Derleme
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Hiperkifoz ve Rehabilitasyonu

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 23 - 29, 30.01.2025

Öz

Kifoz terimi, omurganın torakal bölgesinde, sagital planda yer alan fizyolojik konveks eğriliği tanımlamak için kullanılır. Normal omurgaya sahip kişilerde ayakta çekilen sagital omurga grafisinde T4-T12 seviyesinde Cobb yöntemine göre ölçülen eğriliğin 20 - 50 derece arasında olması fizyolojik torakal kifoz kabul edilir. Kifoz açısı 50 dereceyi aştığında hiperkifoz veya kifoz artışı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Hiperkifoz rehabilitasyonun kapsamı, kifotik eğriliğin derecesine, altta yatan nedene ve hastanın yaşına bağlı olarak çeşitlilik ve değişiklik göstermektedir. Rehabilitasyonda genellikle konservatif yaklaşımlarla başlarken, özellikle sırt ekstansör kaslarını hedefleyen egzersiz müdahaleleri önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Rehabilitasyon sürecinde, ağrıyı azaltma, eğriliğin progresyonunu durdurma, eğriliği azaltma, kişinin günlük yaşam aktivitelerini sürdürmesine yardımcı olma, kozmetik görünümünü iyileştirme ve yaşam kalitesini arttırmak amaçlanır. Güncel kanıtlar, farklı egzersiz tedavilerinin adölesanlar ve geriatrik bireylerde etkili olduğunu ve korse uygulamalarının Scheuermann kifozu tedavisinde önemli rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Ancak, rehabilitasyon programları kişiye özel yapılan değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre ve klinik ihtiyaçlara göre belirlenmelidir.

Etik Beyan

Bu bir derleme yazısı olduğu için etik kurul onayı alınmamıştır.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Abrisham, S. M. J., Ardekani, M. R. S., Mzarch, M. A. B. (2020). Evaluation of the normal range of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angles using EOS imaging. Maedica, 15(1), 87–91.
  • [2] Afolayan, J. O., Shafafy, R., Maher, M., Moon, K. H., Panchmatia, J. R. (2018). Assessment and management of adult spinal deformities. British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England: 2005), 79(2), 79–85.
  • [3] Azadinia, F., Kamyab, M., Behtash, H., Saleh Ganjavian, M., Javaheri, M. R. (2014). The validity and reliability of noninvasive methods for measuring kyphosis. Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques, 27(6), E212–E218.
  • [4] Ball, J. M., Cagle, P., Johnson, B. E., Lucasey, C., Lukert, B. P. (2009). Spinal extension exercises prevent natural progression of kyphosis. Osteoporosis International, 20(3), 481–489.
  • [5] Bansal, S., Katzman, W. B., Giangregorio, L. M. (2014). Exercise for improving age-related hyperkyphotic posture: A systematic review. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 95(1), 129–140.
  • [6] Bettany-Saltikov, J., Turnbull, D., Ng, S. Y., Webb, R. (2017). Management of spinal deformities and evidence of treatment effectiveness. The Open Orthopaedics Journal, 11, 1521–1547.
  • [7] Boseker, E. H., Moe, J. H., Winter, R. B., Koop, S. E. (2000). Determination of "normal" thoracic kyphosis: A roentgenographic study of 121 "normal" children. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics, 20(6), 796–798.
  • [8] Czaprowski, D., Stoliński, Ł., Tyrakowski, M., Kozinoga, M., Kotwicki, T. (2018). Non-structural misalignments of body posture in the sagittal plane. Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders, 13, 6.
  • [9] Cochrane, M. E., Tshabalala, M. D., Hlatswayo, N. C., Modipana, R. M., Makibelo, P. P., Mashale, E. P., Pete, L. C. (2019). The short-term effect of smartphone usage on the upper-back postures of university students. Cogent Engineering, 6(1), 1627752.
  • [10] Çetinkaya, M., Şenköylü, A. (2017). Scheuermann kifozu. Türkiye Klinikleri Orthopaedics and Traumatology-Special Topics, 10(2), 178-188.
  • [11] de Matos, O., Ruthes, E. M. P., Lenardt, B. C. C., Beira de Andrade, A., Petroski, C. A., de Mello, M. F., Biagini, G., Lass, A. D., Castelo-Branco, C. (2022). Relationship between postural changes, osteoarthritis and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Gynecological Endocrinology, 38(11), 983–987.
  • [12] de Mauroy, J.C., Weiss, H.R., Aulisa, A.G., Aulisa, L., Brox, J.I., et.al. (2010). 7th SOSORT consensus paper: Conservative treatment of idiopathic & Scheuermann's kyphosis. Scoliosis, 5, 9.
  • [13] Duangkaew, R., Bettany-Saltikov, J., van Schaik, P., Kandasamy, G., Hogg, J. (2020). PROTOCOL: Exercise interventions to improve back shape/posture, balance, falls and fear of falling in older adults with hyperkyphosis: A systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 16(3), e1101.
  • [14] Erdem, M. N., Karaca, S. (2018). Evaluating the accuracy and quality of the information in kyphosis videos shared on YouTube. Spine, 43(22), E1334–E1339.
  • [15] González-Gálvez, N., Marcos-Pardo, P. J., Albaladejo-Saura, M., López-Vivancos, A., Vaquero-Cristóbal, R.(2023). Effects of a Pilates programme in spinal curvatures and hamstring extensibility in adolescents with thoracic hyperkyphosis: A randomised controlled trial. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 99(1171), 433–441.

