Bilgi Yönetimi ve Rekabetçilik Arasındaki İlişki: Irak Örgütleri Örneği

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 23 - 47, 24.01.2022

Saman Hamad Ameen Nasreen Othman

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, organizasyonları rekabet avantajı elde etmek için bilgi yönetimi süreçlerini uygulamaya iten en önemli argümanları belirlemekti, bir grup Iraklı kuruluş için rekabet avantajı elde etmede bilgi yönetimi uygulamasının etkisi, ve demografik değişkenler (iş unvanı, yılların tecrübesi) nedeniyle bir grup organizasyonun rekabet avantajı düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılıkların belirlenmesi. Çalışma, kesitsel tanımlayıcı bir tasarımdır. Veriler 1 Mayıs 2021'den 1 Temmuz 2021'e kadar Irak/Erbil'deki farklı kuruluşlarda toplanmıştır. Araştırmacılar, 450 anketi dağıtmak için internet üzerinden bir program kullandılar. 400 anket alınıp doğru bir şekilde doldurulduğu ve 50 anketin kaybolduğu için çalışma örneklem büyüklüğü 400 kişiydi. Yazarlar, COVID- 19 salgını nedeniyle bilgi almak ve insanlarla röportaj yapmak için kuruluşlara saha ziyaretleri gerçekleştiremedi. Çalışmanın sonuçları, bilgi yönetiminin rekabet avantajı elde edilmesini etkilediğini göstermiştir, rekabet avantajı elde etmede bilgi yönetimi süreçlerini uygulamanın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi gösterdi, ve Kuruluşlar, bilgiyi kuruluşta yaymaya yardımcı olan hedefler belirlediklerinde daha rekabetçi, daha sürdürülebilir ve etkilidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bilgi Yönetimi, Organizasyonlar, Rekabet Gücü, Irak.

The Relationship Between Knowledge Management and Competitiveness: The Case of Iraqi Organizations

Öz

The purpose of the study was to identify the most important arguments that drive organizations to apply knowledge management processes to achieve a competitive advantage, detection the impact of the application of knowledge management in achieving the competitive advantage of a group of Iraqi organizations, and determine statistically significant differences in the level of competitive advantage for a group of organizations due to demographic variables (job title, years of experience). The study was a descriptive cross-sectional design; data was collected in the different organizations in Iraq/Erbil from 1 May 2021 to 1 July 2021. The researchers used an online program to distribute 450 questionnaires. The study's sample size was 400 individuals since 400 questionnaires were received and completed correctly, and 50 questionnaires were missing. The authors were unable to conduct field visits to organizations to acquire information and personally interview people due to the COVID-19 outbreak. The findings of the study indicated that knowledge management affects the achievement of competitive advantage, there was a statistically significant effect of applying knowledge management processes in achieving competitive advantage, the organizations are more competitive, more sustainable and effective when they set goals that help spread knowledge in the organization.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Knowledge Management, Organizations, Competitiveness, Iraq

