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COVID-19 Dalgalarının ve Sokağa Çıkma Yasaklarının Acil Servis Başvuruları ve Yoğun Bakım Ünitesine Yatışlar Üzerindeki Etkisi: Retrospektif Bir Analiz

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 30 - 34

Öz

Amaç:
Bu çalışma, COVID-19 pandemisinin Türkiye’de acil servis (AS) kullanımı ve yoğun bakım ünitesine (YBÜ) yatışlar üzerindeki etkisini, sokağa çıkma yasakları sırasında COVID-19 dışı başvurulardaki değişikliklere odaklanarak değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.
Yöntemler:
COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında Türkiye'deki bir üçüncül sağlık merkezinde acil servis ve YBÜ yatış verileri retrospektif olarak analiz edilmiştir. Veriler, COVID-19 ve COVID-19 dışı vakalar olarak kategorize edilmiştir ve sokağa çıkma yasaklarına göre gruplandırılmıştır. Sağlık hizmetleri kullanımındaki eğilimleri değerlendirmek ve bulguların güvenilirliğini sorgulamak için gelişmiş istatistiksel yöntemler, özellikle Bayesian Yapısal Zaman Serisi modellemesi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular:
Pandemi sırasında COVID-19 dışı acil servis başvuruları önemli ölçüde azalmıştır (p=0.00075), en belirgin azalmaların sokağa çıkma yasakları sırasında gerçekleştiği gözlemlenmiştir (p=0.00084). İlk sokağa çıkma yasağında YBÜ yatışları önemli ölçüde artmış (p=0.00029), COVID-19 acil servis başvurularında ise değişiklik olmamıştır (p=0.09358). İkinci sokağa çıkma yasağında, COVID-19 acil servis başvuruları artmış (p=0.000001), COVID-19 dışı başvurular azalmış (p=0.00019), YBÜ yatışları ise anlamlı olmayan bir azalma göstermiştir (p=0.10771). Bu bulgular, pandemide sağlık hizmetleri kullanımında ve yoğun bakım talebinde kaymalar olduğunu göstermektedir.
Sonuç:
COVID-19 pandemisi, sağlık hizmetleri kullanımını önemli ölçüde değiştirmiş, COVID-19 dışı acil servis başvurularını azaltmış ancak YBÜ yatış oranlarını etkilememiştir. Bu bulgular, krizler sırasında sağlık hizmeti sunumunun optimize edilmesi için güçlü halk sağlığı stratejilerine, iyileştirilmiş triage sistemlerine ve halk eğitimine olan ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır. COVID-19 dışı hastalıklar için gecikmiş bakımın uzun vadeli etkilerini değerlendirmek için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Kaynakça

