AN INVASIVE WETLAND PLANT EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES (MART.) SOLMS TRANSITED TO TURKEY IN TERMS OF ITS RISKS AND ECONOMIC USAGES

Öz

Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae) is a perennial aquatic invasive weed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This weed (water hyacinth) can invade lakes, rivers, ponds, lagoons and freshwaters.  Because of high reproducibility and adaptability to various environment, water hyacinth rapidly occupies new habitats and causes serious environmental problems. For these reasons, numerous management strategies such as chemical, biological and physical are used to control the plant in aquatic environment. However, there are ongoing research to determine its value and economic exploitation strategies. It has been found that E. crassipes could be used as a renewable energy resource for production of bioenergy, paper, fertilizer, animal fodder and phytoremediation-wastewater treatment. In recent years, water hyacinth has been observed and identified from Asi River, Hatay. Since then, the species has established itself tremendously becoming the most dominant floating plant species in the river. There is no certain and detailed information about water hyacinth in our country. Due to this alien plant is considered as a pest due to its invasive characteristics it poses a various risks for ecosystem, Amik lowland agriculture, aquatic organisms and public health. In this way, further studies designed for the management strategies of water hyacinth in Asi River from several regional or local authorities would be beneficial to reveal its risks and aconomic usages in detail. The appreciations of this review also provide valuable data to be used in management strategies against this invasive aquatic plant species posing potential risks for ecosystem. In addition, the cleaned water hyacinth samples with long or short term management programs like drainage basin of Asi River, mechanized barges and dredges can be considered as raw material for the production of biogas, fodder, organic fertilizer, medicine, paper and furniture. Hereby, the overall assesments in this review presents a general information about invasive wetland plant E. crassipes recently transited to Turkey both its possible management strategies and important economic usages.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Eichhornia crassipes,Asi River,invasive plant,management strategies,Turkey

RİSKLERİ VE EKONOMİK KULLANIMLARI AÇISINDAN TÜRKİYE’YE GEÇİŞ YAPAN İSTİLACI SULAK ALAN BİTKİSİ EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES (MART.) SOLMS

Öz

Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae) dünyanın tropikal ve sub-tropikal bölgelerinde istilacı bir sulak alan bitkisidir. Bu bitki, gölleri, tatlı suları ve nehirleri istila ederek ciddi çevresel sorunlara sebep olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, çeşitli yönetim stratejileri sulak alanlarda bu bitkinin kontrolünde kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte,  bu bitkinin ekonomik kullanım stratejileri ve değeri hakkında devam eden araştırmalar da vardır. E. crassipes’in biyoenerji, kağıt, gübre, hayvan yemi üretimi ve atıksu arıtımında yenilenebilir bir enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Son yıllarda, E. crassipes Asi Nehri’nde (Hatay) tespit edilmiştir. Bu derlemede, E. crassipes için Türkiye’de hem mücadelede etkili olabilecek hem de ekonomik açıdan önemi olan kullanımları hakkında bilgiler verilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Asi Nehri,Eichhornia crassipes,istilacı bitki,mücadele stratejileri,Türkiye

Kaynakça

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