Tıp fakültesinde okuyan ve okumayan üniversite öğrencilerinde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ile umutsuzluk arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Üniversite öğrencilerinde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi alışkanlıklarıyla ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi, uzun vadede bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıkların önlenmesi için sağlık davranışlarını teşvik etmek açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı üniversite öğrencilerinde umutsuzluğun sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarıyla ilişkisini incelemektir. Ayrıca tıp fakültesinde okuyan öğrencilerin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları diğer bölümlerdeki öğrencilerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Yöntemler: Kesitsel çalışmaya Tıp ve Fen-Edebiyat fakültelerinde okuyan toplam 435 öğrenci katılmıştır. Veriler Demografik Bilgi Formu, Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği-II (SYBD) ve Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ) aracılığıyla toplanmış ve SPSS 22 istatistiksel analiz programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: BUÖ’den elde edilen puanlar ile SYBD toplam puanı (r=-0.39) ve sağlık sorumluluğu (r=-0.22), fiziksel aktivite (r=-0.18), beslenme (r=-0.17), manevi gelişim (r=-0.53), kişilerarası ilişkiler (r=-0.30) ve stres yönetimi (r=-0.25) puanları arasında anlamlı negatif korelasyon bulunmuştur (tamamında P<0.001). Ayrıca Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi öğrencilerine kıyasla Tıp Fakültesi öğrencileri anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek fiziksel aktivite (95% CI [0.64, 2.50], t(406.03)=3.33, P<0.001) ve daha düşük kişilerarası ilişkiler (95% CI [-1.73, -0.10], t(429.74)=-2.22, P=0.027) alt ölçek puanlarına sahip bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bireylerin gelecekteki davranışlarına ilişkin olumsuz beklentileri, uzun vadede sağlığı geliştirebilecek davranışlarının gösterilmemesiyle ilişkili bulunmuştur. Ayrıca tıp öğrencilerinin sosyal ilişkilerin geliştirilmesi açısından desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Umutsuzluk
• Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları
• Üniversite öğrencileri

Investigating the relationship between health-promoting lifestyle behaviors and hopelessness among medical and non-medical students

Abstract

Background/Aim: Investigating the correlates of healthy lifestyle habits is essential to promote healthy behaviors in university students to be able to prevent developing non-communicable diseases in the long-term. The primary aim of this research was to investigate whether hopelessness is associated with health-promoting lifestyle behaviors among university students. Also, healthy lifestyle habits of medical students were compared with those of students from different fields of study. Methods: Four hundred and thirty-five undergraduate students from the Faculties of Medicine and Science and Literature participated in a paper-based cross-sectional study. The data were collected with the demographic information sheet, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II), and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and analyzed using SPSS 22 statistics software. Results: There were significant negative correlations between BHS scores and HPLP II total (r=-0.39) and all subscale scores, including health responsibility (r=-0.22), physical activity (r=-0.18), nutrition (r=-0.17), spiritual growth (r=-0.53), interpersonal relations (r=-0.30), and stress management (r=-0.25; P<0.001 for all). In addition, medical students had higher physical activity (95% CI [0.64, 2.50], t(406.03)=3.33, P<0.001) and lower interpersonal relations (95% CI [-1.73, -0.10], t(429.74)=-2.22, P=0.027) scores than their non-medical counterparts. Conclusion: This study investigating the relationship between hopelessness and health-promoting lifestyle behaviors among medical and non-medical students revealed that negative expectations about the possible consequences of potential behaviors are associated with retention of activities that can improve health in the long-term. Considering their reported weakness in interpersonal relationships, medical education should provide support to the students in improving their social support network to enhance their health and well-being.

Keywords

• Hopelessness
• Healthy lifestyle behaviours
• University students

Kaynakça

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