The relationship between AB0 blood groups and COVID-19

Öz

Aim: Although COVID-19 infection spreads very quickly, not every individual is infected at the same rate. It should be investigated whether blood groups affect this difference in susceptibility to COVID-19. This study was conducted to investigate whether there was a relationship between AB0 and Rh blood groups and COVID-19 patients. Methods: A total of 535 patients suspected of COVID-19 who were admitted to the emergency departments and pandemic polyclinics of 3 different hospitals were included in this prospective cohort study. The patients were divided into two groups as those with positive and negative results according to the swab test. According to the ABO and Rh subgroups of the patients whose blood groups were known, each patient was evaluated for the presence of COVID-19. The data on patients' age, gender, complaints during the admission, blood groups, and swab test results were recorded in the study forms, and statistical analyses were performed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.5 (22.2) years. There were 291 (54.40%) males and 244 (45.60%) females. It was observed that most patients had A Rh + blood group (n=225, 42.1%). When age groups were compared in terms of gender, swab test results, and blood groups, no significant differences were found (P=0.307, P=0.316 and P=0.694, respectively). Conclusion: We found that no specific blood group increased the risk of getting infected with COVID-19. However, according to our results, those with A Rh – and A Rh +, 0 Rh - and AB Rh - blood groups had a higher risk of catching COVID-19, while those with 0 Rh + blood group had a lower risk.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Blood Group
• COVID-19
• Pandemic
• Infeciton

AB0 kan grupları ile COVID-19 arasındaki ilişki

Öz

Amaç: COVID-19 enfeksiyonu toplumda çok hızlı yayılmasına rağmen her birey aynı hızla enfeksiyona yakalanmamaktadır. Bireylerin COVID-19’a yakalanmasındaki bu farklılıkların temelinde genetik olarak kan grupların bir etkisinin olup olmadığı araştırılmalıdır. Bu çalışma ABO ve Rh kan grupları ile COVID-19 hastaları arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını araştırmak amaçlı yapılmıştır. Yöntemler: 3 farklı hastanenin acil servis ve pandemi polikliniklerine başvuran toplam 535 Covid-19 şüpheli hasta bu prospektif kohort çalışmasına dahil edildi. Hastalar, alınan sürüntü testine göre pozitif ve negatif sonuç olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Kan grupları belli olan hastalardan ABO ve Rh alt gruplarına göre her hasta Covid-19 varlığı açısından değerlendirildi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, başvuru anındaki şikayetleri, kan grupları ve sürüntü test sonuçları verileri çalışma formlarına kayıt edilip istatistiksel analizleri yapıldı. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması (standart sapması) 45,5 (22,2) yıl idi. Toplam 291 (%54,40) erkek ve 244 (%45,60) kadın hasta vardı. Kan gruplarına bakıldığında en fazla 225 (%42,1) ile A Rh + kan grubuna sahip hastalar olduğu görüldü. Yaş gruplarıyla; cinsiyet ile ve sürüntü test sonuçları ile kan grupları arasında karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadı (sırasıyla P=0,307, P=0,316, P=0,694). Sonuç: Spesifik bir kan grubunda COVID-19’a yakalanma riskinde artış olmadığı görüldü. Ancak A Rh – ve A Rh +, 0 Rh - ve AB Rh - kan gruplarının COVID-19’a yakalanma riskinin yüksek olduğunu, 0 Rh + kan grubunda ise hastalığa yakalanma riskinin daha düşük olduğunu tespit ettik.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kan grubu
• Covid-19
• Pandemi
• Enfeksiyon

Kaynakça

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