Pediatrik Beyin Sapı Glioblastomu: Tedavi Stratejileri Hakkında Sistematik Bir İnceleme

Öz

Beyin sapı tümörleri nadir görülen patolojilerdir, beyin sapı glioblastomu daha da nadirdir. Beyin sapı tümörleri için subtotal tümör rezeksiyonu uygulanan ve beyin sapı glioblastomu tanısı alan üç pediatrik hastayı sunmaktayız. Bu hastaların klinik gidişatlarını ve tedavi prosedürlerini, kapsamlı bir literatür taraması eşliğinde tartışmaktayız. Beyin sapında yerleşimli yüksek dereceli gliomaların tedavisinde steroidler, cerrahi rezeksiyon, radyoterapi ve kemoterapi bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, bu tedavi yöntemlerinden hiçbiri hayatta kalma süresini etkili bir şekilde uzatmamaktadır. Literatüre göre, bu hastaların medyan genel sağ kalımı yaklaşık 9 ila 12 ay arasındadır. Glioblastom histopatolojisi, yüksek dereceli beyin sapı gliomaları olan pediatrik hastalarda kötü prognoz göstergesidir. Radyoterapi, uzun vadede değil ancak ilk 9 aylık süreçte mortalite riskinde azalma ile ilişkili olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beyin sapı
• Glioblastom
• Pediatrik
• Kemoterapi
• Radyoterapi

Pediatric Brainstem Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review about Treatment Strategies

Abstract

Brainstem tumors are rare pathologies, brainstem glioblastoma is even rarer. We report three pediatric patients who underwent subtotal tumor resection for brainstem tumors diagnosed as brainstem glioblastoma. The clinical courses and treatment procedures were discussed alongside a comprehensive literature review. Treatment of brainstem high-grade gliomas includes steroids, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, none of these treatment modalities effectively prolongs survival time. According to literature, the median overall survival of these patients are approximately between 9 to 12 months. Glioblastoma has a poor prognosis in pediatric patients with high-grade brainstem gliomas. Radiotherapy is associated with a decreased risk of mortality at 9 months but not long-term.

Keywords

• Brainstem
• Glioblastoma
• Pediatric
• Chemotherapy
• Radiotherapy

Kaynakça

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