The effect of fullerenol C60 on skeletal muscle after lower limb ischemia reperfusion injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Aim: Fullerenol, a water-soluble C60-fullerene, has been demonstrated to scavenge free radicals in vitro and in vivo. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of fullerenol C60 on lower skeletal muscles in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).
Methods: After approval of the ethics committee, 30 Wistar Albino rat were divided into 5 groups with six animals per each as follows: Control (C), diabetes (D), diabetes+fullerenol C60 (DF), diabetes+I/R (group DIR) and diabetes I/R+fullerenol C60 (DIR-F) groups. Streptozotocin was administered to the rats to induce diabetes at a dose of 55 mg/kg. Four weeks after the onset of diabetes, rats were subjected to 2 hours of ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion. At the end of the reperfusion period, skeletal muscle samples were taken from the lower extremity in all groups for histopathological and immunohistopathological examinations.
Results: Myositis and endothelial caspase 3 enzyme activities were high in all groups, particularly DIR. Compared to C, DF and DIR-F groups, inflammation and myositis were significantly higher in the DIR group (P=0.001, P=0.006, P=0.001, respectively, and P=0.001, P=0.022, P=0.001, respectively). Vascular dilatation and congestion were significantly more prominent in all groups compared to the control group (P=0.001 for all).
Conclusion: Our results confirm that fullerenol C60 has protective effects against skeletal muscle damage resulting from I/R in diabetic rats. Future studies conducted to evaluate these effects may help illuminate the action mechanism of fullerenol C60 and pathophysiology underlying the tissue damage related to I/R injury.

Keywords

• Ischemia reperfusion,Fullerenol C60,Caspase 3,Rat

Streptozotosin ile diyabet oluşturulan ratlarda alt ekstremite iskemi reperfüzyonuna karşı fullerenol C60’ın etkileri

Öz

Amaç: Suda çözünür bir fulleren olan Fullerenol C60'ın, serbest radikalleri in vitro ve in vivo temizleyebildiği gösterilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, fullerenol C60'ın iskemi reperfüzyon (I/R) sıçan modelinde alt iskelet kasları üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktı.
Yöntemler: Etik kurul onayı alındıktan sonra 30 Wistar Albino sıçan; 5 gruba ayrıldı (n: 6); Kontrol (C), diyabet (grup D), diyabet + fullerenol C60 grubu (DF), diyabet + I/R (grup DIR) ve diyabet I/R + fullerenol C60 (DIR-F). Diyabet için sıçanlara 55 mg / kg streptozotosin uygulandı. Diyabet oluşumundan dört hafta sonra sıçanlara 2 saatlik iskemi ve 2 saatlik reperfüzyon uygulandı. Reperfüzyon döneminin sonunda histopatolojik ve immünohistopatolojik incelemeler için tüm gruplardan alt ekstremite iskelet kası örnekleri alındı.
Bulgular: Miyozit ve endotelyal kaspaz 3 enzim aktiviteleri, özellikle DIR ve C, D, DF ve DIR-F grubunda yüksektir. Enflamasyon DIR grubunda C, DF ve DIR-F grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksektir (sırasıyla P<0,001, P=0,006, P<0,001). Myosit hasarı da DIR grubunda kontrol, C, DF ve DIR-F grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksektir (sırasıyla P<0,001, P=0,022, P<0,001). Vasküler dilatasyon ve konjesyon D, DF, DIR ve DIR-F grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksektir (P<0,001, tümü).
Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız, fullerenol C60'ın diyabetik sıçanlarda I/R'den kaynaklanan iskelet kası hasarına karşı koruyucu etkileri olduğunu doğrulamaktadır. Fullerenol C60'ın I/R hasarı üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek için yapılacak gelecekteki çalışmalar, fullerenol C60'ın olası koruyucu etkilerini ve I/R hasarına bağlı doku hasarının altında yatan mekanizmaları anlamaya yardımcı olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İskemi reperfüzyon,Fullerenol C60,Kaspaz 3,Sıçan

Kaynakça

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