EVALUATION OF ANXIETY, FEAR, STRESS, DEPRESSION, AND BURNOUT LEVELS OF HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PROCESS

Öz

ABSTRACT In the present study it is aimed to evaluate the anxiety, fear, stress, depression, and burnout levels of healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak. Participants were 228 (151 females, 77 males) healthcare workers at Dokuz Eylül University Research and Application Hospital in İzmir, Turkey. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Dokuz Eylül University. Sociodemographic information of the participants was collected, and the Fear of Covid-19 Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were administered. All statistical analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 24.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). All variables were screened for accuracy of data entry, missing values, and homoscedasticity. Our findings revealed that fear of Covid-19 scores of female participants were higher than the scores of male participants. Participants working in pandemic units revealed a significant difference in terms of stress [t (198.72) = 3.38, p < .001], anxiety [t (207.11) = 2.82, p = .005], depression [t (201.08) = 2.50, p = .013], emotional exhaustion [t (213.23) = 3.60, p < .001] and depersonalization [t (203.47) = 3.83, p < .001]. Moreover, there were significant differences in total FCV-19S among different professions [F (6, 221) = 5.88, p < .001]. It is crucial to support healthcare professionals through a series of psychological interventions, including counseling and psychotherapy, to reduce the psychological damage experienced by healthcare professionals in the front line in crises such as the Covid-19 outbreak. ÖZET Bu çalışmada sağlık çalışanlarının COVID-19 salgını sırasındaki kaygı, korku, stres, depresyon ve tükenmişlik düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya İzmir ilinde bulunan Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi'nden 228 sağlık çalışanı katılmıştır (151 kadın, 77 erkek). Çalışma için Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi etik kurulundan onay alınmıştır. Araştırma verileri katılımcıların sosyodemografik bilgileri toplama formu ile Covid-19 Korku Ölçeği, Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği-21 (DASS-21) ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçekleri (MBI) kullanılmıştır. Tüm istatistiksel analizler, IBM SPSS Statistics (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 24.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, ABD) kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Tüm değişkenler, veri girişinin doğruluğu, eksik değerler ve eşvaryanslık açısından taranmıştır. Bulgularımız, kadın katılımcıların Covid-19 korkusu puanlarının erkek katılımcılardan daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Pandemi birimlerinde çalışan katılımcıların stres [t (198.72) = 3.38, p < .001], kaygı [t (207.11) = 2.82, p = .005], depresyon [t (201.08) = 2.50, p = .013], duygusal tükenme [t (213.23) = 3.60, p < .001] ve duyarsızlaşma [t (203.47) = 3.83, p < .001] skorları açısından anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, farklı meslekler arasında toplam korku düzeylerinde ( FCV-19S) de önemli farklılıklar sözkonusudur [F (6, 221) = 5.88, p < .001]. Sağlık çalışanlarının Covid-19 salgını gibi krizlerde ön saflarda yaşadıkları psikolojik tahribatı azaltmak için danışmanlık ve psikoterapi dahil bir dizi psikolojik müdahale ile sağlık çalışanlarının desteklenmesi büyük önem arz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• Fear
• Anxiety
• Stress
• Depression
• Burnout
• Healthcare Professionals
• COVID-19, Fear, Anxiety, Stress, Depression, Burnout, Healthcare Professionals

Kaynakça

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