Age-Related Effect of Volleyball-Traditional Training on Physical Fitness and Technical Skills in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players

Öz

The purpose of this study was to examine the age-related effects of traditional volleyball-specific training on physical performance and technical skills in young adolescent female athletes. A total of 23 licensed adolescent female athletes (age: 13.2 years; height: 158.65 ± 6.57 cm; body weight: 48.19± 7.54 kg) who were regularly participated to training in the study. The study used an pretest-posttest experimental research design; 12-13 and 14-15 age groups were compared. Athletes participated in 9 sessions respectively, anthropometric measurements, pretest, 6-week training session and posttest. In the visits before and after the training application, 20 m Sprint test (ST20), running-based anaerobic power test (RAST), shuttle run test (SHRT), throwing medicine ball test (TMB), sit-and-reach flexibility test (SRT), 20 s crunch test (CT20) and technical skills (TS) tests were applied. Normality analyzes of the data were tested with “Skewness-Kurtosis” values, and “Two-factor ANOVA in repeated measurements” test was used to examine the mean difference between the groups according to time and groups. The statistical significance level was accepted as 0.05. When the differences between the pre-post-tests of the groups were examined; in both age groups, there was a significant difference according to time in all parameters except vertical jump (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was a significant difference only in the technical skill parameter in terms of time*group (p<0.05). With this result, it was concluded that the traditional training method was equally effective on speed, endurance, agility, flexibility and anaerobic power in both 12-13 and 14-15 age group volleyball players. Among the parameters, only a significant difference was found in technical skill performance, both in terms of time and time*group (p<0.05), and it was concluded that the traditional training method was more effective on the technical skills of 14-15 age group. It can be said that the traditional volleyball-specific training method can improve the endurance, speed and agility characteristics of adolescent female volleyball players and technical skills development can be greater in the 14-15 age group.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adolescent
• Physical performance
• Technical skill
• Traditional training
• Volleyball

Adolesan Kız Voleybolcularda Geleneksel Antrenmanların Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Teknik Beceri Üzerine Yaşa Bağlı Etkisi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, genç ergen kadın sporcularda, voleybola özgü geleneksel antrenmanların fiziksel performans ve teknik beceri üzerine yaşa bağlı etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya, düzenli antrenman yapan, lisanslı toplam 23 ergen kadın sporcu (yaş: 13,2 yıl; boy: 158,65 ± 6,57 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 48,19± 7,54 kg) katılmıştır. Çalışma deneysel araştırma dizaynı, ön test-son test deneysel desen kullanılmış; 12-13 yaş ve 14-15 yaş grupları karşılaştırılmıştır. Sporcular sırasıyla, antropometrik ölçümler, ön test, 6 hafta antrenman seansı ve son test olmak üzere 9 seansa dâhil olmuşlardır. Antrenman uygulamasından önce ve sonraki ziyaretlerde, sporcuların fiziksel performansını ölçmek amacıyla 20 m Sprint testi (ST20), koşu temelli anaerobik güç testi (KTA), mekik koşu testi (MKT), sağlık topu fırlatma testi (STF), otur eriş esneklik testi (OE), 20 s mekik testi (MT20) ve teknik beceri (TB) testleri uygulanmıştır. Ön testler ve son testler arasında, 6 hafta boyunca, her iki gruba da geleneksel antrenman metodu uygulanmıştır. Verilerin normallik analizleri “Skewness-Kurtosis” değerleri ile sınanmış, gruplar arasındaki ortalama farkını, zamana ve gruplara göre incelemek için “Tekrarlı ölçümlerde İki faktörlü ANOVA” testi kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi 0,05 kabul edilmiştir. Grupların ön test ve son testleri arasındaki farklar incelendiğinde; her iki yaş grubunda da, dikey sıçrama hariç diğer parametrelerin tümünde, zamana göre anlamlı fark olduğu (p<0,05). Buna karşın grup*zaman bakımından yalnızca teknik beceri parametresinde anlamlı fark olduğu (p<0,05) tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçla birlikte, geleneksel antrenman metodunun hem 12-13 hem de 14-15 yaş aralığındaki voleybolcularda sürat, dayanıklılık, çeviklik, esneklik ve anaerobik güç üzerinde aynı ölçüde etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Parametrelerden yalnızca, teknik beceri performansında, grup*zaman bakımından anlamlı fark olduğu tespit edilmiş olup (p<0,05), geleneksel antrenman metodunun, 14-15 yaş aralığındaki voleybolcuların teknik becerisi üzerinde daha etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Voleybola özgü geleneksel antrenman metodunun ergen kadın voleybolcuların dayanıklılık, sürat ve çeviklik özelliklerini geliştirebileceği, teknik becerideki gelişimin 14-15 yaş grubunda daha fazla olabileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ergen
• Fiziksel performans
• Geleneksel antrenman
• Teknik beceri
• Voleybol

Kaynakça

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