BIOPHILIC DESIGN IN CHILDREN’S PLAYGROUNDS: THE INFLUENCE OF NATURE ON EMOTIONAL HEALTH AND STRESS RELIEF

Öz

The focus of the research is to analyze biophilic (nature-integrated) design and its interaction with children’s playground activity and emotional well-being based on a comparative behavior mapping protocol applied in three parks in İzmir: Karantina (biophilic), Susuzdede (biophilic), and Göztepe (conventional). We carried out 2-hour observation sessions per site on weekend afternoons over four consecutive weekends (14 Dec – 5 Jan) and marked play locations, movement trajectories, play modes (solo/social/active), and age groups (3–6, 6–9) on schematic base maps to define density and hotspot patterns. Our central finding is that biophilic features, especially water elements and natural materials (wood/rope), abundant trees, and green surfaces—are associated with longer dwell times, richer social/imaginative play, and broader spatial dispersion beyond fixed equipment. These patterns were consistently stronger in Karantina and Susuzdede than in Göztepe, where play remained confined to plastic equipment with shorter stays; a temporary spike on 29 Dec (adjacent bazaar) did not alter this baseline. Methodologically, we contribute a replicable, spatial–behavioral lens that links specific biophilic attributes (e.g., proximity to water, shade, natural textures) to observed engagement patterns via cumulative density mapping over time. This provides an explanation of where and how design elements coincide with play patterns that the literature associates with stress reduction and social cohesion; emotional outcomes were not measured. Although we emphasize strong short-term effects, we acknowledge the constraints of short observation periods and possible observer bias in Data Recordings necessitating future mixed methods and physiological approaches to detect longer term stress- and emotional health impacts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biophilic Design
• Children
• Natural Materials
• Stress Reduction
• Urban Design
• Emotional Health

BIOPHILIC DESIGN IN CHILDREN’S PLAYGROUNDS: THE INFLUENCE OF NATURE ON EMOTIONAL HEALTH AND STRESS RELIEF

Öz

Bu makale, biyofilik (doğa ile entegre edilmiş) tasarımın çocuk oyun alanlarını nasıl dönüştürebileceğini, duygusal sağlığı önemli ölçüde iyileştirip stresi azaltabileceğini araştırıyor. Biyofilik oyun alanları, belirli doğal unsurların entegrasyonu aracılığıyla çocukların sosyal, bilişsel ve duygusal gelişimlerini artırır. Örneğin, bitkiler duyusal deneyimleri teşvik eder, su özellikleri keşfi teşvik eder ve doğal malzemeler dokunsal öğrenmeyi destekler. Bu çalışma, davranış haritalama yöntemini kullanarak farklı oyun alanlarının doğal dinamiklerini, doğa temelli olmayan muadilleriyle titizlikle analiz eder ve karşılaştırır. Bu da doğa merkezli tasarım ilkelerinin uygulanmasının önemli avantajlarını ortaya koyar. Susuzdede ve Karantina gibi biyofilik unsurlarıyla bilinen parklardaki gözlemler, çocukların geleneksel bir park olan Göztepe Parkı'na kıyasla daha yüksek katılım seviyeleri gösterdiğini, buralarda daha uzun süre kaldıklarını ve daha yaratıcı ve sosyal oyunlara katıldıklarını ortaya koydu. Araştırmalar, doğada zaman geçirmenin çocuklarda fiziksel aktiviteyi ve çevresel farkındalığı artırdığını göstermektedir. Bu tür bir argüman, biyofilik oyun alanlarının çocuklar için mental sağlığını iyileştirme, stresi azaltma, fiziksel sağlığı geliştirme ve çevre dostu davranışları teşvik etme gibi birçok faydasının olduğunu gösteren araştırmalarla uyumludur. Makale, çocuklar için oyun alanlarının gereksinimlerinin ardındaki temel unsurları ve kentsel bağlamlarda uygun alanlar tasarlayarak mimarlara, şehir plancılarına ve politika yapıcılara kaynak sağlayan yolu ortaya koyarak daha fazla incelenmiştir. Açık havada oyunun faydalarına ilişkin araştırmanın bulguları, biyofilik ilkelerin doğayı kentsel yaşama dahil etme kanallarını yönlendiren daha geniş bir kanıt yelpazesinde, daha sağlıklı, çevre bilincine sahip nesiller yetiştirebileceğini gösteren önemli bir unsurdur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyofilik tasarım
• çocuk oyun alanları
• doğal malzemeler
• stres azaltma
• kentsel tasarım
• duygusal sağlık

Kaynakça

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