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Deconstructing the Language Laws: Arundhati Roy’s Linguistic Strategies in The God of Small Things

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 126 - 143, 27.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.53048/johass.1258879

Öz

Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things (1997) is a story which portrays how things deemed to be the smallest are connected to, shaped, and constructed by the bigger discourses of history, colonialism, gender, caste, and religion which define the subject. With her linguistic strategies aiming at deconstruction of the language, Roy unveils how the voice of the subaltern is located on the margins of the dominant discourses, and therefore, listening to the subaltern’s voice requires dwelling on the alternative spaces of existence constructed by the subaltern. Estha’s refusal to speak, Ammu, Velutha and Rahel’s resistance to the laws that determine interpersonal relations and their use of the language of the body are among the significant examples of the mechanisms used by the subaltern to resist domination. By exploring Roy’s linguistic strategies through close reading and textual analysis of the silences and alternative linguistic positions of the postcolonial subject, who is further marginalised by gender, caste and religion, from a position that combines postcolonial theory with a Lacanian perspective, this study aims to highlight how Roy creates a unique linguistic expression through the subversive strategies she utilizes to disrupt hegemonic power structures and challenge the established norms of society, culture and language. Designing, constructing, deconstructing and reconstructing, as in the architectural profession in which she was trained, Roy transforms standard English into an effective tool of communicating the postcolonial subject’s experiences of subalternity.

Kaynakça

  • Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G. & Tiffin, H. (1989). The empire writes back: Theory and practice in postcolonial literatures. Routledge.
  • Barsamiam, D. (2007, July 16). Interview with Arundhati Roy. The Progressive. https://progressive.org/magazine/interview-arundhati-roy-Barsamian/
  • Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The location of culture. Routledge.
  • Boehmer, E. (1995). Colonial and postcolonial literature. Oxford University Press.
  • Çelikel, M. A. (2018). Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things: Reformulation of language and style in a postcolonial setting. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (31), 267-274. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.414845
  • Cynthia, D. (1999). When language dances: The subversive power of Roy’s text in
  • Dwivedi, O. P. (2010). The subaltern and the text: Reading Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Journal of Asia Pacific Studies, 1(2), 387-386.
  • Fanon, F. (2008). Black skin, white masks. Grove press.
  • Foucault, M. (1980). Power/Knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings. Pantheon.
  • God of Small Things. Journal of Literature, Culture and Media Studies, 2(3), 142-151.
  • Hopkins, L. (2013). “Infinnate Joy”: play, performance, and resistance in Arundhati Roy’s
  • Kunhi, Z. M. (2010). Subversive language vs patriarchy and colonization: An analysis of The
  • Lacan, J. (2002). Ecrits. (Bruce F., Trans.). W.W. Norton & Comp. (Original work published in 1966).
  • Mulholland, J. (1991). The language of negotiation. Routledge.
  • Nandi, M. (2010). Longing for the lost (m)other – Postcolonial ambivalences in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Journal of Postcolonial Writing, 46(2), 175-186. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449851003707261
  • Needham, A. D. (2005). ‘The small voice of history’ in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Interventions, 7(3),369-391. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698010500268072
  • Ngũgĩ, W. T. (2006). Decolonizing the mind. In M.H. Abraham (Ed.), The Norton Anthology of English Literature (8th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 2535-2539). NY: W.W. Norton & Company.
  • Okuroğlu, Özün, Ş. & İren, A. (2020). Subalternity in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22 (2), 421-434 https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.542921
  • Patchay, S. (2001). Pickled histories, bottled stories: Recuperative narratives in The God of Small Things. Journal of Literary Studies, 17(3-4), 145-160.
  • Roy, A. (1997). The god of small things. Flamingo.
  • Rushdie, S. (1992). Imaginary homelands. Granta.
  • Sarup, M. (1992). Jacques Lacan. Harvester Wheatsheaf.
  • Sharma, M. M. (2004). Translating subjects to selves in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. South Asian Review, 25(2), 124-134.
  • Spivak, G. C. (2010). “Can the Subaltern Speak?”. In R. C. Morris (Ed.), Can the subaltern speak?: Reflections on the history of an idea. Colombia University. 236-91.
  • The God of Small Things. In H.Snell& L.Hutchison (Eds), Children and cultural memory in texts of childhood (pp. 179-194). Routledge.
  • The God of Small Things. In R.K. Dhawan (Ed), Arundhati Roy: The novelist extraordinary (pp. 365–76). Sangam Books.
  • Tickell, A. (2003). The God of Small Things: Arundhati Roy’s postcolonial cosmopolitanism. The Journal of Commonwealth Literature, 38(1), 73-89.
  • Torres, A. R. (2017). Roy’s Inglish in The God of Small Things: A Language for subversion, reconciliation and reassertion. ODISEA. Revista De Estudios Ingleses, (12). https://doi.org/10.25115/ODISEA.V0I12.292
  • Vogt-William, C. (2003). “Language is the skin of my thought”: Language relations in ancient promises and The God of Small Things. In The politics of English as a world language (pp. 393-404). Brill.

