074657
  • 13. Goldin PR, Ziv M, Jazaieri H, Gross JJ. Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction versus aerobic exercise: Effects on the self-referential brain network in social anxiety disorder. Front Hum Neurosci. 2013;7:872. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00872
  • 14. Whitmore J. Coaching for Performance: GROWing Human Potential and Purpose. 5th ed. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing; 2017.
  • 15. Neenan M, Palmer S. Cognitive Behavioural Coaching. London:Routledge; 2001.
  • 16. Rock D, Schwartz J. The neuroscience of leadership. Strategy+Business. 2006;43:1–10.
  • 17. Liu Y, Wang Z, Luo H. Cognitive coaching and neurofunctional change: A pilot study using EEG and salivary cortisol. J Coach Psychol. 2020;13(2):78–91.
  • 18. Siegel DJ. Pocket Guide to Interpersonal Neurobiology: An Integrative Handbook of the Mind. New York: W.W. Norton & Company; 2012.
  • 19. Cozolino L. The Neuroscience of Human Relationships: Attachment and the Developing Social Brain. New York: Norton; 2013.
  • 20. Pascual-Leone A, Amedi A, Fregni F, Merabet LB. The plastic human brain cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2005;28:377–401.
  • 21. Rock D. Quiet Leadership: Six Steps to Transforming How You Lead. New York: HarperCollins; 2006.
  • 22. Miller EK, Cohen JD. An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2001;24:167–202.
  • 23. Goldman-Rakic PS. Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational knowledge. In: Plum F, Mountcastle V, editors. Handbook of Physiology: Higher Functions of the Brain. Vol. 5. Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society; 1987. p. 373–417.
  • 24. LeDoux JE. The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life. New York: Simon & Schuster; 1996.
  • 25. McGaugh JL. The amygdala modulates the consolidation of memories of emotionally arousing experiences. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2004;27:1–28.
  • 26. Squire LR, Wixted JT. The cognitive neuroscience of human memory since H.M. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2011;34:259–88.
  • 27. Buonomano DV, Merzenich MM. Cortical plasticity: From synapses to maps. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1998;21:149–86.
  • 28. Davidson RJ, Lutz A. Buddha’s brain: Neuroplasticity and meditation. IEEE Signal Process Mag. 2008;25(1):171–4.
  • 29. Flavell JH. Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area in cognitive-developmental research. Am Psychol. 1979;34(10):906–11.
  • 30. Shimamura AP. The role of the prefrontal cortex in dynamic filtering. Psychobiology. 2000;28(2):131–4.
  • 31. Kounios J, Beeman M. The cognitive neuroscience of insight. Annu Rev Psychol. 2009;60:197–221.
  • 32. Grant AM. An integrated model of goal-focused coaching: An evidence-based framework for teaching and practice. Int Coach Psychol Rev. 2012;7(2):146–55.
  • 33. Lazar SW, Kerr CE, Wasserman RH, Gray JR, Greve DN, Treadway MT, et al. Meditation experience is associated with increased cortical thickness. Neuroreport. 2005;16(17):1893–7
  • 34. Goleman D, Boyatzis R, McKee A. Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Boston: Harvard Business Press; 2013.
  • 35. Tang YY, Hölzel BK, Posner MI. The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015;16(4):213–25. doi:10.1038/nrn3916
  • 36. Demirtaş-Tatlidede A, Vahabzadeh-Hagh AM, Pascual-Leone A. Noninvasive brain stimulation in neurology and psychiatry. Türkiye Klinikleri J Neurol-Special Topics. 2019;13(2):124–30.
  • 37. Enriquez-Geppert S, Huster RJ, Herrmann CS. EEGNeurofeedback as a Tool to Modulate Cognition and Behavior: A Review Tutorial. Front Hum Neurosci. 2017;11:51. doi:10.3389/ fnhum.2017.00051
  • 38. Lilienfeld SO. Public skepticism of psychology: Why many people perceive the study of human behavior as unscientific. Am Psychol. 2012;67(2):111–29.
  • 39. Lefaucheur JP, Aleman A, Baeken C, et al. Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Clin Neurophysiol. 2014;125(11):2150-2206. doi:10.1016/j. clinph.2014.05.021
  • 40. O’Connor S, Cavanagh M. The neuropsychology of coaching: Theory and application. In: Cox E, Bachkirova T, Clutterbuck D, editors. The Complete Handbook of Coaching. London: SAGE; 2013. p. 146–58.
  • 41. Başaranoğlu K. The effect of changes in beliefs and patterns of thought on hormone levels in individuals having professional coaching [unpublished master dissertation]. İstanbul: Üsküdar University; 2025.
  • 42. Passmore J, Brown A. Coaching non-adult clients: A practical guide. In: Passmore J, editor. Leadership Coaching. London: Kogan Page; 2009. p. 215–26.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sinirbilim (Diğer)
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Kemal Başaranoğlu 0009-0006-5076-780X

Hatice Karaer Ünaldi 0009-0007-4533-8733

Özlem Komitoğlu Yaman 0000-0002-2397-9229

Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 5 Eylül 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Başaranoğlu K, Karaer Ünaldi H, Komitoğlu Yaman Ö. Investigation of Coaching Process in terms of Neuroplasticity: A Brain-Based Approach to Restructuring Thought Patterns. JNBS. 2025;12(3):98-105.