Araştırma Makalesi

Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds

Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2 31 Ağustos 2020
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Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds

Öz

Introduction Automatic detection of S1 and S2 heart sounds is critical for diagnostic decision support systems that use heart sound as a means for decision making. There were previously suggested methods in the literature but offline nature of these analysis is impractical since the output is needed during the auscultation not later. The aim of this study was to provide an algorithm for real-time detection of S1 and S2. Materials and Methods A total of 25 patients were included for the study. Group 1 consisted of healthy individuals. Group 2 consists of patients with systolic murmurs, diastolic murmurs, physiological or paradoxical splitting. Group 3 consisted of pathological atrial and ventricular gallops. The suggested method first filtered the audio data then an envelope is constructed from the signal energy. The standard deviation of the envelope is employed as a threshold value for peak detection. Consecutive three peak values are utilized to estimate current and future locations of S1 and S2 and heart rate. These future estimates are used to optimize misinterpretations in S1 and S2 locations of the next heart cycle. Results Group 1 included 24% of the study group; Group 2 included 64% and Group 3 included 12% of the patients. The detection rate was 92%, 75% and 46% for Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 patients, respectively. The overall success rate for all study population was 75%. Conclusion In this study, the feasibility of real time detection of S1 and S2 is shown. The method achieved 75 % success rate in Group 2 patients, although S1 and S2 sounds were barely visible in most of the cases. The fall in success rate in Group 3 patients is consistent with the findings in literature, since S3 and S4 are usually misinterpreted as S1 and S2 in severe gallop cases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teşekkür

We thank Emre Turgay for his exceptional contributions on creating the algorithm and software of this study.

Kaynakça

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  2. 2. Iversen K, Søgaard Teisner A, Dalsgaard M, et al. Effect of teaching and type of stethoscope on cardiac auscultatory performance. Am Heart J. 2006;152(1):85.e1‐85.e857. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2006.04.013
  3. 3. Malarvili MB, Kamarulafizam I, Hussain SZ, et al. Heart sound segmentation algorithm based on instantaneous energy of electrocardiogram. Computers in Cardiology, 2003; 327-330.
  4. 4. El-Segaier M, Lilja O, Lukkarinen S, Sörnmo L, Sepponen R, Pesonen E. Computer-based detection and analysis of heart sound and murmur. Ann Biomed Eng. 2005;33(7):937‐942. doi:10.1007/s10439-005-4053-3
  5. 5. Liang H, Lukkarinen S, Hartimo I. Heart sound segmentation algorithm based on heart sound envelogram. Computers in Cardiology 1997; 105-108. doi: 10.1109/CIC.1997.647841
  6. 6. Kumar D, Carvalho P, Antunes M, et al. Detection of S1 and S2 heart sounds by high frequency signatures. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2006;2006:1410‐1416. doi:10.1109/IEMBS.2006.260735
  7. 7. Hebden JR,Torry JN. Neural network and conventional classifiers to distinguish between first and second heart sounds. IEE Colloquium on Artificial Intelligence Methods for Biomedical Data Processing, London, UK, 1996. 1996;3/1-3/6, doi: 10.1049/ic:19960638.
  8. 8. Stasis AC, Loukis E, Pavlopoulos S, et al. Using decision tree algorithms as a basis for a heart sound diagnosis decision support system. 4th International IEEE EMBS Special Topic Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, 2003. 2003;354-357.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Ağustos 2020

Gönderilme Tarihi

23 Mayıs 2020

Kabul Tarihi

17 Haziran 2020

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2020 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Turgay Yıldırım, Ö., & Turgay, A. (2020). Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 3(2), 62-68. https://izlik.org/JA99HE43CX
AMA
1.Turgay Yıldırım Ö, Turgay A. Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds. J Cukurova Anesth Surg. 2020;3(2):62-68. https://izlik.org/JA99HE43CX
Chicago
Turgay Yıldırım, Özge, ve Ayşegül Turgay. 2020. “Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds”. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences 3 (2): 62-68. https://izlik.org/JA99HE43CX.
EndNote
Turgay Yıldırım Ö, Turgay A (01 Ağustos 2020) Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences 3 2 62–68.
IEEE
[1]Ö. Turgay Yıldırım ve A. Turgay, “Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds”, J Cukurova Anesth Surg, c. 3, sy 2, ss. 62–68, Ağu. 2020, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA99HE43CX
ISNAD
Turgay Yıldırım, Özge - Turgay, Ayşegül. “Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds”. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences 3/2 (01 Ağustos 2020): 62-68. https://izlik.org/JA99HE43CX.
JAMA
1.Turgay Yıldırım Ö, Turgay A. Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds. J Cukurova Anesth Surg. 2020;3:62–68.
MLA
Turgay Yıldırım, Özge, ve Ayşegül Turgay. “Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds”. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, c. 3, sy 2, Ağustos 2020, ss. 62-68, https://izlik.org/JA99HE43CX.
Vancouver
1.Özge Turgay Yıldırım, Ayşegül Turgay. Real Tıme Detection of S1 and S2 Heart Sounds. J Cukurova Anesth Surg [Internet]. 01 Ağustos 2020;3(2):62-8. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA99HE43CX

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