Biyonutrasötiklerin İnsan Vücuduna Etkileri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 134 - 150, 31.12.2024

Münire Kider , Elif Çelik , Zafer Ceylan

https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1600784

Öz

Nutrasötikler kavramı geçmişten günümüze yeni araştırmalar ışığında sürekli gelişmeye yüz tutmuş hibrit bir kavramdır. ‘nutruent’ ve ‘farmasötik’ kelimelerinden 1989 yılında DR.Stephen Defelice tarafından oluşturulmuştur. Mevcut nüfus ve bireylerin sağlık eğitimi dolayısıyla nutrasötikler dünya çapında artış göstermektedir. Nutrasötikler, fonksiyonel gıda maddelerinin kapsül, hap, tablet vb. formlara çevrilerek farmasötikle ortak paydada buluşmaktadır. Nutrasötikler hastalıkları engelleyerek ya da azaltarak farmasötik ilaçlara olan ihtiyacı azaltmaktadır. Bu durumda farmasötik ilaçların sebep olduğu sitotoksisite değeri düşmektedir. Nütasötikler genel hatlarıyla çok fazla gruba ayrılmaktadırlar. D vitaminin ana kaynağı epidermistir. Biyolojik olarak inaktif vitamin D3’e dönüştürülmesi yoluyla yağda çözünen bir hormaondur, karaciğerde 25-hidroksilaz tarafından hidroksilasyona uğrayarak 25(OH)D'ye dönüşür. tip II pnöositlerin olgunlaşmasını uyarma, sürfaktan üretimini destekleme ve hava yollarında doğuştan gelen bağışıklık tepkisini artırmaktadır. Karotenoidlerin cilt konsantrasyonları, bileşenlerin yutulmasıyla artar ve oksidatif stres ve UV maruziyetleri ile azalır. Karotenoid ailesinde dört ana bileşen vardır. Bunlar, β-karoten, likopen, lutein ve zeaksantindir ve belirli kanserler, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ve göz hastalıkları dahil olmak üzere çeşitli hastalıkların önlenmesinde yararlı olduğu düşünülür. N-asetilsistein, hem oral hem de tropikal biyoyararlarına sahip olup L-sisteinin ön ilaç formudur. Vücutta en bol bulunan endojen hücre içi antioksidan olan glutatyonu ortaya çıkarır böylece vücudun antioksidan savunma sisteminde önemli rol oynar. Oksidatif stresin artması sonucunda da DNA hasarı ve yaşlanma oluşmaya başlar. Kurkuminin anti-inflamatuar özellikleri, kemokinler, siklooksijenaz-2, prostaglandin E2, MMP'ler, IL-6 ve IL-12 gibi interlökinler (IL) ve tümör nekroz faktörü-α dahil olmak üzere pro-inflamatuar sitokinleri baskılama yeteneğine sahiptir. Aynı zamanda, kurkumin ROS üretimini baskılayarak, serbest oksijen radikallerini temizleyerek ve lipid peroksidasyonunu inhibe ederek bir antioksidan görevine sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nutrasötik, Farmasötik, D vitamini, karotenoidler, N- Asetilsistein, Kurkumin, ROS, L- Sistein, Anti-İnfalmatuar.

Etik Beyan

Bu derlemede her hangi bir etik ihlali bulunmamaktadır.

Teşekkür

teşekkürler...

BİYONUTRASÖTİKLERİN İNSAN VÜCUDUNA ETKİSİ

Öz

Nutraceutical, Pharmaceutical, Vitamin D, Carotenoids, N- Acetylcysteine, Curcumin, ROS, L- Cysteine, Anti-Inflammatory. The concept of nutraceuticals is a hybrid concept that has been constantly evolving in the light of new research from past to present. From the words 'nutruent' and 'pharmaceutıcal' in 1989 DR. It was created by Stephen Defelice. Due to the current population and the health education of individuals, nutraceuticals are increasing worldwide. Nutraceuticals meet on common ground with pharmaceuticals by converting functional foodstuffs into forms such as capsules, pills, tablets, etc. Nutraceuticals reduce the need for pharmaceutical drugs by preventing or reducing diseases. In this case, the cytotoxicity value caused by pharmaceutical drugs decreases. Nutaseuticals are broadly divided into many groups. The main source of vitamin D is the epidermis. It is a fat-soluble hormaon through its conversion to biologically inactive vitamin D3, undergoing hydroxylation by 25-hydroxylase in the liver to 25(OH)D. stimulating the maturation of type II pneucytes, supporting surfactant production and increasing the innate immune response in the airways. Skin concentrations of carotenoids increase with ingestion of ingredients and decrease with oxidative stress and UV exposures. There are four main components in the carotenoid family. These are β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin, and are thought to be useful in preventing a variety of diseases, including certain cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and eye diseases. N-acetylcysteine has both oral and tropical biobenefits and is the prodrug form of L-cysteine. It reveals glutathione, the most abundant endogenous intracellular antioxidant in the body, thus playing an important role in the body's antioxidant defense system. As a result of the increase in oxidative stress, DNA damage and aging begin to occur. The anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin have the ability to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines, including chemokines, cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, MMPs, interleukins (IL) such as IL-6 and IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-α. At the same time, curcumin has the role of an antioxidant by suppressing ROS production, scavenging free oxygen radicals, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nutraceutical, Pharmaceutical, Vitamin D, carotenoids, N-Acetylcysteine, Curcumin, ROS, L-Cysteine, Anti-Inflammatory

Etik Beyan

Bu derlemede her hangi bir etik ihlal durumu içermemektedir.

Kaynakça

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