Adölesan gebelerde aneminin maternal ve fetal sonuçlar üzerine etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı adölesan gebelerde aneminin obstetrik ve neonatal sonuçlar üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesidir. 

Yöntemler: Ocak 2010-Haziran 2015 tarihleri arasında hastanemizde doğum yapan 1407 adölesan gebenin dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Gebelerin demografik özellikleri, doğum öncesi hemoglobin konsantrasyonları, obstetrik ve neonatal sonuçları değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışma grubunun yaş ortalaması 17.95±1.09 yıl idi. Anemi sıklığı% 36 olarak saptandı. Sağlık güvencesi olmayan hastalarda anemi sıklığı anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Benzer şekilde, eğitim düzeyi ilkokul ya da daha düşük olanlarda, lise mezunlarına oranla anemi daha sık bulundu. Düzensiz antepartum bakım alan adölesan gebelerde, anemi riski 1.62 kat daha yüksekti. Anemi ve postpartum komplikasyonlar arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon saptandı; postpartum kan transfüzyonu (OR: 9.09) ve kanama (OR: 4.76). Aneminin doğum şekli, preterm doğum, preeklampsi veya gestasyonel diyabet üzerine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkisi bulunmadı (p> 0.05). Anemik gebe bebeklerinin daha yüksek düzeyde Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi ihtiyacı olduğu saptandı (OR:2.68). Aneminin doğum ağırlığı, gestasyonel yaş, gebelik haftasına göre düşük doğum ağırlığı ve Apgar skorları üzerine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmadı (p> 0.05).

Sonuç: Adölesan gebelerdeki yüksek anemi sıklığı ve maternal ve fetal sonuçlar üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri göz önünde bulundurulmalı ve özellikle bu yaş grubu gebelerde anemi göz ardı edilmemelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adölesan,Gebelik,Anemi,Sonuç,Postpartum

The influence of anemia on maternal and neonatal outcomes in adolescent pregnant

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of anemia on maternal and neonatal outcomes in adolescent pregnant.  

Methods: The files of 1407 adolescent women who gave birth in our hospital, from January 2010 to June 2015 were retrospectively investigated. Demographic characteristics, hemoglobin concentrations before birth, obstetric and neonatal outcomes were evaluated.

Results: The mean age of the study group was 17.95±1.09 years. Anemia frequency was found as 36%. Anemia was significantly higher with the lack of health insurance. Similarly, anemia in those who had an educational level of elementary school or lower was significantly higher than for high school graduates. Pregnant adolescents who had irregular antepartum care during pregnancy also had a 1.62 times higher anemia risk. A significant correlation was found between anemia and postpartum complications; postpartum transfusion (OR:9.09) and hemorrhage (OR:4.76). No statistically significant impact of anemia was found on type of delivery, preterm birth, preeclampsia or gestational diabetes (p>0.05). Neonatal Intensive Care Unit admission was significantly higher for the infants of anemic patients (OR:2.68). No statistically significant impact of anemia was found on birth weight, gestational age, small for gestational age or Apgar scores of the infants (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Due to its high frequency and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes anemia should be carefully considered during pregnancy in adolescent girls.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adolescent,Pregnancy,Anemia,Outcome,Postpartum

Kaynakça

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