Araştırma Makalesi

Evaluation of ChatGPT's Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology

Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1 30 Mart 2026
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Evaluation of ChatGPT's Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology

Öz

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have rapidly expanded into the field of medical education, offering innovative tools for training and assessment.This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the ChatGPT-3.5 language model in the “Residency Training Progress Examination” (UEGS) and the “Competency Examination” administered by the Turkish Society of Orthopedics and Traumatology (TOTBID). The objective was to determine whether ChatGPT performs comparably to orthopedic residents and whether it can achieve a passing score in the Competency Exam. Methods: A total of 2,000 UEGS and 1,000 Competency Exam questions (2012–2023, excluding 2020) were presented to ChatGPT-3.5 using standardized prompts designed within the Role–Goals–Context (RGC) framework. The model’s responses were statistically compared with those of orthopedic residents and specialists using the Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests (p < 0.05). Results: ChatGPT achieved the highest accuracy in the General Orthopedics category (62%) and the lowest in Adult Reconstructive Surgery (40%). It outperformed residents only in the Spine Surgery category (p < 0.05). In the Competency Exams, ChatGPT passed four of ten exams. Conclusion: ChatGPT-3.5 demonstrated limited reliability and accuracy in orthopedic examinations and should be used cautiously as an educational support tool. Future studies involving newer multimodal versions of large language models may clarify their potential role in medical education and assessment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

Honorable editor No clinical patient data was used in the article we uploaded to your journal for review. The artificial intelligence algorithm we used in our study is an “open access” artificial intelligence platform. In addition, the questions asked to the artificial intelligence engine in our study are development exam questions for residents receiving Orthopedics and Traumatology education in Turkey and board questions for Orthopedics and Traumatology specialists in Turkey. These questions are available to everyone as open access. For these reasons, there was no need to obtain an ethics committee for the study. Coresponding author : Gündüz Ercan Kutluay,MD Mail :gunduzercankutluay@gmail.com Adress: Namık Kemal Mahallesi Kampüs Caddesi No:1 Süleymanpaşa-Tekirdağ

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Ortopedi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Mart 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

6 Şubat 2026

Kabul Tarihi

4 Mart 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Dinçel, Y. M., Kutluay, G. E., Sasanı, H., & Erem, M. (2026). Evaluation of ChatGPT’s Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology. Journal of Baltalimanı, 2(1), 14-19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18998621
AMA
1.Dinçel YM, Kutluay GE, Sasanı H, Erem M. Evaluation of ChatGPT’s Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology. JoB. 2026;2(1):14-19. doi:10.5281/zenodo.18998621
Chicago
Dinçel, Yaşar Mahsut, Gündüz Ercan Kutluay, Hadi Sasanı, ve Murat Erem. 2026. “Evaluation of ChatGPT’s Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology”. Journal of Baltalimanı 2 (1): 14-19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18998621.
EndNote
Dinçel YM, Kutluay GE, Sasanı H, Erem M (01 Mart 2026) Evaluation of ChatGPT’s Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology. Journal of Baltalimanı 2 1 14–19.
IEEE
[1]Y. M. Dinçel, G. E. Kutluay, H. Sasanı, ve M. Erem, “Evaluation of ChatGPT’s Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology”, JoB, c. 2, sy 1, ss. 14–19, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18998621.
ISNAD
Dinçel, Yaşar Mahsut - Kutluay, Gündüz Ercan - Sasanı, Hadi - Erem, Murat. “Evaluation of ChatGPT’s Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology”. Journal of Baltalimanı 2/1 (01 Mart 2026): 14-19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18998621.
JAMA
1.Dinçel YM, Kutluay GE, Sasanı H, Erem M. Evaluation of ChatGPT’s Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology. JoB. 2026;2:14–19.
MLA
Dinçel, Yaşar Mahsut, vd. “Evaluation of ChatGPT’s Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology”. Journal of Baltalimanı, c. 2, sy 1, Mart 2026, ss. 14-19, doi:10.5281/zenodo.18998621.
Vancouver
1.Yaşar Mahsut Dinçel, Gündüz Ercan Kutluay, Hadi Sasanı, Murat Erem. Evaluation of ChatGPT’s Performance in Residency Training Progress Exams and Competency Exams in Orthopedics and Traumatology. JoB. 01 Mart 2026;2(1):14-9. doi:10.5281/zenodo.18998621