Kaynakça

• Ahmad, S., & Schroeder, R. G. (2011). Knowledge management through technology strategy: implications for competitiveness. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management.
• Akdere, M. (2009). The role of knowledge management in quality management practices: Achieving performance excellence in organizations. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 11(3), 349-361.
• Alawneh, A. A., Abuali, A., & Almarabeh, T. Y. (2009). The role of knowledge management in enhancing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Communications of the IBIMA, 10(13), 98-109.
• Algahtani, K. (2019). Knowledge management practices in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia public sector organisations.
• Allard, S., & Holsapple, C. W. (2002). Knowledge management as a key for e-business competitiveness: from the knowledge chain to KM Audits. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 42(5), 19-25.
• Andreeva, T., & Kianto, A. (2012). Does knowledge management really matter? Linking knowledge management practices, competitiveness and economic performance. Journal of knowledge management.
• Apulu, I., & Latham, A. (2009). Knowledge management: facilitator for SME's competitiveness in Nigeria. Paper presented at the UK Academy for Information Systems Conference Proceedings 2009.
• Aujirapongpan, S., Vadhanasindhu, P., Chandrachai, A., & Cooparat, P. (2010). Indicators of knowledge management capability for KM effectiveness. Vine.
• bin Suhaimee, S., Bakar, A. Z. A., & Alias, R. A. (2005). Knowledge management implementation in Malaysian public institution of higher education. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Postgraduate Annual Research Seminar.
• Bogner, W. C., & Bansal, P. (2007). Knowledge management as the basis of sustained high performance. Journal of Management studies, 44(1), 165-188.
• Bou-Llusar, J. C., Escrig-Tena, A. B., Roca-Puig, V., & Beltrán-Martín, I. (2009). An empirical assessment of the EFQM Excellence Model: Evaluation as a TQM framework relative to the MBNQA Model. Journal of operations management, 27(1), 1-22.
• Buheji, M. J. (2013). Knowledge management influence on government organisations competitiveness. Brunel University Brunel Business School PhD Theses. Carneiro, A. (2000). How does knowledge management influence innovation and competitiveness? Journal of knowledge management.
• Cooke, P., & Leydesdorff, L. (2006). Regional development in the knowledge-based economy: The construction of advantage. The journal of technology Transfer, 31(1), 5-15.
• Cranfield, D. J., & Taylor, J. (2008). Knowledge management and higher education: A UK case study. Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management, 6(2).
• Dimitriades, Z. S. (2005). Creating strategic capabilities: organizational learning and knowledge management in the new economy. European Business Review.
• Druker, P. (2002). Managing in the Next Society, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
• Dwyer, L., & Kim, C. (2003). Destination competitiveness: determinants and indicators. Current issues in tourism, 6(5), 369-414.
• Egbu, C. O., Hari, S., & Renukappa, S. H. (2005). Knowledge management for sustainable competitiveness in small and medium surveying practices. Structural survey.
• Grant, K. A., & Grant, C. T. (2008). Developing a model of next generation knowledge management. Issues in Informing Science & Information Technology, 5.
• Hlupic, V., Pouloudi, A., & Rzevski, G. (2002). Towards an integrated approach to knowledge management: ‘hard’, ‘soft’and ‘abstract’issues. Knowledge and Process Management, 9(2), 90-102.
• Holsapple, C. W., & Singh, M. (2003). The knowledge chain model: activities for competitiveness Handbook on knowledge management (pp. 215-251): Springer.
• Kabir, N. (2017). The impact of semantic knowledge management system on firms' innovation and competitiveness. Newcastle University.
• Kidwell, J. J., Vander Linde, K., & Johnson, S. L. (2000). Applying corporate knowledge management practices in higher education. Educause quarterly, 23(4), 28-33.
• Lin, H. F. (2007). Knowledge sharing and firm innovation capability: an empirical study. International Journal of manpower.
• Liu, P.-L., Chen, W.-C., & Tsai, C.-H. (2004). An empirical study on the correlation between knowledge management capability and competitiveness in Taiwan’s industries. Technovation, 24(12), 971-977.
• Loermans, J. (2002). Synergizing the learning organization and knowledge management. Journal of knowledge management.
• Martín‐Castilla, J. I., & Rodríguez‐Ruiz, Ó. (2008). EFQM model: knowledge governance and competitive advantage. Journal of intellectual capital.
• Menkhoff, T., Chay, Y. W., & Loh, B. (2004). Notes from an ‘Intelligent Island’: Towards strategic knowledge management in Singapore’s small business sector. Internationales Asienforum, 35(1-2), 85.
• Menon, A., Chowdhury, J., & Lukas, B. A. (2002). Antecedents and outcomes of new product development speed: An interdisciplinary conceptual framework. Industrial Marketing Management, 31(4), 317-328.
• Mohamad, M. R., & Zin, N. M. (2019). Knowledge management and the competitiveness of small construction firms: Innovation as mediator. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal.
• Numprasertchai, S., & Poovarawan, Y. (2006). Enhancing university competitiveness through ICT based knowledge management system. Paper presented at the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and Technology.
• Orna, E. (2017). Information strategy in practice: Routledge.
• Phusavat, K., Anussornnitisarn, P., Patthananurak, P., Kekale, T., & Helo, P. (2010). Sustaining organisational development through knowledge management in the public sector. International Journal of Sustainable Economy, 2(1), 16-31.
• Porter, M. E. (2011). Competitive advantage of nations: creating and sustaining superior performance: simon and schuster.
• Pyo, S., Uysal, M., & Chang, H. (2002). Knowledge discovery in database for tourist destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 40(4), 374-384.
• Rhodes, J., Hung, R., Lok, P., Lien, B. Y. H., & Wu, C. M. (2008). Factors influencing organizational knowledge transfer: implication for corporate performance. Journal of knowledge management.
• Riege, A., & Lindsay, N. (2006). Knowledge management in the public sector: stakeholder partnerships in the public policy development. Journal of knowledge management.
• Rosenau, J. (2003). Distant proximities. Dynamics beyond globalization. Princeton university press. Princeton, NJ.
• Salleh, K., & Ahmad, S. N. S. (2005). KM in the Local Authorities–A suitable platform for E-Government. Paper presented at the International Conference on KM, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM).
• Simaškienė, T., & Dromantaitė-Stancikienė, A. (2014). Influence of knowledge management to the competitiveness of enterprises.
• Singh, S. K. (2008). Role of leadership in knowledge management: a study. Journal of knowledge management.
• Sulisworo, D. (2012). Enabling ICT and knowledge management to enhance competitiveness of higher education institutions. International journal of Education, 4(1), 112-121.
• Taib, K. M., Yatin, S. F. M., Ahmad, A. R., & Mansor, A. N. (2008). Knowledge management and competitive intelligence: A synergy for organizational competitiveness in the K-Economy. Communications of the IBIMA, 6, 25-34.
• Yeh, Y. J., Lai, S. Q., & Ho, C. T. (2006). Knowledge management enablers: a case study. Industrial Management & Data Systems.
• Zack, M. (2009). Developing Knowledge Strategy,„California Management Review" Vol. 41, No 3.
• Zheng, W., Yang, B., & McLean, G. N. (2010). Linking organizational culture, structure, strategy, and organizational effectiveness: Mediating role of knowledge management. Journal of Business research, 63(7), 763-771.