  • 1.Notıfıcatıon On The Implementatıon Procedures And Prıncıples Of Emergency Servıces In Health Care Facılıtıes. Available from: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2022/09/20220913-5.htm ( access date:2024 Dec 02)
  • 2.Şimşek Ö. General overview of triage systems and determining factors affecting emergency department applications in Turkey using logistic regression. Sosyal Güvence. 2018;13:84-115.
  • 3.Payza U. Karakaya Z, Topal FE. An Unsolvable Public Health Problem; Improper Use of Emergency Services and Patients’ Views. CBU-SBED. 2020;7(3):251-6.
  • 4.Çopur Ö, Muratdağı G, Yurumez Y, et al. Evaluation of Eligibility of Emergency Service Applications in a Public Hospital: The Case of Sakarya Province. OTSBD. 2022;7(4):553-9. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1068046
  • 5.Helgeland J, Telle KE, Grøsland M, et al. Admissions to Norwegian hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scand J Public Health. 2021;49(7):681-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948211000813
  • 6.Morello F, Bima P, Ferreri E, et al. After the first wave and beyond lockdown: long-lasting changes in emergency department visit number, characteristics, diagnoses, and hospital admissions. Intern Emerg Med. 2021;16(6):1683-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-021-02667-2
  • 7.Açıksarı K, Kınık K. Process Management and Outcomes of the Emergency Department of a Training and Research Hospital in Turkey During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Anatolian Clinic J Med Sci. 2020;25(3):150-8. https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.740776
  • 8.Reschen ME, Bowen J, Novak A, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department attendances and acute medical admissions. BMC Emerg Med. 2021;2;1:143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00529-w
  • 9.Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health. General Coronavirus Table. Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66935/genel-koronavirus-tablosu.html (accessed 04 December 2024)
  • 10.Republic of Türkiye, Ministry of Internal Affairs. Curfew Circular. Available from: https://www.icisleri.gov.tr/koronavirus-ile-mucadele-kapsaminda-sokaga-cikma-kisitlamalari---yeni-kisitlama-ve-tedbirler-genelgeleri (accessed 02 December 2024)
  • 11.Brodersen KH, Gallusser F, Koehler J, et al. Inferring Causal Impact using Bayesian Structural Time–Series Models. The Annals of Applied Statistics. 2015;(9):247–74. https://doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS788
  • 12.Rennert-May E, Leal J, Thanh NX, et al. The impact of COVID-19 on hospital admissions and emergency department visits: A population-based study. PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0252441. Published 2021 Jun 1. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252441
  • 13.Dijk R, Plaum P, Tummers S, et al. First and second wave dynamics of emergency department utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective study in 3 hospitals in The Netherlands. PLoS One. 2023;18(2):e0279105. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279105
  • 14.Yorsaeng R, Suntronwong N, Thongpan I, et al. The impact of COVID-19 and control measures on public health in Thailand, 2020. PeerJ. 2022;10:e12960. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12960
  • 15.Oktay C, Cete Y, Eray O, et al. Appropriateness of emergency department visits in a Turkish university hospital. Croat Med J. 2003;44:585-91.
  • 16.Galanis P, Siskou O, Charalambous G, et al. Inappropriate use of public hospitals emergency departments in Greece: Magnitude and associated factors. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2019 Jul 4;262:224-7. https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190059
  • 17.Naouri D, Ranchon G, Vuagnat A, et al. French Society of Emergency Medicine. Factors associated with inappropriate use of emergency departments: Findings from a cross-sectional national study in France. BMJ Qual Saf. 2020 Jun;29(6):449-64. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009396
  • 18.Afilalo M, Guttman A, Colacone A, et al. Emergency department use and misuse. J Emerg Med. 1995;13:259-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/0736-4679(94)00157-X Korku C. COVID-19 pandemisinde tele-tıbbın kullanımı. HSİD. 2021;24(3):619-632.

Impact of COVID-19 Waves and Lockdowns on Emergency Department Visits and Intensive Care Unit Admissions: A Retrospective Analysis

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 30 - 34

Öz

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department (ED) utilization and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions in Turkey, focusing on changes in non-COVID-19 visits during curfew periods.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on ED and ICU admission data from a tertiary care hospital in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were categorized into COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases and stratified based on curfew periods. Advanced statistical methods, including Bayesian Structural Time Series modeling, were used to evaluate trends in healthcare utilization and assess the reliability of findings.
Results:
Non-COVID-19 emergency department (ED) visits significantly decreased during the pandemic (p=0.00075), with the most notable reductions during lockdowns (p=0.00084). In the first lockdown, ICU admissions increased significantly (p=0.00029), while COVID-19 ED visits remained unchanged (p=0.09358). During the second lockdown, COVID-19 ED visits rose (p=0.000001), non-COVID-19 visits decreased (p=0.00019), and ICU admissions showed a non-significant numerical decline (p=0.10771). These findings indicate shifts in healthcare utilization and critical care demands during the pandemic.
Conclusion:
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered healthcare utilization patterns, reducing non-COVID-19 ED visits without affecting ICU admission rates. These findings underscore the need for robust public health strategies, including improved triage systems and public education, to optimize healthcare delivery during crises. Further research is warranted to assess the long-term implications of delayed care for non-COVID-19 conditions.

