Araştırma Makalesi

Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study

Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3 30 Eylül 2026
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Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study

Öz

Abstract Aim: Propofol injection pain is a frequent adverse event during anesthetic induction. This study investigated whether systemic inflammatory markers, including SII, NLR, and PLR, are associated with propofol injection pain and whether clinical factors can predict its development. Methods: This observational case-control study included 84 ASA I–II adult patients undergoing elective surgery. Propofol injection pain was assessed using the McCrirrick-Hunter four-point scale and patients were categorized as pain absent or pain present. Demographic data, BMI, preoperative anxiety, and hematological inflammatory markers were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression and ROC analyses were performed. Results: Propofol injection pain was observed in 53 patients (63.1%). Pain was more frequent in female patients and in those with lower height and body weight. No significant differences were found in SII, NLR, or PLR between groups. Female sex was the only independent predictor of pain, while BMI showed a non-significant inverse trend. SII had no discriminative value, whereas a combined model of female sex and BMI showed modest predictive performance. Conclusions: Routine inflammatory markers were not associated with propofol injection pain and did not provide meaningful predictive value. Female sex appeared to be an independent risk factor, and lower BMI may increase susceptibility. These findings suggest that individual patient characteristics may be more relevant than systemic inflammatory status in predicting propofol injection pain. Keywords: Propofol; Injection Pain; Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index; Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio; Body Mass Index; Sex Differences.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Anesteziyoloji

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Eylül 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

27 Haziran 2026

Kabul Tarihi

24 Eylül 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA
Gunduz, E., Savas, M., Tas, Y. A., Yeksan, A. N., Say, A. N., Duman, İ., & Apiliogullari, S. (2026). Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 9(3), 1256-1265. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1980193
AMA
1.Gunduz E, Savas M, Tas YA, vd. Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study. J Cukurova Anesth Surg. 2026;9(3):1256-1265. doi:10.36516/jocass.1980193
Chicago
Gunduz, Ergun, Merve Savas, Yigit Ali Tas, vd. 2026. “Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study”. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences 9 (3): 1256-65. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1980193.
EndNote
Gunduz E, Savas M, Tas YA, Yeksan AN, Say AN, Duman İ, Apiliogullari S (01 Eylül 2026) Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences 9 3 1256–1265.
IEEE
[1]E. Gunduz vd., “Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study”, J Cukurova Anesth Surg, c. 9, sy 3, ss. 1256–1265, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.36516/jocass.1980193.
ISNAD
Gunduz, Ergun - Savas, Merve - Tas, Yigit Ali - Yeksan, Ayse Nur - Say, Asude Nur - Duman, İpek - Apiliogullari, Seza. “Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study”. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences 9/3 (01 Eylül 2026): 1256-1265. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1980193.
JAMA
1.Gunduz E, Savas M, Tas YA, Yeksan AN, Say AN, Duman İ, Apiliogullari S. Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study. J Cukurova Anesth Surg. 2026;9:1256–1265.
MLA
Gunduz, Ergun, vd. “Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study”. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, c. 9, sy 3, Eylül 2026, ss. 1256-65, doi:10.36516/jocass.1980193.
Vancouver
1.Ergun Gunduz, Merve Savas, Yigit Ali Tas, Ayse Nur Yeksan, Asude Nur Say, İpek Duman, Seza Apiliogullari. Clinical and Hematological Predictors of Propofol Injection Pain: Case-Control Study. J Cukurova Anesth Surg. 01 Eylül 2026;9(3):1256-65. doi:10.36516/jocass.1980193

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