Anxiety level and risk factors among pediatric patients in endoscopic procedures outside the operating room: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Aim: Endoscopy under anesthesia creates stress and anxiety in children and their parents. In this study, we aimed to determine the preoperative anxiety levels of parents and patients who were routinely informed before endoscopy and examine the relationship between children and parents' state and trait anxiety levels. Methods: A cross-sectional study was planned in which pediatric patients and parents were included. The study comprised 104 ASA I-II patients, aged 6-14 years, who were scheduled for endoscopy under deep sedation, and their parents. Immediately after the child patient was taken to the treatment room, parents were asked to fill out the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. The children’s anxiety level immediately after separation from parents was evaluated with Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS). The patients were divided into two groups according to anxiety levels. Those with m-YPAS >30 were considered the anxiety (+) group, m-YPAS ≤30 were defined as the anxiety (-) group. Results: The mean age of the patients was 11.8 (2.6) years (6-14). Twenty-nine patients had m-YPAS> 30, and 75 patients had m-YPAS ≤30. Parent anxiety levels were not significantly different between the two groups. There was a strong negative correlation (r=-0.589, P<0.001) between child’s anxiety and child age, a negative moderate correlation between child’s anxiety and parent age (r=-0.259, P=0.008), and weak positive correlation between child’s anxiety and complications (r=0.218, P=0.026). Young age was determined as an independent risk factor for increased child anxiety (OR: 0.501, P<0.001, 95% CI: 0.390-0.643). Conclusion: There is no relationship between preoperative anxiety in school-age children and parental anxiety. Young age is an independent risk factor for the development of anxiety in the child.

Keywords

• anxiety
• m- YPAS
• parent anxiety
• STAI

Pediatrik hastalarda ameliyathane dışı endoskopik işlemlerde anksiyete seviyesi ve risk faktörleri: Kesitsel çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Anestezi altında gerçekleştirilen endoskopi işlemi çocuklarda ve ebeveynlerinde stres ve kaygı yaratır. Bu çalışmada Endoskopi işlemi öncesi rutin bilgilendirilme yapılan ebeveynlerin ve hastaların preoperatif kaygı düzeylerini belirlemek ve çocuklar ile ebeveynlerin durum-sürekli kaygıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçladık. Yöntemler: Çocuk hasta ve ebeveynlerin dahil edildiği kesitsel bir çalışma planlandı. Çalışmaya derin sedasyon altında endoskopi planlanan 6-14 yaş arası, ASA I-II, 104 çocuk hasta ve ebeveynleri dahil edildi. Çocuk hasta işlem odasına alındıktan hemen sonra ebeveynlerden Durum-Sürekli Kaygı Anketini doldurmaları istendi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri kayıt edildi. Çocukların kaygı seviyesi ebeveynlerinden ayrıldıktan hemen sonra Modifiye Yale Preoperatif Kaygı Skoru (m-YPAS) ile değerlendirildi. Hastalar anksiyete düzeylerine göre iki gruba ayrıldı. m-YPAS >30 anxiety (+) grup, m-YPAS ≤30 anxiety (-) grup olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 11,8 (2,6) (6-14) yıldı. 29 hasta da m-YPAS >30, 75 hasta da m-YPAS ≤30’du. Ebeveyn kaygı seviyeleri iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi. Çocuk kaygısı ile çocuk yaşı arasında negatif yönde kuvvetli (r=-0,589, P<0,001), ebeveyn yaşı arasında negatif yönde orta (r=-0,259, P=0,008), komplikasyon arasında pozitif yönde düşük (r=0,218, P=0,026) korelasyon vardı. Çocuk kaygı seviyesi için düşük çocuk yaşı bağımsız risk faktörü olarak belirlendi. (OR: 0,501, P<0,001, 95% CI: 0,390-0,643). Sonuç: Okul çağı çocuklarda preoperatif kaygı ile ebeveyn kaygı arasında etkileşim yoktur. Küçük yaş, çocukta kaygı gelişimi için bağımsız risk faktörüdür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kaygı
• m-YPAS
• Ebeveyn kaygı
• STAI

Kaynakça

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