Samsun Üniversitesi’nde sigara kullanan öğrencilerde psikolojik sıkıntı düzeyi

Öz

Amaç: Sigara kaynaklı serbest radikaller, merkezi sinir sisteminde oksidatif stresin öncülük ettiği hasara neden olmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, Samsun Üniversitesi lisans ve lisansüstü öğrencilerinde, sigara kullanımı sonucu gelişmesi muhtemel depresyon ve anksiyete düzeylerinin araştırılmasıdır. Metod: 17-30 yaş aralığında, sigara içmeyen (n=310, kontrol grubu) ve sigara içen (n=223) öğrencilerin depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri, Kessler Psikolojik Sıkıntı Ölçeği-K10 kullanılarak tespit edildi. İstatistiksel analizlerde Shapiro-Wilks testi, Independent Samples T-testi, One-Way ANOVA modeli kullanıldı. Kategorik özellikler arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson ki-kare testiyle incelendi. Bulgular: Sigara içmeyen öğrencilerin yaş ortalamasının 19,60 ve sigara içen öğrencilerin yaş ortalamasının 20,65 olduğu saptandı. Sigara kullanım oranının erkek öğrencilerde daha fazla olduğu tespit edildi (P <.001). K10’na göre sigara içmeyen grupta ve sigara içen grupta puan ortalamasının sırasıyla 25,31 ve 29,10 olduğu saptandı (P ˂.001). Sigara içmeyenlerde (P =.188) ve sigara içenlerde (P =.209), yaş ile psikolojik sıkıntı puanı arasında anlamlı doğrusal bir ilişki bulunamadı. Sigara kullanım süre (<2 yıl, 2-<5 yıl, ≥5 yıl) (P =.358) ve miktarının (<10, 10-<15, ≥15 sigara/gün) (P =.189) psikolojik sıkıntıya istatistiksel olarak etkisinin olmadığı tespit edildi. Sigara içmeyen ve sigara içen gruplardan depresyon/anksiyete için risk faktörüne sahip olanlar çıkarıldığında, kalan sigara içmeyenlerin (n=222) puanı, sigara içenlerin (n=99) puanından istatistiksel olarak daha düşüktü (P ˂.001). Puan aralıklarına göre incelendiğinde, muhtemel iyilik hali (%32,4) ve muhtemel hafif ruhsal rahatsızlık (%23,9) sigara içmeyenlerde (n=222), muhtemel ağır ruhsal rahatsızlık (%45,5) ise sigara içenlerde (n=99) anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek oranda saptandı (P <.001). Muhtemel orta düzeyde ruhsal rahatsızlık, iki grupta benzer sıklıkta saptandı. Sonuç: Depresyon/anxieteye sebep olabilecek farklı durumlar dışlandığında, 17-30 yaş aralığındaki öğrencilerde, sigaranın depresyon ve anksiyete gelişimine öncülük edebileceği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• anksiyete
• depresyon
• nörodejenerasyon
• sigara

Psychological distress level of cigarette user students at Samsun University

Öz

Objective: Free radicals caused by smoking leads oxidative stress-induced damage in central nervous system. The aim of the research was to investigate the possible depression and anxiety levels that may develop as a result of smoking in undergraduate and graduate students at Samsun University. Method: Depression and anxiety levels of 17-30 years old non-smoker (n=310, control group) and smoker (n=223) students were determined by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-K10. The Shapiro-Wilks test, the Independent Samples T-test, the One-Way ANOVA model were used for statistical analyses. Relationships between categorical features were examined by the Pearson chi-square test. Findings: The mean age of non-smoker students was 19,60 and the mean age of smoker students was 20,65. Smoking rate was higher in man students (P <.001). The average score of non-smokers and smokers were respectively 25,31 and 29,10 points, according to the K10 (P ˂.001). There were no significant linear relationship between age and psychological distress score in non-smokers (P =.188) and in smokers (P =.209). The duration (<2, 2-<5, ≥5 years) (P =.358) and the amount (<10, 10-<15, ≥15 cigarette/day) (P =.189) of smoking did not statistically effect psychological distress. When non-smokers and smokers were excluded who have risk factor for depression/anxiety, the scores of the remaining non-smokers (n=222) were statistically lower than the scores of smokers (n=99) (P ˂.001). Probable well-being (32,4%) and probable mild mental illness (23,9%) were higher in non-smokers (n=222), while probable severe mental illness (45,5%) was higher in smokers (n=99), according to score ranges (P <.001). Probable moderate mental illness was detected with similar frequency in two groups. Conclusion: When different situations which may cause depression/anxiety were excluded, it was determined that smoking may cause depression and anxiety in students between the ages of 17-30.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• anxiety
• cigarette
• depression
• neurodegeneration

Kaynakça

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