Araştırma Makalesi

Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes?

Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3 30 Eylül 2026
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Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes?

Öz

Abstract Introduction: Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography enables real-time visualization of hypervascular parathyroid tissue and has shown promise as an intraoperative navigational tool. However, its specific additive value in focused parathyroidectomy—beyond preoperative localization and naked-eye exploration—remains unclear, particularly regarding surgical cure rates. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 35 consecutive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism undergoing focused parathyroidectomy at a single center between January 2024 and May 2025. Patients were stratified by intraoperative ICG use (ICG group, n=17) versus no ICG (non-ICG group, n=18). Preoperative localization (ultrasonography and sestamibi scintigraphy), naked-eye exploration (NEE), intraoperative PTH monitoring, surgical approach, and outcomes were compared. Cure was defined as normocalcemia and normal PTH levels at 6 months. Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable except for higher ultrasonography positivity and transoral approaches in the ICG group. Overall cure rate was 97.1% (94.1% ICG vs. 100% non-ICG, p=0.486). Among 17 ICG cases, 15 glands showed positive fluorescence. ICG identified the adenoma in one NEE-negative case despite concordant preoperative imaging, while one ICG-negative case resulted in persistent disease. No significant additive benefit of ICG on cure rates was observed across preoperative localization subgroups (all p>0.05). Conclusion: In focused parathyroidectomy with adequate preoperative localization, routine ICG fluorescence angiography does not significantly improve cure rates. However, it may serve as a valuable “rescue” tool for intraoperative navigation in selected cases where naked-eye identification is challenging, independent of preoperative imaging. Keywords: Primary hyperparathyroidism, Focused parathyroidectomy, Indocyanine green, Near-infrared fluorescence, Intraoperative navigation

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

This study was approved by the Ethical Review committee of the University of Health Sciences, Antalya Training and Research Hospital (Approval No: 22/33).

Kaynakça

  1. Bilezikian JP, Khan AA, Silverberg SJ, Fuleihan GE, Marcocci C, Minisola S, et al. Evaluation and Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Summary Statement and Guidelines from the Fifth International Workshop. J Bone Miner Res. 2022;37(11):2293-2314. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.4677
  2. Wilhelm SM, Wang TS, Ruan DT, Lee JA, Asa SL, Duh QY, et al. The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons Guidelines for Definitive Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. JAMA Surg. 2016;151(10):959-968. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.2310
  3. Zaidi N, Bucak E, Yazici P, Soundararajan S, Okoh A, Yigitbas H, et al. The feasibility of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging for identifying and assessing the perfusion of parathyroid glands during total thyroidectomy. J Surg Oncol. 2016;113(7):775-8. doi: 10.1002/jso.24237
  4. Barczynski M, Konturek A, Cichon S, Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A, Golkowski F, Huszno B. Intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay improves outcomes of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy mainly in patients with a presumed solitary parathyroid adenoma and missing concordance of preoperative imaging. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2007;66(6):878-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.02827.x
  5. Spartalis E, Ntokos G, Georgiou K, Zografos G, Tsourouflis G, Dimitroulis D, et al. Intraoperative Indocyanine Green (ICG) Angiography for the Identification of the Parathyroid Glands: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. In Vivo. 2020;34(1):23-32. doi: 10.21873/invivo.11741
  6. Vidal Fortuny J, Belfontali V, Sadowski SM, Karenovics W, Guigard S, Triponez F. Parathyroid gland angiography with indocyanine green fluorescence to predict parathyroid function after thyroid surgery. Br J Surg. 2016;103(5):537-43. doi: 10.1002/bjs.10101
  7. De Leeuw F, Breuskin I, Abbaci M, Casiraghi O, Mirghani H, Ben Lakhdar A, et al. Intraoperative Near-infrared Imaging for Parathyroid Gland Identification by Auto-fluorescence: A Feasibility Study. World J Surg. 2016;40(9):2131-8. doi: 10.1007/s00268-016-3571-5
  8. Moreno-Llorente P, Pascua-Solé M, García-Barrasa A, Muñoz-de-Nova JL. Indocyanine green (ICG) angiography-guided thyroidectomy: description of surgical technique. Front Surg. 2023;10:1217764. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1217764

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Genel Cerrahi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Eylül 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

22 Haziran 2026

Kabul Tarihi

24 Eylül 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA
Turan, M. İ. (2026). Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes? Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 9(3), 1170-1179. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1976583
AMA
1.Turan Mİ. Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes? J Cukurova Anesth Surg. 2026;9(3):1170-1179. doi:10.36516/jocass.1976583
Chicago
Turan, Mehmet İlker. 2026. “Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes?”. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences 9 (3): 1170-79. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1976583.
EndNote
Turan Mİ (01 Eylül 2026) Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes? Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences 9 3 1170–1179.
IEEE
[1]M. İ. Turan, “Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes?”, J Cukurova Anesth Surg, c. 9, sy 3, ss. 1170–1179, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.36516/jocass.1976583.
ISNAD
Turan, Mehmet İlker. “Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes?”. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences 9/3 (01 Eylül 2026): 1170-1179. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1976583.
JAMA
1.Turan Mİ. Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes? J Cukurova Anesth Surg. 2026;9:1170–1179.
MLA
Turan, Mehmet İlker. “Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes?”. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, c. 9, sy 3, Eylül 2026, ss. 1170-9, doi:10.36516/jocass.1976583.
Vancouver
1.Mehmet İlker Turan. Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography as a Navigational Adjunct in Focused Parathyroidectomy: Does It Contribute to Surgical Outcomes? J Cukurova Anesth Surg. 01 Eylül 2026;9(3):1170-9. doi:10.36516/jocass.1976583

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