ANALYSIS OF THE BARRIERS TO INDUSTRY 4.0 ADOPTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY WITH INTERPRETATIONAL STRUCTURAL MODELING (ISM) AND MICMAC

Öz

Nowadays, Industry 4.0 has gained importance with digital technologies and Artificial Intelligence and reduces costs by enabling customized production, including three-dimensional production. It increases quality, ensures customer satisfaction and protects the environment. Industry 4.0 also transforms occupational health and safety, changing safety approaches. Despite all these positive advantages, there are still barriers in front of the applications of Industry 4.0. This study aimed to identify and analyze the potential barriers that will complicate the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the Republic of Türkiye. In this article, the word “Turkey” means the Republic of Turkey. After a comprehensive literature review, the opinions of industry experts were also taken and barriers were identified. These barriers were identified as production infrastructure, cost of installation, digital data protection, security procedures, data usage challenges, uncertain values of products, uncertainty of profit, lack of experienced workforce, production interruptions, resistance to change, government support, increased dependence on machinery, legislation and government policy. Interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and MICMAC analyzes were used to develop a hierarchical structure among the identified barriers. In addition, suggestions are made for businesses that will transition to Industry 4.0 in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Industry 4.0
• artificial intelligence
• data
• sensor
• structural modeling
• micmac analysis

TÜRKİYE’DE ENDÜSTRİ 4.0'IN BENİMSENMESİNİN ÖNÜNDEKİ ENGELLERİN YORUMLAYICI YAPISAL MODELLEME (ISM) VE MICMAC İLE ANALİZİ

Öz

Günümüzde dijital teknolojiler ve Yapay Zeka ile önem kazanan Endüstri 4.0, üç boyutlu üretim de dahil olmak üzere kişiye özel üretimi mümkün kılarak maliyetleri düşürmektedir. Kalite arttmakta, müşteri memnuniyetini sağlanmakta ve çevre korumaktadır. Endüstri 4.0 iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinde de dönüşümü sağlayarak güvenlik yaklaşımlarını değiştirmektedir. Tüm bu olumlu avantajlarına rağmen, günümüzde halen Endüstri 4.0'ın uygulamalarının önünde engeller bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde Endüstri 4.0'ın uygulanmasını zorlaştıracak potansiyel engelleri tespit etmeyi ve analiz etmeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu makalede, “Türkiye” kelimesi, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti anlamına gelmektedir. Kapsamlı literatür taramasının ardından sektör uzmanlarının görüşleri de alınarak engeller belirlenmiştir. Bu engeller üretim altyapısı, kurulum maliyeti, dijital veri koruması, güvenlik prosedürleri, veri kullanım zorlukları, ürünlerin belirsiz değerleri, kâr belirsizliği, deneyimli işgücü eksikliği, üretim kesintileri, değişime direnç, devlet desteği, makinelere artan bağımlılık, mevzuat ve hükümet politikası olarak tespit edilmiştir. Tanımlanan engeller arasında hiyerarşik bir yapı geliştirmek için yorumlayıcı yapısal modelleme (ISM) ve MICMAC analizi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, Türkiye’de Endüstri 4.0'a geçiş yapacak işletmeler için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endüstri 4.0
• yapay zekâ
• veri
• sensör
• yapısal modelleme
• micmac analizi

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