Kaynakça

  • 1.Notıfıcatıon On The Implementatıon Procedures And Prıncıples Of Emergency Servıces In Health Care Facılıtıes. Available from: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2022/09/20220913-5.htm ( access date:2024 Dec 02)
  • 2.Şimşek Ö. General overview of triage systems and determining factors affecting emergency department applications in Turkey using logistic regression. Sosyal Güvence. 2018;13:84-115.
  • 3.Payza U. Karakaya Z, Topal FE. An Unsolvable Public Health Problem; Improper Use of Emergency Services and Patients’ Views. CBU-SBED. 2020;7(3):251-6.
  • 4.Çopur Ö, Muratdağı G, Yurumez Y, et al. Evaluation of Eligibility of Emergency Service Applications in a Public Hospital: The Case of Sakarya Province. OTSBD. 2022;7(4):553-9. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1068046
  • 5.Helgeland J, Telle KE, Grøsland M, et al. Admissions to Norwegian hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scand J Public Health. 2021;49(7):681-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948211000813
  • 6.Morello F, Bima P, Ferreri E, et al. After the first wave and beyond lockdown: long-lasting changes in emergency department visit number, characteristics, diagnoses, and hospital admissions. Intern Emerg Med. 2021;16(6):1683-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-021-02667-2
  • 7.Açıksarı K, Kınık K. Process Management and Outcomes of the Emergency Department of a Training and Research Hospital in Turkey During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Anatolian Clinic J Med Sci. 2020;25(3):150-8. https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.740776
  • 8.Reschen ME, Bowen J, Novak A, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department attendances and acute medical admissions. BMC Emerg Med. 2021;2;1:143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00529-w
  • 9.Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health. General Coronavirus Table. Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66935/genel-koronavirus-tablosu.html (accessed 04 December 2024)
  • 10.Republic of Türkiye, Ministry of Internal Affairs. Curfew Circular. Available from: https://www.icisleri.gov.tr/koronavirus-ile-mucadele-kapsaminda-sokaga-cikma-kisitlamalari---yeni-kisitlama-ve-tedbirler-genelgeleri (accessed 02 December 2024)
  • 11.Brodersen KH, Gallusser F, Koehler J, et al. Inferring Causal Impact using Bayesian Structural Time–Series Models. The Annals of Applied Statistics. 2015;(9):247–74. https://doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS788
  • 12.Rennert-May E, Leal J, Thanh NX, et al. The impact of COVID-19 on hospital admissions and emergency department visits: A population-based study. PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0252441. Published 2021 Jun 1. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252441
  • 13.Dijk R, Plaum P, Tummers S, et al. First and second wave dynamics of emergency department utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective study in 3 hospitals in The Netherlands. PLoS One. 2023;18(2):e0279105. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279105
  • 14.Yorsaeng R, Suntronwong N, Thongpan I, et al. The impact of COVID-19 and control measures on public health in Thailand, 2020. PeerJ. 2022;10:e12960. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12960
  • 15.Oktay C, Cete Y, Eray O, et al. Appropriateness of emergency department visits in a Turkish university hospital. Croat Med J. 2003;44:585-91.
  • 16.Galanis P, Siskou O, Charalambous G, et al. Inappropriate use of public hospitals emergency departments in Greece: Magnitude and associated factors. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2019 Jul 4;262:224-7. https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190059
  • 17.Naouri D, Ranchon G, Vuagnat A, et al. French Society of Emergency Medicine. Factors associated with inappropriate use of emergency departments: Findings from a cross-sectional national study in France. BMJ Qual Saf. 2020 Jun;29(6):449-64. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009396
  • 18.Afilalo M, Guttman A, Colacone A, et al. Emergency department use and misuse. J Emerg Med. 1995;13:259-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/0736-4679(94)00157-X Korku C. COVID-19 pandemisinde tele-tıbbın kullanımı. HSİD. 2021;24(3):619-632.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yoğun Bakım
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ayşe Ayyıldız 0000-0002-8206-6921

Fatih Alper Ayyıldız 0000-0002-2502-1030

Selim Yıldırım 0000-0002-7900-6813

Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Aralık 2024
Kabul Tarihi 27 Ocak 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Ayyıldız, A., Ayyıldız, F. A., & Yıldırım, S. (t.y.). Impact of COVID-19 Waves and Lockdowns on Emergency Department Visits and Intensive Care Unit Admissions: A Retrospective Analysis. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 8(1), 30-34.
https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/journal-file/11303