Hyperkyphosis and Rehabilitation

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 23 - 29, 30.01.2025

Öz

The term kyphosis is used to describe the physiologic convex curvature in the sagittal plane in the thoracic region of the spine. Physiologic thoracic kyphosis is considered to be between 20 and 50 degrees of curvature measured by the Cobb method at the T4-T12 level on a standing sagittal spine radiograph in individuals with normal spine. When the kyphosis angle exceeds 50 degrees, it is considered hyperkyphosis or increased kyphosis. The type of rehabilitation for hyperkyphosis varies depending on the degree of kyphotic curvature, the underlying cause and the age of the patient. While rehabilitation usually initiated with conservative approaches, exercise interventions specifically targeting the back extensor muscles play an important role. The rehabilitation process aims to reduce pain, stop the progression of the curvature, decrease the curvature degree, help the individual to maintain activities of daily living, improve cosmetic appearance and improve quality of life. Current evidence indicates that different exercise treatments are effective in adolescents and geriatric individuals and that bracing plays an important role in the treatment of Scheuermann kyphosis. However, rehabilitation programs should be determined according to the results of individualized assessment and clinical needs.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Abrisham, S. M. J., Ardekani, M. R. S., Mzarch, M. A. B. (2020). Evaluation of the normal range of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angles using EOS imaging. Maedica, 15(1), 87–91.
  • [2] Afolayan, J. O., Shafafy, R., Maher, M., Moon, K. H., Panchmatia, J. R. (2018). Assessment and management of adult spinal deformities. British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England: 2005), 79(2), 79–85.
  • [3] Azadinia, F., Kamyab, M., Behtash, H., Saleh Ganjavian, M., Javaheri, M. R. (2014). The validity and reliability of noninvasive methods for measuring kyphosis. Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques, 27(6), E212–E218.
  • [4] Ball, J. M., Cagle, P., Johnson, B. E., Lucasey, C., Lukert, B. P. (2009). Spinal extension exercises prevent natural progression of kyphosis. Osteoporosis International, 20(3), 481–489.
  • [5] Bansal, S., Katzman, W. B., Giangregorio, L. M. (2014). Exercise for improving age-related hyperkyphotic posture: A systematic review. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 95(1), 129–140.
  • [6] Bettany-Saltikov, J., Turnbull, D., Ng, S. Y., Webb, R. (2017). Management of spinal deformities and evidence of treatment effectiveness. The Open Orthopaedics Journal, 11, 1521–1547.
  • [7] Boseker, E. H., Moe, J. H., Winter, R. B., Koop, S. E. (2000). Determination of "normal" thoracic kyphosis: A roentgenographic study of 121 "normal" children. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics, 20(6), 796–798.
  • [8] Czaprowski, D., Stoliński, Ł., Tyrakowski, M., Kozinoga, M., Kotwicki, T. (2018). Non-structural misalignments of body posture in the sagittal plane. Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders, 13, 6.
  • [9] Cochrane, M. E., Tshabalala, M. D., Hlatswayo, N. C., Modipana, R. M., Makibelo, P. P., Mashale, E. P., Pete, L. C. (2019). The short-term effect of smartphone usage on the upper-back postures of university students. Cogent Engineering, 6(1), 1627752.
  • [10] Çetinkaya, M., Şenköylü, A. (2017). Scheuermann kifozu. Türkiye Klinikleri Orthopaedics and Traumatology-Special Topics, 10(2), 178-188.
  • [11] de Matos, O., Ruthes, E. M. P., Lenardt, B. C. C., Beira de Andrade, A., Petroski, C. A., de Mello, M. F., Biagini, G., Lass, A. D., Castelo-Branco, C. (2022). Relationship between postural changes, osteoarthritis and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Gynecological Endocrinology, 38(11), 983–987.
  • [12] de Mauroy, J.C., Weiss, H.R., Aulisa, A.G., Aulisa, L., Brox, J.I., et.al. (2010). 7th SOSORT consensus paper: Conservative treatment of idiopathic & Scheuermann's kyphosis. Scoliosis, 5, 9.
  • [13] Duangkaew, R., Bettany-Saltikov, J., van Schaik, P., Kandasamy, G., Hogg, J. (2020). PROTOCOL: Exercise interventions to improve back shape/posture, balance, falls and fear of falling in older adults with hyperkyphosis: A systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 16(3), e1101.
  • [14] Erdem, M. N., Karaca, S. (2018). Evaluating the accuracy and quality of the information in kyphosis videos shared on YouTube. Spine, 43(22), E1334–E1339.
  • [15] González-Gálvez, N., Marcos-Pardo, P. J., Albaladejo-Saura, M., López-Vivancos, A., Vaquero-Cristóbal, R.(2023). Effects of a Pilates programme in spinal curvatures and hamstring extensibility in adolescents with thoracic hyperkyphosis: A randomised controlled trial. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 99(1171), 433–441.
Toplam 15 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Halk Sağlığı (Diğer)
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Tuğba Kuru Çolak 0000-0002-3263-2278

Adnan Aptı 0000-0001-9794-9367

Elif Elçin Dereli 0000-0002-1572-0620

Burçin Akçay 0000-0002-0883-0311

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ocak 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 4 Ocak 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kuru Çolak, T., Aptı, A., Dereli, E. E., Akçay, B. (2025). Hiperkifoz ve Rehabilitasyonu. Journal of Health Sciences and Management, 5(1), 23-29.