Dil Yasalarını Yapısöküme Uğratmak: Arundhati Roy’un Küçük Şeylerin Tanrısı Romanında Dilsel Stratejiler

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 126 - 143, 27.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.53048/johass.1258879

Öz

Arundhati Roy’un 1997 yılında yayınlanan Küçük Şeylerin Tanrısı romanı, yaşantılarımızda küçük olarak nitelenen şeylerin aslında özneyi oluşturan tarih, sömürgecilik, toplumsal cinsiyet, kast ve din gibi daha büyük söylemlerle derinden bağlantılı olduğunu, şekillendirildiğini ve inşa edildiğini gözler önüne seren bir hikayedir. Roy, dilin yapısökümünü hedefleyen dilsel stratejileriyle, madunun sesinin egemen söylemlerin sınırlarında nasıl konumlandığını ve bu nedenle madunun sesine kulak vermenin, madunun inşa ettiği alternatif varoluş alanları üzerinde durmayı gerektirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Romanda, ikizler Estha ve Rahel’in kelimeler ile tersten okuma, kelimeleri sıra dışı biçimlerde parçalayıp birleştirmeleri gibi kendilerine has bazı oyunlar kurarak standart İngilizceyi değiştirmeleri, Estha’nın konuşmayı reddedişi, Ammu, Velutha ve Rahel’in kişiler arası ilişkileri belirleyen yasalara direnerek bedenin dilini devreye sokmaları, madunun tahakküme direnmek için kullandığı mekanizmaların önemli örneklerindendir. Toplumsal cinsiyet, kast ve din tarafından daha da ötekileştirilen postkolonyal öznenin sessizliklerini ve alternatif dilsel konumlarını yakın okuma ve metin analizi yoluyla inceleyen bu çalışma, postkolonyal teoriyi Lacancı bir perspektifle birleştiren bir konumdan hareketle, Roy’un dilsel stratejilerini ele almakta ve Roy’un toplumun, kültürün, dilin yerleşik normlarına ve hegemonik güç yapılarına meydan okumak için kullandığı yapısökümcü stratejiler aracılığıyla nasıl benzersiz bir dilsel ifade yarattığını irdelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Eğitimini aldığı mimarlık mesleğinde olduğu gibi tasarlayan, inşa eden, yapısöküme uğratan ve yeniden inşa eden Roy, standart İngilizceyi postkolonyal öznenin maduniyet deneyimlerini aktarmak için etkili bir araca dönüştürmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G. & Tiffin, H. (1989). The empire writes back: Theory and practice in postcolonial literatures. Routledge.
  • Barsamiam, D. (2007, July 16). Interview with Arundhati Roy. The Progressive. https://progressive.org/magazine/interview-arundhati-roy-Barsamian/
  • Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The location of culture. Routledge.
  • Boehmer, E. (1995). Colonial and postcolonial literature. Oxford University Press.
  • Çelikel, M. A. (2018). Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things: Reformulation of language and style in a postcolonial setting. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (31), 267-274. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.414845
  • Cynthia, D. (1999). When language dances: The subversive power of Roy’s text in
  • Dwivedi, O. P. (2010). The subaltern and the text: Reading Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Journal of Asia Pacific Studies, 1(2), 387-386.
  • Fanon, F. (2008). Black skin, white masks. Grove press.
  • Foucault, M. (1980). Power/Knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings. Pantheon.
  • God of Small Things. Journal of Literature, Culture and Media Studies, 2(3), 142-151.
  • Hopkins, L. (2013). “Infinnate Joy”: play, performance, and resistance in Arundhati Roy’s
  • Kunhi, Z. M. (2010). Subversive language vs patriarchy and colonization: An analysis of The
  • Lacan, J. (2002). Ecrits. (Bruce F., Trans.). W.W. Norton & Comp. (Original work published in 1966).
  • Mulholland, J. (1991). The language of negotiation. Routledge.
  • Nandi, M. (2010). Longing for the lost (m)other – Postcolonial ambivalences in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Journal of Postcolonial Writing, 46(2), 175-186. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449851003707261
  • Needham, A. D. (2005). ‘The small voice of history’ in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Interventions, 7(3),369-391. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698010500268072
  • Ngũgĩ, W. T. (2006). Decolonizing the mind. In M.H. Abraham (Ed.), The Norton Anthology of English Literature (8th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 2535-2539). NY: W.W. Norton & Company.
  • Okuroğlu, Özün, Ş. & İren, A. (2020). Subalternity in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22 (2), 421-434 https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.542921
  • Patchay, S. (2001). Pickled histories, bottled stories: Recuperative narratives in The God of Small Things. Journal of Literary Studies, 17(3-4), 145-160.
  • Roy, A. (1997). The god of small things. Flamingo.
  • Rushdie, S. (1992). Imaginary homelands. Granta.
  • Sarup, M. (1992). Jacques Lacan. Harvester Wheatsheaf.
  • Sharma, M. M. (2004). Translating subjects to selves in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. South Asian Review, 25(2), 124-134.
  • Spivak, G. C. (2010). “Can the Subaltern Speak?”. In R. C. Morris (Ed.), Can the subaltern speak?: Reflections on the history of an idea. Colombia University. 236-91.
  • The God of Small Things. In H.Snell& L.Hutchison (Eds), Children and cultural memory in texts of childhood (pp. 179-194). Routledge.
  • The God of Small Things. In R.K. Dhawan (Ed), Arundhati Roy: The novelist extraordinary (pp. 365–76). Sangam Books.
  • Tickell, A. (2003). The God of Small Things: Arundhati Roy’s postcolonial cosmopolitanism. The Journal of Commonwealth Literature, 38(1), 73-89.
  • Torres, A. R. (2017). Roy’s Inglish in The God of Small Things: A Language for subversion, reconciliation and reassertion. ODISEA. Revista De Estudios Ingleses, (12). https://doi.org/10.25115/ODISEA.V0I12.292
  • Vogt-William, C. (2003). “Language is the skin of my thought”: Language relations in ancient promises and The God of Small Things. In The politics of English as a world language (pp. 393-404). Brill.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Nesrin Koç 0000-0001-6906-4641

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Mayıs 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Mart 2023
Kabul Tarihi 26 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Koç, N. (2023). Deconstructing the Language Laws: Arundhati Roy’s Linguistic Strategies in The God of Small Things. Journal of Human and Social Sciences, 6(1), 126-143. https://doi.org/10.53048/johass.1258879

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